Howard Bancorp, Inc. (NASDAQ: HBMD) (“Howard Bancorp” or the “Company”), the parent company of Howard Bank (“Howard Bank” or the “Bank”), today reported its financial results for the quarter and the year ended December 31, 2020.

Net Income (Loss) and Income (Loss) per Share

The Company reported net income of $4.5 million, or $0.24 per both basic and diluted common share, for the fourth quarter of 2020. This compares to net income of $5.9 million, or $0.31 per both basic and diluted common share, for the fourth quarter of 2019 and net income of $4.6 million, or $0.25 per both basic and diluted common share, for the third quarter of 2020. For the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company reported a net loss of $17.0 million, or a loss of $0.91 per both basic and diluted common share. This compares to net income of $16.9 million, or $0.89 per both basic and diluted common share, for the year ended December 31, 2019.

The decreases in fourth quarter 2020 basic and diluted earnings per common share were $0.07 when compared to the fourth quarter of 2019 and $0.01 when compared to the third quarter of 2020. The decrease in year 2020 basic and diluted earnings per common share was $1.80 when compared to year 2019. The following table presents a rollforward of earnings per share for the fourth quarter of 2020 compared to both the fourth quarter of 2019 and the third quarter of 2020 as well year 2020 compared to year 2019. The column noted as “FN” references each item in the rollforward to a footnote with additional information; reconciling items are presented on an after tax basis.

1. The second quarter of 2020 included a $34.5 million goodwill impairment charge, included within noninterest expense. There were no goodwill impairment charges in the third or fourth quarter of 2020 or in 2019.
2. The fourth quarter of 2019 included $807 thousand in pretax income from the Company’s former mortgage banking activities, which were concluded in the first quarter of 2020. For the year 2020, pretax income from the Company’s former mortgage banking activities was $130 thousand, a decrease of $2.1 million from year 2019.
3. The fourth quarter 2020 provision for credit losses was $1.7 million, an increase of $950 thousand from the fourth quarter of 2019, and unchanged from the third quarter of 2020. The year 2020 provision for credit losses was $9.8 million, an increase of $5.6 million from the year 2019.
4. The Company originated loans under the SBA’s PPP program in the second quarter of 2020 and began the process of loan forgiveness in the fourth quarter of 2020. Fourth quarter 2020 pretax income of $1.7 million from this program represented an increase of $645 thousand from the third quarter of 2020. For the year 2020, pretax income from this program was $3.8 million. The PPP program did not exist prior to the second quarter of 2020.
5. The fourth quarter of 2020 included a branch optimization net charge, included within noninterest expense, of $554 thousand, an increase of $892 thousand compared to a $338 thousand partial reversal of a prior charge in the fourth quarter of 2019. There were no branch optimization charge in the first, second, or third quarters of 2020. For the year 2020, branch optimization charges were $554 thousand, a decrease of $2.7 million from the year 2019.
6. The year 2020 included securities gains of $3.0 million, an increase of $2.4 million from the year 2019. We did not recognize any securities gains in the third or fourth quarters of 2020. $13 thousand of securities losses were recorded in the fourth quarter of 2019.
7. The year 2020 included prepayment penalties on Federal Home Loan Bank of Atlanta (“FHLB”) advances, included within noninterest expense, of $224 thousand, a decrease of $427 thousand from the year 2019. We did not recognize any prepayment penalties in the third or fourth quarters of 2020 or in the fourth quarter of 2019.
8. The fourth quarter of 2020 included a $1.0 million increase to a litigation accrual, included within noninterest expense, initially recorded in the second quarter of 2020 for potential litigation claims stemming from certain mortgages originated by First Mariner Bank. For the year 2020, total accruals were $2.0 million. The increase in the accrual was the result of a settlement of this potential litigation in January 2021. This accrual was not related to the $700 thousand litigation settlement charge recorded in the third quarter of 2019 and described in FN 9 below.
9. The third quarter of 2019 and year 2019 included a $700 thousand litigation settlement charge, included in noninterest expense, stemming from certain mortgages originated by First Mariner Bank before its merger with Howard Bank.
10. The fourth quarter of 2019 and year 2019 also included, within noninterest income, the proceeds from an agreement to exit the Company’s mortgage banking operations of $750 thousand.
11. The first quarter and year 2020 included noninterest expenses of $788 thousand attributable to the departure of the Company’s former CFO. There were no expenses attributable to the departure of any executive officers in the year 2019.
12. A $1.3 million tax benefit resulting from the carryback of our 2018 net operating loss as a result of a provision in the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (“CARES Act”) was recorded in 2020, substantially all in the first quarter. There was no comparable item in year 2019.
13. The Company completed a share repurchase program during the first quarter of 2020. A total of 392,565 shares were repurchased, or approximately 2.0% of shares outstanding at December 31, 2019.

Core net income is a non-GAAP financial measure that excludes, if applicable, the earnings contribution from the Company’s former mortgage banking activities, the goodwill impairment charge, and certain other items to provide a picture of ongoing activities deemed core to the Company’s strategy. Core net income for the fourth quarter of 2020 was $5.5 million, or $0.29 per both basic and diluted common share. This compares to core net income of $4.5 million, or $0.24 per both basic and diluted common share for the fourth quarter of 2019. The $0.05 per share increase in core earnings per share when comparing the fourth quarter of 2020 to the fourth quarter of 2019 was primarily the result of the pretax contribution from PPP lending activities of $1.7 million (+$0.07 after tax per share), partially offset by a higher provision for credit losses, reflecting the current economic environment, which was up $950 thousand (-$0.04 after tax per share). This also compares to core net income of $4.6 million, or $0.25 per both basic and diluted common share, for the third quarter of 2020. The $0.04 per share increase in core earnings per share when comparing the fourth quarter of 2020 to the third quarter of 2020 was primarily the result of an increase in the pretax contribution from PPP lending activities, which was up $645 thousand (+$0.03 after tax per share). *

Core net income for the year 2020 was $16.5 million, or $0.88 per both basic and diluted common share. This compares to core net income of $17.6 million, or $0.92 per both basic and diluted common share for the year 2019. The $0.04 per share decrease in 2020 core earnings per share was primarily the result of a higher provision for credit losses, reflecting the current economic environment, which was up $5.6 million (-$0.23 after tax per share), partially offset by the pretax contribution from PPP lending activities of $3.8 million (+$0.16 after tax per share).

