Edgar Filing: PRESSURE BIOSCIENCES INC

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

[X] Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2018

[ ] Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the transition period from _____________ to _____________

Commission File Number 001-38185

PRESSURE BIOSCIENCES, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Massachusetts		04-2652826
(State or other jurisdiction of		(I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization)		Identification No.)

14 Norfolk Avenue
South Easton, Massachusetts		02375
(Address of principal executive offices)		(Zip Code)

(508) 230-1828

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

[X] Yes [ ] No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).

[X] Yes [ ] No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large accelerated filer [ ]

Accelerated filer

[ ]

Non-accelerated

filer [ ]

Smaller reporting company [X]

Emerging growth company [ ]

(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. [ ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

[ ] Yes [X] No

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of November 7, 2018.

Class		Number of Shares
Common Stock, par value $.01 per share		1,751,846

TABLE OF CONTENTS

	Page

PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION	3

Item 1. Unaudited Financial Statements	3

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017	3

Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three- and Nine-Months Ended September 30, 2018 and 2017	4

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss for the Three Months and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018 and 2017	5

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Nine-Month Periods Ended September 30, 2018 and 2017	6

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements	7

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	32

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure About Market Risk	37

Item 4. Controls and Procedures	37

PART II - OTHER INFORMATION	38

Item 1. Legal Proceedings	38

Item 1A. Risk Factors	38

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	38

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities	39

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures	39

Item 5. Other Information	39

Item 6. Exhibits	40

SIGNATURES	41

PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

PRESSURE BIOSCIENCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(UNAUDITED)

	September 30, 2018			December 31, 2017
ASSETS
CURRENT ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents	$	5,919		$	81,033
Accounts receivable		374,329			206,848
Inventories, net of $139,700 reserve at September 30, 2018 and $179,600 at December 31, 2017		899,934			857,662
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		254,464			222,158
Total current assets		1,534,646			1,367,701
Intangible assets, net of amortization of $64,904 and $0, respectively		685,096			750,000
Investment in available-for-sale equity securities		16,643			19,825
Property and equipment, net		16,885			22,662
TOTAL ASSETS	$	2,253,270		$	2,160,188

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT
CURRENT LIABILITIES
Accounts payable	$	605,653		$	589,263
Accrued employee compensation		372,402			368,700
Accrued professional fees and other		942,077			800,620
Other current liabilities		1,041,193			1,536,507
Deferred revenue		161,301			263,106
Revolving note payable		-			3,500,000
Related party convertible debt, net of debt discount of $0 and $31,372, respectively		-			259,762
Convertible debt, net of unamortized debt discounts of $239,872 and $401,856, respectively		3,619,565			8,028,014
Other debt, net of unamortized discounts of $6,343 and $48,194, respectively		663,184			1,379,863
Related party other debt		22,500			-
Total current liabilities		7,427,875			16,725,835
LONG TERM LIABILITIES
Deferred revenue		44,356			57,149
TOTAL LIABILITIES		7,472,231			16,782,984
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Note 5)
STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT
Series D Convertible Preferred Stock, $.01 par value; 850 shares authorized; 300 shares issued and outstanding on September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively (Liquidation value of $300,000)		3			3
Series G Convertible Preferred Stock, $.01 par value; 240,000 shares authorized; 80,570 shares issued and outstanding on September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively		806			806
Series H Convertible Preferred Stock, $.01 par value; 10,000 shares authorized; 10,000 shares issued and outstanding on September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively		100			100
Series H2 Convertible Preferred Stock, $.01 par value; 21 shares authorized; 21 shares issued and outstanding on September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively		-			-
Series J Convertible Preferred Stock, $.01 par value; 6,250 shares authorized; 3,458 shares issued and outstanding on September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively		35			35
Series K Convertible Preferred Stock, $.01 par value; 15,000 shares authorized; 6,880 shares issued and outstanding on September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively		68			68
Series AA Convertible Preferred Stock, $.01 par value; 10,000 shares authorized; 5,655 and 0 shares issued and outstanding on September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively		57			-
Common stock, $.01 par value; 100,000,000 shares authorized; 1,657,136 and 1,342,858 shares issued and outstanding on September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively		16,571			13,429
Warrants to acquire common stock		18,290,689			9,878,513
Additional paid-in capital		38,516,869			30,833,549
Accumulated deficit		(62,044,159	)		(55,349,299	)
Total stockholders’ deficit		(5,218,961	)		(14,622,796	)
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT	$	2,253,270		$	2,160,188

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements

PRESSURE BIOSCIENCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(UNAUDITED)

	For the Three Months Ended September 30,						For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
Revenue:
Products, services, other	$	461,017		$	603,726		$	1,664,679		$	1,610,124
Grant revenue		60,749			42,335			106,634			127,666
Total revenue		521,766			646,061			1,771,313			1,737,790

Costs and expenses:
Cost of products and services		234,320			328,743			829,155			852,039
Research and development		262,054			239,326			910,862			744,565
Selling and marketing		223,286			301,676			722,696			814,796
General and administrative		735,505			901,588			2,270,953			2,655,054
Total operating costs and expenses		1,455,165			1,771,333			4,733,666			5,066,454

Operating loss		(933,399	)		(1,125,272	)		(2,962,353	)		(3,328,664	)

Other expense:
Interest expense		(733,209	)		(1,554,379	)		(3,015,596	)		(4,431,950	)
Other expense		(1,283	)		-			(15,595	)		(7,108	)
(Loss) gain on extinguishment of debt		(140,765	)		90,862			335,132			90,862
Incentive shares/warrants		-			-			(663,130	)		(186,802	)
Change in fair value of derivative liabilities		-			245,213			-			(26,014	)
Total other (expense) income		(875,257	)		(1,218,304	)		(3,359,189	)		(4,561,012	)