Core pre-provision net revenue (“core PPNR”), a non-GAAP financial measure that adds back the provision for credit losses to GAAP pretax income and excludes the pretax earnings contribution of the Company’s mortgage banking activities, the goodwill impairment charge, and certain other items, was $8.8 million for the fourth quarter of 2020. The fourth quarter of 2020 core PPNR was up $2.2 million, or 32.6%, from $6.6 million for the fourth quarter of 2019, primarily attributable to the contribution from PPP lending activities ($1.7 million). The fourth quarter of 2020 core PPNR was up $1.1 million, or 15.0%, when compared to the third quarter 2020 core PPNR of $7.7 million, primarily attributable to the increase in the contribution from PPP lending activities ($645 thousand). Core PPNR for the year 2020 was $31.4 million, an increase of $4.2 million, or 15.3%, from core PPNR of $27.2 million for the year 2019. The increase in year 2020 compared to year 2019 was primarily attributable to the contribution from PPP lending activities ($3.8 million). *

Paycheck Protection Program Loans

The Company continues to actively participate in the SBA’s PPP program, with 351 applications taken, totaling $72.8 million, in the first four days after the program was relaunched by the SBA on January 19, 2021. During the second and third quarters of 2020, $201.0 million of loans were originated under the program, consisting of 1,062 loans with an average loan size of $189 thousand. A total of 149 loans, with an aggregate principal balance of $30.1 million, were forgiven during the fourth quarter of 2020. An additional 83 loans, with an aggregate principal balance of $25.0 million, were forgiven through January 22, 2021.

During 2020, the Company received and deferred total processing fees from the SBA for originated PPP loans of $6.7 million. In addition, $782 thousand of origination costs were deferred. The net deferred fees are being accreted as a yield adjustment over the contractual term of the underlying PPP loans. PPP lending generated pretax income of $1.7 million, or $0.07 after tax per share, in the fourth quarter of 2020, an increase of $645 thousand, or $0.03 after tax per share, from the third quarter of 2020. The fourth quarter increase was attributable to the accelerated recognition of net deferred fees upon loan forgiveness. For the year 2020, PPP lending generated pretax income of $3.8 million, or $0.16 after tax per share. PPP loans, net of unearned income, totaled $167.6 million at December 31, 2020, a decrease of $28.7 million from September 30, 2020.

Certain information in this earnings release is presented with respect to “portfolio loans”, a non-GAAP financial measure defined as total loans and leases, but excluding the PPP loans. The Company believes that portfolio loan related measures provide additional useful information for purposes of evaluating the Company’s results of operations and financial condition with respect to both the fourth quarter and year 2020 when comparing to other periods, since the PPP loans are 100% guaranteed, were not subject to traditional loan underwriting standards, and a substantial portion of these loans are expected to be forgiven and repaid by the SBA within the next 12-18 months. *

COVID-19 Loan Modifications

The Company has provided loan modifications to both commercial and retail customers, on a case by case basis, in the form of payment deferrals for periods up to six months. Deferrals trended favorably from their peak of $315 million (17.9% of both total loans and portfolio loans) on April 24, 2020, dropping to $47.3 million (2.5% of total loans and 2.8% of portfolio loans) at November 6, 2020, the most recent date when the Company previously disclosed deferral data. Since that date, deferrals have decreased slightly, with loans that have resumed full payment more than offsetting new deferrals or deferral extensions. As of January 22, 2021, deferrals are $41.4 million, or 2.2% of total loans and 2.4% of portfolio loans. Included in total deferrals at January 22, 2021 are second deferrals (including deferrals where the cumulative inception to date deferral is greater than six months but less than a year) of $20.3 million. Full payment deferrals represent 56% of total deferrals while principal only deferrals represent 44% of total deferrals. *

Asset Quality and Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses

Nonperforming assets (“NPAs”) totaled $20.2 million at December 31, 2020, an increase of $2.0 million from September 30, 2020 and a decrease of $2.1 million from December 31, 2019. NPAs consisted of $19.4 million of nonperforming loans (“NPLs”) and $743 thousand of other real estate owned (“OREO”) at December 31, 2020. NPLs were 1.04% of total loans and 1.14% of portfolio loans at December 31, 2020. NPAs represented 0.79% of total assets, 1.08% of total loans and OREO, and 1.19% of portfolio loans and OREO at December 31, 2020. *

• This compares to NPAs of $22.2 million at December 31, 2019 that consisted of $19.1 million in NPLs and $3.1 million of OREO. NPLs were 1.10% of total loans at December 31, 2019 while nonperforming assets represented 0.94% of total assets and 1.27% of total loans and OREO at December 31, 2019.
• This compares to NPAs of $18.1 million at September 30, 2020 that consisted of $17.0 million in NPLs and $1.1 million of OREO. NPLs were 0.90% of total loans and 1.01% of portfolio loans at September 30, 2020 while NPAs represented 0.71% of total assets, 0.96% of total loans and OREO, and 1.07% of portfolio loans and OREO at September 30, 2020.

Net charge-offs were $195 thousand in the fourth quarter of 2020 and represented 0.04% of both average total loans and average portfolio loans (annualized). This compares to net recoveries of $55 thousand, or -0.01% of average loans (annualized) in the fourth quarter of 2019 and $78 thousand, or 0.02% of average portfolio loans (annualized) in the third quarter of 2020. For the year 2020, net charge-offs were $764 thousand, or 0.04% of both average total loans and average portfolio loans. The allowance for loan and lease losses (the “allowance”) was $19.2 million at December 31, 2020. The provision for credit losses for the fourth quarter of 2020 was $1.7 million. *

Because the Company is a smaller reporting company under SEC rules, the allowance was determined under the incurred loss model. The allowance represented 1.03% of total loans, 1.13% of portfolio loans, and 98.6% of NPLs at December 31, 2020. *

• This compares to an allowance of $10.4 million at December 31, 2019. The December 31, 2019 allowance represented 0.60% of total loans and 54.3% of NPLs. The $8.8 million increase in the allowance at December 31, 2020 was the result of aggregate provisions for credit losses attributable to the allowance of $9.5 million partially offset by aggregate net charge-offs of $764 thousand during the year 2020.
• This compares to an allowance of $17.7 million at September 30, 2020. The September 30, 2020 allowance represented 0.94% of total loans, 1.05% of portfolio loans, and 104.0% of NPLs. The $1.5 million increase in the allowance at December 31, 2020 was the result of a provision for credit losses attributable to the allowance of $1.7 million partially offset by net charge-offs of $195 thousand during the fourth quarter of 2020.

The Company’s allowance as a percentage of total loans has historically been lower than certain of our peers due to the accounting for acquired loans and their initial impact on the allowance. The allowance and unamortized fair value marks as a percentage of portfolio loans, a non-GAAP measure that management uses to assess credit coverage, adds the unamortized fair value marks to total loans, portfolio loans, and the allowance. The fair value marks, unlike the allowance, are not available to absorb general losses but are only available to absorb losses for the specific loan to which they apply, however, this measure provides the Company with an additional indicator of potential loss absorption capacity. The allowance and unamortized fair value marks as a percentage of total loans plus fair value marks was 1.37% at December 31, 2020, an increase of 0.05% from September 30, 2020 and an increase of 0.26% from December 31, 2019. The allowance and unamortized fair value marks as a percentage of portfolio loans plus fair value marks was 1.50% at December 31, 2020, an increase of 0.02% from September 30, 2020 and an increase of 0.39% from December 31, 2019.*

The Company’s asset quality trends show very modest additional stress in the loan portfolio, although we believe our ongoing active management of the portfolio, COVID-19 related loan modifications, and PPP loans have reduced the short-term risk in the portfolio. However, despite this modest change, after evaluating the overall significant stress the pandemic has had on the economy, and management’s belief that this stress will continue for at least the next several quarters, the Company increased the allowance at December 31, 2020 by $1.5 million over the September 30, 2020 level, with $894 thousand of the fourth quarter increase attributable to a specific allocation of the allowance for one loan relationship. The allowance at December 31, 2020 increased by $8.8 million compared to December 31, 2019. With the exception of the one specific allocation, the quarterly increases in the allowance were based on management’s evaluation of certain qualitative factors included in the determination of the allowance, primarily economic factors driven by the unemployment rate and GDP as well as factors driven by the level of loans to potentially highly impacted industries and risk rating downgrades.

The Maryland economy is open with limited restrictions and a substantial amount of economic activity has returned; however, unemployment still remains high, and many businesses are still experiencing significant drops in revenue. The substantial and continuing rise in new COVID-19 cases, hospitalizations, and deaths since the end of September may lead to ongoing limitations on economic activity in the future. Management will continue to closely monitor portfolio conditions and reevaluate the adequacy of the allowance. While the level of payment deferrals and PPP loan assistance have reduced the short-term risk in the Company’s loan portfolio and traditional lagging indicators of delinquencies and nonperforming loans remain historically modest, management believes there is the potential for additional risk rating downgrades and an increase in charge-offs in future periods.

Stockholders’ Equity and Regulatory Capital Ratios

Stockholders’ equity at December 31, 2020 was $294.6 million, an increase of $5.1 million from September 30, 2020. The increase was primarily due to fourth quarter 2020 net income of $4.5 million and a $517 thousand increase in accumulated other comprehensive income, which represents the after tax impact of an increase in the fair value of available-for-sale securities. Book value per common share was $15.72 at December 31, 2020, a decrease of $0.76 per share since December 31, 2019, with the decrease attributable to the goodwill impairment charge ($1.84 per share reduction) recorded in the second quarter of 2020. Book value per share increased by $0.27 per share since September 30, 2020.

Tangible stockholders’ equity, a non-GAAP financial measure that deducts goodwill and other intangible assets, net of any applicable deferred tax liabilities, was $258.8 million at December 31, 2020. This compares to $253.2 million at September 30, 2020, with the $5.6 million increase primarily due to fourth quarter 2020 net income of $4.5 million, a $517 thousand increase in accumulated other comprehensive income, and the $471 thousand after tax effect of core deposit intangible amortization. Tangible stockholders’ equity has increased by $16.9 million since December 31, 2019. Tangible book value per common share, a non-GAAP measure that divides tangible stockholders’ equity by the number of shares outstanding, was $13.81 per share at December 31, 2020, an increase of 8.8%, or $1.13 per share since December 31, 2019 and an increase of $0.30 per share since September 30, 2020. *

The Company’s regulatory capital ratios are all well in excess of regulatory “well-capitalized” and internal target minimum levels. The total capital ratio was 14.32% while both the Common Equity Tier 1 (“CET 1”) and Tier 1 capital ratios were 11.83% at December 31, 2020. The Tier 1 to average assets (“leverage”) ratio was 9.26%. A comparison of the Company’s December 31, 2020 regulatory capital ratios to December 31, 2019 and September 30, 2020 is as follows:

• Regulatory capital ratios at December 31, 2019 consisted of a total capital ratio of 13.14% while both the CET 1 and Tier 1 capital ratios were 11.09%. The leverage ratio was 9.55%. All December 31, 2020 regulatory capital ratios based on risk-weighted assets were above the December 31, 2019 levels. The December 31, 2020 leverage ratio was lower due to PPP loans and their impact on average total assets.
• Regulatory capital ratios at September 30, 2020 consisted of a total capital ratio of 14.11% while both the CET 1 and Tier 1 capital ratios were 11.65%. The leverage ratio was 9.07%. All December 31, 2020 regulatory capital ratios were above the September 30, 2020 levels.

Liquidity

The Company’s liquidity position remains strong. The Company has continued to experience increases in low-cost customer deposits since the end of the first quarter of 2020. The Company also continues to build stable sources of contingency funding capacity, and management remains confident that it will be able to access these funds in the event that the markets again become restricted.

This confidence is reflected in the fact that during the fourth quarter of 2020, the Company repaid the $31.1 million of borrowings reported at September 30, 2020 under the Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond’s (“FRB”) Paycheck Protection Program Lending Facility (“PPPLF”). While the Company had originally planned to use the PPPLF as the funding source for all PPP loans, strong customer deposit growth and the availability of alternative short-term funding sources at a lower cost resulted in limited utilization of the PPPLF. At this time, the Company has no plans to further utilize the PPPLF.

Net Interest Income and Net Interest Margin

Net interest income was $19.7 million for the fourth quarter of 2020, an increase of $1.4 million, or 7.6%, from $18.3 million for the third quarter of 2020, and an increase of $2.4 million, or 13.8%, from $17.3 million in the fourth quarter of 2019. PPP net interest income, up primarily due to accelerated accretion of net deferred origination fees on forgiven PPP loans, represented $645 thousand of this increase from the third quarter of 2020 and $1.7 million of this increase from the fourth quarter of 2019. Net interest income for the year 2020 was $73.6 million, an increase of $4.3 million, or 6.2%, from $69.3 million in 2019. PPP lending generated $3.6 million of net interest income in 2020. The PPP program did not exist in 2019. Non PPP related increases in net interest income were attributable to the impact of lower funding costs partially offset by lower yields on earning assets.

The following table presents selected yields and rates for the fourth quarters of 2020 and 2019 as well as the third quarter of 2020. Changes in the fourth quarter 2020 yields and rates from the fourth quarter of 2019 and the third quarter of 2020 are also included in the table. In addition, yields and rates for the years 2020 and 2019, with the change in year 2020 yields and rates from year 2019, are also included in the table.

Net interest margin compression is a continuing trend as market interest rates, after falling to historically low levels through the second quarter of 2020, have generally stabilized. The following table presents selected market interest rates for the periods presented; all are averages except the December 31, 2020 rates:

Noninterest Income

Noninterest income was $2.1 million for the fourth quarter of 2020, a decrease of $3.5 million from the $5.6 million reported in the fourth quarter of 2019, and an increase of $56 thousand from the $2.1 million reported in the third quarter of 2020. There were no securities gains in the third or fourth quarter of 2020 while $13 thousand of securities losses were reported in the fourth quarter of 2019. There was no noninterest income attributable to the Company’s former mortgage banking activities in either the third or fourth quarter of 2020 compared to $2.7 million in the fourth quarter of 2019. Noninterest income for the year 2020 was $12.4 million, an $8.7 million decrease from $21.0 million for the year 2019. The decline in noninterest income from our exited mortgage banking activities of $9.2 million in 2020 was partially offset by noninterest income growth in our continuing banking activities.

Core noninterest income, a non-GAAP financial measure that excludes noninterest income attributable to the Company’s mortgage banking activities and securities gains in each quarter as well as the proceeds from an agreement to exit mortgage banking activities recorded in the fourth quarter of 2019, was $2.1 million for the fourth quarter of 2020, a $31 thousand decrease from the fourth quarter of 2019, and a $56 thousand increase from the third quarter of 2020. Core noninterest income for the year 2020 was $7.9 million, a $1.1 million decrease from $9.0 million for the year 2019. *

• The $31 thousand decrease when compared to the fourth quarter of 2019 primarily consisted of the following: lower levels of nonsufficient funds (“NSF”) and overdraft charges, included in service charges on deposit accounts (-$214 thousand) partially due to accommodations to COVID-19 impacted customers in the current economic environment and higher liquidity maintained by other customers; this item was partially offset by an increase in interchange fees due to VISA incentive payments, included in other income (+$86 thousand), and an increase in loan related fees and service charges (+$75 thousand).
• The $56 thousand increase when compared to the third quarter of 2020 primarily consisted of the following: an increase in service charges on deposit accounts due primarily to a growing volume of NSF and overdraft charges (+$21 thousand); an increase in interchange fees, as card activity volumes gradually continue to improve in addition to the VISA incentive payments, included in other income (+$101 thousand); and the decrease in loan related fees and service charges (-$118 thousand). The third quarter 2020 loan related fees and services charges included swap fee income of $197 thousand.
• The $1.1 million decrease in year 2020 when compared to year 2019 primarily consisted of the following: lower levels of NSF and overdraft charges (-$832 thousand) partially due to accommodations to COVID-19 impacted customers in the current economic environment and higher liquidity maintained by other customers, and a decrease in interchange fees (-$238 thousand). As noted above, fourth quarter noninterest income showed signs of a reversal of some of these pressures.

Noninterest Expenses

Noninterest expenses totaled $14.6 million for the fourth quarter of 2020, an increase of $205 thousand from the $14.4 million reported in the fourth quarter of 2019, and an increase of $1.9 million from the $12.7 million reported in the third quarter of 2020. There were no noninterest expenses attributable to the Company’s former mortgage banking activities in either the third or fourth quarter of 2020 compared to $2.1 million in the fourth quarter of 2019.

The fourth quarter of 2020 included a $1.0 million increase to the litigation accrual initially recorded in the second quarter of 2020 for potential litigation claims stemming from certain mortgages originated by First Mariner Bank. For the year 2020, total accruals were $2.0 million. The increase in the accrual was the result of a settlement of this potential litigation in January 2021.

The fourth quarter of 2020 also included a branch optimization net charge of $554 thousand. This charge included $1.1 million of costs associated with the announcement, during the fourth quarter of 2020, of our intent to close an additional two branches in early 2021. Both of the branches to be permanently closed have been temporarily closed since March 2020 due to the pandemic. This $1.1 million charge was partially offset by the $538 thousand partial reversal of a branch closing liability, initially recorded in the second quarter of 2019, as a result of securing a sublease on the former branch location.

Noninterest expenses for the year 2020 were $89.5 million, a $25.4 million increase from $64.1 million for the year 2019. A goodwill impairment charge of $34.5 million was included in noninterest expenses in the second quarter of 2020. In addition, noninterest expenses from mortgage banking activities were $1.4 million in 2020, a $7.6 million decrease from $9.0 million in 2019.

Core noninterest expenses is a non-GAAP financial measure that excludes noninterest expenses attributable to the following: the Company’s mortgage banking activities in each quarter; the $34.5 million goodwill impairment charge in the second quarter of 2020; branch optimization charges recorded in the fourth quarter of 2020 and in the second and fourth quarters of 2019; accruals recorded in the second and fourth quarters of 2020 for the settlement of potential litigation claims stemming from certain mortgages originated by First Mariner Bank before its merger with Howard Bank; an unrelated litigation settlement charge in the third quarter of 2019 stemming from certain mortgages originated by First Mariner Bank before its merger with Howard Bank; prepayment penalties on FHLB advances in both the second quarter of 2019 and 2020, and the charge associated with the departure of the Company’s former CFO in the first quarter of 2020.

Core noninterest expenses were $13.0 million for the fourth quarter of 2020, a $389 thousand increase from $12.6 million in the fourth quarter of 2019, and a $324 thousand increase from $12.7 million in the third quarter of 2020. Core noninterest expenses for the year 2020 were $50.0 million, a $451 thousand decrease from $50.4 million for the year 2019. *

• The Company implemented an enhanced methodology to accrue certain noninterest expenses (the “accrual update”) during the fourth quarter of 2020, resulting in a higher level of data processing fees (+$386 thousand) and professional fees (+$232 thousand). The total impact of this implementation of $618 thousand in the fourth quarter of 2020 will not reoccur in future periods. The variances discussed below are presented both including and excluding the accrual update impact.
  
• The $389 thousand increase when compared to the fourth quarter of 2019 (but a $229 thousand decrease excluding the accrual update impact) consisted of the following: higher FDIC insurance expense (+$337 thousand) as the fourth quarter 2020 assessment rate was higher due to the impact of the goodwill impairment charge in the second quarter of 2020 and the benefit of the FDIC’s small bank assessment credits recognized in the third and fourth quarters of 2019 that did not reoccur in 2020; higher compensation and benefits expenses (+$279 thousand), with $165 thousand attributable to an accrual for an additional paid time off benefit, with a carryover provision granted in light of COVID-19; higher occupancy costs (+$202 thousand); higher professional fees (+$356 thousand but +$124 thousand excluding the accrual update impact), and higher data processing fees (+$89 thousand but down $297 thousand excluding the accrual update impact).
  
  The above items were partially offset by the following: lower other real estate owned expenses (-$295 thousand), as the fourth quarter of 2019 included increases in valuation allowances of $107 thousand; and lower marketing and business development expenses, driven primarily by the impact of COVID-19 (-$502 thousand).
  
• The $324 thousand increase when compared to the third quarter of 2020 (but a $294 thousand decrease excluding the accrual update impact) consisted of the following: higher data processing fees (+$409 thousand but +$23 thousand excluding the accrual update impact); higher professional fees (+$196 thousand but down $36 thousand excluding the accrual update impact); higher marketing and business development expenses (+$117 thousand); the above items were partially offset by lower compensation and benefits expenses (-$412 thousand), with $205 thousand of the decrease attributable to lower healthcare costs, and $100 thousand of the decrease a result of a higher level of loan origination cost deferrals.
  
• The $451 thousand decrease in year 2020 when compared to year 2019 (a $1.1 million decrease excluding the accrual update impact) primarily consisted of the following: lower data processing fees (-$935 thousand but -$1.3 million excluding the accrual update impact); lower marketing and business development expenses (-$788 thousand); these items were partially offset by higher professional fess (+$262 thousand but +$30 thousand excluding the accrual update impact), higher compensation and benefits expenses (+$1.3 million). The increase in compensation and benefits expenses was attributable to the paid time-off benefit (+$360 thousand), higher healthcare expenses (+214 thousand), and higher salaries driven by staff additions (+$600 thousand).

Income Taxes

The Company reported an income tax expense of $1.1 million for the quarter ended December 31, 2020. The effective tax rate for the fourth quarter of 2020 was 19.6%. The effective tax rate for the third quarter of 2020 was 22.6% while the effective tax rate for the fourth quarter of 2019 was 24.2%. The effective tax rate for the year 2020 was -27.3% compared to 23.5% for the year 2019. For comparability, after excluding the non-taxable goodwill impairment charge from pretax income and the tax benefit of the change in net operating loss carryback rules under the CARES Act, the effective tax rate in 2020 would have been 23.2%.

Loans

Loans totaled $1.87 billion at December 31, 2020, a decrease of $18.4 million, or 1.0%, from total loans at September 30, 2020. Compared to December 31, 2019, the loan portfolio grew by $120.4 million, or 6.9%.

Portfolio loans, a non-GAAP measure defined as total loans and leases, but excluding PPP loans, totaled $1.70 billion at December 31, 2020, an increase of $10.3 million, or 0.6%, from portfolio loans at September 30, 2020. Compared to December 31, 2019, portfolio loans decreased by $47.2 million, or 2.7%. *

Changes in portfolio loans were as follows:

• Compared to December 31, 2019, the $47.2 million decrease in portfolio loans was primarily driven by residential real estate loans down $70.7 million, or 13.8%. The commercial lending portfolio modestly increased with commercial real estate loans up $56.8 million, or 8.3%, commercial and industrial (“C&I”) loans down $38.8 million, or 10.4%, primarily due to lower line utilization, and construction and land loans down $11.6 million, or 9.1% due primarily to transfers to other loan portfolios. Consumer loans were up $17.1 million, or 36.4%, reflecting early successes in some niche lending activities.
  
  Compared to September 30, 2020, the $10.3 million increase in portfolio loans was primarily driven by growth in our commercial lending portfolio, with commercial real estate loans up $20.4 million, or 2.8%, construction and land loans up $12.3 million, or 11.8%; this growth was partially offset by C&I loans down $19.8 million, or 5.6%. In addition, consumer loans were up $10.3 million, or 19.1%. These portfolio increases were partially offset by residential real estate loans down $12.9 million, or 2.9%.
  • Despite $18.3 million of secondary market loan purchases during the fourth quarter of 2020, the net decrease in residential real estate loans was the result of a continued substantially higher level of prepayments due to lower interest rates that led to another strong mortgage refinance quarter. As a result of the exit of the Company’s mortgage banking activities that concluded in the first quarter of 2020 and the desire to manage loan run-off within its residential mortgage loan portfolio, the Company commenced buying first lien residential mortgage loans on a servicing released basis during the third quarter of 2020.
  • Despite a strong commercial loan pipeline and $23.1 million of new loan originations during the fourth quarter of 2020, we continued to experience lower C&I line utilization as well as some unexpected loan payoffs resulting from the sale of borrower’s businesses.

Average loans were $1.88 billion for the fourth quarter of 2020, an increase of $2.4 million, or 0.01%, over average loans for the third quarter of 2020, and an increase of $166.7 million, or 9.7%, over average loans for the fourth quarter of 2019. Average portfolio loans were $1.70 billion for the fourth quarter of 2020, an increase of $11.8 million, or 0.7%, from average loans for the third quarter of 2020. Compared to the fourth quarter of 2019, average portfolio loans declined by $19.6 million, or 1.1%, with the decline primarily in residential real estate loans.

Average loans were $1.85 billion for the year 2020, an increase of $166.8 million, or 9.9%, over average loans for the year 2019. Average portfolio loans were $1.72 billion for the year 2020, an increase of $35.3 million, or 2.1%, from average loans for the year 2019. The year over year growth was primarily in commercial real estate loans, partially offset by decreased residential real estate loans.

Deposits

Total deposits were $1.98 billion at December 31, 2020, an increase of $2.7 million, or 0.1%, over the September 30, 2020 balance of $1.97 billion. Compared to December 31, 2019, total deposits grew by $261.0 million, or 15.2%. Changes in deposits were as follows:

• Customer deposits, which exclude brokered and other non-customer deposits, were $1.70 billion at December 31, 2020, compared to $1.64 billion at September 30, 2020, an increase of $57.2 million or 3.5%.
  • Low-cost, non-maturity deposits increased by $78.2 million, or 5.7%, during the fourth quarter of 2020.
  • The increase in non-maturity deposits was partially offset by the continued managed decline in customer CD balances, down $21.0 million, or 8.2%. The Company continues to manage for lower retention rates on maturing CDs with substantially higher rates than current market rates. Management’s strategy is to not offer above-market renewal rates on non-transactional, non-relationship deposits.
• Compared to December 31, 2019, customer deposits increased by $221.6 million, or 15.0%.
  • The increase in customer deposits was primarily the result of strong growth in low-cost, non-maturity deposits, which increased by $317.7 million, or 27.8%. $239.1 million of the growth was in transaction accounts, with $207.8 million of the transaction account growth was in noninterest-bearing deposits.
  • Customer CD balances declined by $96.0 million, or 29.0%.
• Brokered and other non-customer deposits were $279.4 million at December 31, 2020, compared to $333.9 million at September 30, 2020 and $240.0 million at December 31, 2019. The $54.5 million decrease during the fourth quarter of 2020 was offset by the $57.2 million increase in customer deposits. Non-customer deposits are currently the Company’s lowest-cost incremental funding source.

Average customer deposits for the fourth quarter of 2020 were $1.66 billion, an increase of $25.5 million, or 1.6%, from the third quarter 2020 average balance. Customer non-maturity deposit balances increased by $44.1 million, or 3.2%, with transaction accounts up $20.9 million; $11.0 million of the transaction account growth was in noninterest-bearing deposits. Compared to the fourth quarter of 2019, average customer deposits were up by $194.8 million, or 13.3%. Customer non-maturity deposit balances increased by $284.9 million, or 25.2%, with transaction accounts up $217.7 million; $202.8 million of the transaction account growth was in noninterest-bearing deposits.

Average customer deposits for the year 2020 were $1.60 billion, an increase of $124.2 million, or 8.4%, from the year 2019 average balance. Customer non-maturity deposit balances increased by $193.6 million, or 17.2%, with transaction accounts up $161.5 million; $170.4 million of the transaction account growth was in noninterest-bearing deposits.

Investment Securities

Investment securities available for sale were $375.4 million at December 31, 2020, a decrease of $2.1 million, or 0.5%, from the September 30, 2020 balance of $377.5 million. Compared to December 31, 2019, total investment securities available for sale grew by $159.9 million, or 74.2%. This portfolio growth was primarily the result of a leveraging strategy, implemented in the third quarter of 2020, which resulted in a $102.4 million increase in the mortgage-backed securities (“MBS”) portfolio. The leveraging strategy was designed to replace the decline in the MBS portfolio’s net interest income that resulted from the Company’s decision in the second quarter 2020 to monetize certain unrealized gains in the Company’s MBS portfolio. During the second quarter of 2020, $105 million of MBS with high prepayment speeds were identified and sold, resulting in net gains of $3.0 million. These securities were then replaced with current coupon MBS at lower yields during the second quarter of 2020. The Company also increased the MBS portfolio by $59.7 million in the first quarter of 2020.

Average investment securities available for sale for the fourth quarter of 2020 were $376.1 million, an increase of $18.3 million, or 5.1%, from the third quarter 2020 balance of $357.8 million. Compared to the fourth quarter of 2019, total investment securities available for sale grew by $184.6 million, or 96.4%. Average investment securities available for sale were $309.5 million for the year 2020, an increase of $127.1 million, or 69.7%, from the year 2019 average balance.

Exit of Mortgage Banking Activities

The Company completed its previously announced exit of mortgage banking activities during the second quarter of 2020, with no pretax income contribution in the second, third, or fourth quarters of 2020. The contribution of mortgage banking activities for the fourth quarter of 2019 and the years 2019 and 2020, which are excluded from the Company’s core results, were as follows (amounts in thousands):

* Please refer to the section entitled “Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures” and to the financial tables entitled “GAAP to Non-GAAP reconciliation” in this press release for a reconciliation of each non-GAAP financial measure to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures.

Mary Ann Scully, Chairman and CEO, commented, “The fourth quarter of 2020 represented a continuation of a number of trends seen since the middle of the first quarter. Most, if not all, are attributable to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the economy. Businesses remain stressed although most are persevering thanks to the lifelines associated with the many stimulus programs offered by federal and state governments with some of those stimulus programs delivered directly through the banking system. The partnership of government and private sector banking is one we have not always seen but it has been a critical ingredient to setting the platform for recovery. The industry, especially community leaders like Howard Bank, have truly acted as economic first responders. We are deeply proud of and grateful to our colleagues for allowing us to play this critically important leadership role which continues in the latest round of PPP lending.

Those stimulus payments, while necessary, have, however, created a challenging set of additional headwinds - the near zero interest rate environment, an excess of liquidity that both reflects and decreases commercial lending demand, and both the necessity and the opportunity to work with impacted clients through modifications and government supported loan programs.

Once again, we focus on core trends in the execution of our commercially focused strategy to allow our stakeholders to see what is constant rather than what is temporary. We discuss below our progress, as well as identify headwinds and tailwinds that we believe will guide the trajectory of future progress.

Our primary focus on ensuring tangible capital accretion through sustainable core banking activities continues. Our tangible book value increased by 9% year over year. That capital accretion is largely driven by solid operating results reflected in our Core PPNR. PPNR in the fourth quarter of 2020 grew 33% from the fourth quarter of 2019. Our PPNR to average asset ratio has improved steadily from 1.15% in 2019 to 1.38% in 2020, a 20% improvement. More is necessary but the foundational platform in place is showing the path forward. We believe that growth in capital, in turn, will provide us with the ability to manage any minor shifts in asset quality, to fund the higher loan growth we expect as disruption in our markets continues, and to potentially take advantage of capital management opportunities. Our focus on core banking activities has been reinforced with the early 2020 exit of our mortgage origination business with its inherent volatility and transactional nature (as evidenced in the level of refinancing activity seen in the marketplace) and has recently been leveraged with the redeployment of resources through talent acquisition in the contiguous Greater Washington market as well as in our core Greater Baltimore market. Our team is growing not just in numbers but in skill and network breadth and depth. This team growth is the strongest and most tangible evidence of the market share and portfolio growth to come.

While very strong origination activity of over $100 million in the fourth quarter was unable to completely offset continuing refinance pressure on the residential mortgage loan portfolio in the quarter and the year, the commercial portfolio grew modestly despite its own headwinds of historically low line utilization due to the injection of so much liquidity into the economy. The consumer loan portfolio growth shows the early successes in the consumer loan niches being selectively pursued. Most notably, the origination activity continues apace. New correspondents have been added consistent with the residential mortgage portfolio stabilization strategy. More importantly and strategically, we believe our commercial pipeline is strong and the later stages of the pipeline already shows the early but tangible impact of our Greater Washington initiative. Funding costs continued to fall due to economically driven liquidity, but complemented by our transaction account focus, management of our non-transaction account portfolio and by new customer acquisitions. This once again helped to stabilize our net interest margin and allowed net interest income to grow despite the temporarily flat balance sheet. Noninterest income showed signs of stabilization after the early 2020 pull back from spending. While very noisy due to litigation expenses, branch closure costs, and the non-recurring effect of enhanced accounting methodologies, noninterest expenses on a comparable basis show the consistent signs of the cost controls committed to and deployed over the last three years and will be further reduced with our recent branch reduction initiative whose costs were recorded in the fourth quarter. We had a head start on many in the industry in 2019 with our branch optimization initiative as we recognized changing customer behaviors; the additional branch closures bring the average branch deposit levels well above best practices, especially in a footprint that extends over 90 miles along the I-95 corridor. Since March of 2018, we have reduced the number of branches from a pro forma 28 to proforma 13 in March of 2021. Future PPNR and TBV growth will, we expect, be driven largely by the revenue improvements anticipated with market share gains, related balance sheet growth, and stable net interest margins as a result of funding advantages.

We firmly believe that our local leadership / policy setting differentiation remains relevant. It is certainly increasingly scarce. It tangibly demonstrates its muscle especially on the talent acquisition front. Portfolio growth generally follows team building and the team is being built. Our relationship brand will continue to assist with funding and margin compression with its transaction account focus, and we expect it to drive higher noninterest income as well with certain activities underway. And our noninterest expense to asset ratio is solid.

While very optimistic, we acknowledge the headwinds of health crises, related but recurring economic stalls, low interest rates and excess liquidity and how that drives competitor behavior. But we view those headwinds as temporary and our tailwind of talent and differentiation as sustainable.”

Earnings Conference Call

The Company will host a conference call on Thursday, January 28, 2021, at 10:00 a.m. (EDT) to discuss the results and presentation slides and to answer questions. Those who wish to participate may do so by calling 1-877-269-7756 and asking for the Howard Bancorp conference call. We encourage participants to call at least ten minutes prior to the scheduled start time so that you can be sure to be entered into the conference before it begins. You may also connect to the live conference and ask questions via an instant call-back from the automated conference host to the phone number you specify.

The Call-Back link will be available on our website at www.howardbank.com/InvestorCall until the call has ended.

A presentation will be used during the earnings call and will be available on the Investor Relations section of our website at www.howardbank.com/InvestorCall

An internet-based audio replay of the call will be available on the Investor Relations page of our website at www.howardbank.com/InvestorCall shortly following the conclusion of the call and will be available until February 26, 2021.

Company management will not be available to discuss the fourth quarter 2020 results prior to the earnings conference call.

About the Company

Howard Bancorp, Inc. is the parent company of Howard Bank, a Maryland-chartered trust company operating as a commercial bank. Headquartered in Baltimore City, Maryland, Howard Bank operates a general commercial banking business through its 15 branches located throughout the Greater Baltimore Metropolitan Area. Additional information about Howard Bancorp, Inc. and Howard Bank are available on its website at www.howardbank.com.

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This press release and statements by the Company’s management contains “forward-looking statements” as that phrase is defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward looking statements can be identified by words such as “anticipated,” “expects,” “intends,” “believes,” “may,” “likely,” “will” or other statements that indicate future periods. Such statements include, without limitation, statements regarding management’s predictions or expectations about future economic conditions, statements about the Company’s business or financial performance, as well as management’s outlook or expectations for earnings, revenues, expenses, capital levels, liquidity levels, asset quality or other future financial or business performance, strategies or expectations. Such forward-looking statements are based on various assumptions (some of which may be beyond the Company’s control) and are subject to risks and uncertainties which change over time and other factors which could cause actual results to differ materially from those currently anticipated. These risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to: the impact of the global COVID-19 pandemic on our business, including the impact of the actions taken by governmental authorities to try and contain the virus or address the impact of the virus on the United States economy (including, without limitation, the CARES Act and the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021), and the resulting effect of these items on our operations, liquidity and capital position, and on the financial condition of the Company’s borrowers and other customers; conditions in the financial markets and economic conditions generally and in the bank and non-bank financial services industries, nationally and within our local market areas, including the effects of declines in housing markets, an increase in unemployment levels and slowdowns in economic growth; the Company’s level of nonperforming assets and the costs associated with resolving problem loans including litigation and other costs; the potential inability to replace income lost from exiting our mortgage banking activities with new revenues; the impact of changes in interest rates; credit quality and strength of underlying collateral; the credit risk associated with the substantial amount of commercial real estate, construction and land development, and commercial and industrial loans in the Company’s loan portfolio; the extensive federal and state regulation, supervision and examination governing almost every aspect of the Company’s operations and potential expenses associated with complying with such regulations; possible additional loan losses and impairment of the collectability of loans; the Company’s ability to comply with applicable capital and liquidity requirements; any further impairment of the Company’s goodwill or other intangible assets; losses resulting from pending or potential litigation claims may exceed amounts accrued with respect to such matters; system failure or cybersecurity breaches of the Company’s network security; the Company’s ability to recruit and retain key employees; the effects of weather and natural disasters such as floods, droughts, wind, tornadoes and hurricanes as well as effects from geopolitical instability and man-made disasters including terrorist attacks; the effects of any reputation, credit, interest rate, market, operational, legal, liquidity, regulatory and compliance risk resulting from developments related to any of the risks discussed above; and other risks and uncertainties. Additional risks and uncertainties are contained in the “Risk Factors” and forward-looking statements disclosure in the Company’s most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K and Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q. The inclusion of this forward-looking information should not be construed as a representation by us or any person that future events, plans, or expectations contemplated by us will be achieved. Forward-looking statements are as of the date they are made, and the Company does not undertake to update any forward-looking statement, whether written or oral, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise, except as required by law.

Additional information is available at www.howardbank.com.