Net loss		(1,808,656	)		(2,343,576	)		(6,321,542	)		(7,889,676	)
Deemed dividend on down round feature		-			-			(213,012	)		-
Deemed dividend on beneficial conversion feature		(1,146,280	)		-			(11,678,571	)		-
Preferred stock dividends		(277,439	)		-			(373,318	)		-
Net loss attributable to common stockholders	$	(3,232,375	)	$	(2,343,576	)	$	(18,586,443	)	$	(7,889,676	)
Basic and diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders	$	(2.01	)	$	(2.07	)	$	(12.67	)	$	(7.28	)

Weighted average common stock shares outstanding used in the basic and diluted net loss per share calculation		1,606,575			1,133,791			1,466,424			1,084,370

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements

PRESSURE BIOSCIENCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

(UNAUDITED)

	For the Three Months Ended						For the Nine Months Ended
	September 30,						September 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
Comprehensive Loss

Net loss	$	(1,808,656	)	$	(2,343,576	)	$	(6,321,542	)	$	(7,889,676	)

Other comprehensive loss
Unrealized income on marketable securities		-			-			-			6,190

Comprehensive loss	$	(1,808,656	)	$	(2,343,576	)	$	(6,321,542	)	$	(7,883,486	)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements

PRESSURE BIOSCIENCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(UNAUDITED)

	For the Nine Months Ended
	September 30,
	2018			2017
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net loss	$	(6,321,542	)	$	(7,889,676	)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Common stock issued for debt extension		33,218			10,000
Depreciation and amortization		70,681			7,027
Accretion of interest and amortization of debt discount		1,405,490			3,548,244
Issuance of incentive shares and common stock warrants		663,130			186,802
Inventory reserve recovery		(39,900	)		-
Gain on extinguishment of debt		(335,132	)		(90,862	)
Stock-based compensation expense		299,584			318,910
Amortization of third party fees paid in common stock and warrants		-			46,558
Shares issued with debt		7,800			-
Change in fair value of derivative liabilities		-			26,014
Impairment loss on investment		3,182			6,069
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable		(167,481	)		(266,996	)
Inventories		(2,372	)		(217,498	)
Prepaid expenses and other assets		141,214			111,748
Accounts payable		16,390			445,924
Accrued employee compensation		3,702			49,079
Deferred revenue and other accrued expenses		606,454			618,890
Net cash used in operating activities		(3,615,582	)		(3,089,767	)

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Purchases of property plant and equipment		-			(16,617	)
Net cash used in investing activities		-			(16,617	)

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Net proceeds from revolving note payable		460,000			2,070,000
Net proceeds from warrant exercises		-			140,215
Net proceeds from Series AA convertible preferred stock		1,255,463			-
Net proceeds from convertible debt		3,848,484			-
Net proceeds from non-convertible debt – third party		1,595,901			2,400,752
Net proceeds from non-convertible debt – related party		116,100			-
Payments on convertible debt		(2,097,750	)		(840,541	)
Payments on non-convertible debt		(1,579,130	)		(783,682	)
Payments on non-convertible debt – related party		(58,600	)		-
Net cash provided by financing activities		3,540,468			2,986,744

NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH		(75,114	)		(119,640	)
CASH AT BEGINNING OF YEAR		81,033			138,363
CASH AT END OF PERIOD	$	5,919		$	18,723

SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION
Interest paid in cash	$	856,562		$	282,906
Income taxes paid		-			-
NON CASH TRANSACTIONS:
Common stock issued in lieu of cash for interest		201,432			185,603
Common stock issued for services to be rendered		173,520			-
Common stock issued with debt		222,272			321,127
Discount from warrants issued with convertible debt		162,023			668,544
Discount from one-time interest		169,500			225,000
Unrealized gain from available-for-sale equity securities		-			6,190
Preferred stock dividends		373,318			-
Conversion of debt into preferred stock		12,688,634			-
Conversion of preferred stock into common stock		-			55,200
Contingent beneficial conversion feature on convertible note		253,000			-
Deemed dividend-triggered down round feature		213,012			-
Deemed dividend-beneficial conversion feature		11,678,571			-
Derivative liability released upon warrant exercise		-			49,327
Reclassification of derivative liabilities to equity and cumulative effect of adoption of ASU 2017-11		-			1,689,386

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements

PRESSURE BIOSCIENCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

SEPTEMBER 30, 2018

(UNAUDITED)

Business Overview, Liquidity and Management Plans

Pressure BioSciences, Inc. (“we”, “our”, “the Company”) is focused on solving the challenging problems inherent in biological sample preparation, a crucial laboratory step performed by scientists worldwide working in biological life sciences research. Sample preparation is a term that refers to a wide range of activities that precede most forms of scientific analysis. Sample preparation is often complex, time-consuming, and in our belief, one of the most error-prone steps of scientific research. It is a widely-used laboratory undertaking, the requirements of which drive what we believe is a large and growing worldwide market. We have developed and patented a novel, enabling technology platform that can control the sample preparation process. It is based on harnessing the unique properties of high hydrostatic pressure. This process, called pressure cycling technology, or PCT, uses alternating cycles of hydrostatic pressure between ambient and ultra-high levels (45,000 psi or greater) to safely, conveniently and reproducibly control the actions of molecules in biological samples, such as cells and tissues from human, animal, plant, and microbial sources.

Our pressure cycling technology uses internally developed instrumentation that is capable of cycling pressure between ambient and ultra-high levels - at controlled temperatures and specific time intervals - to rapidly and repeatedly control the interactions of bio-molecules, such as DNA, RNA, proteins, lipids, and small molecules. Our laboratory instrument, the Barocycler®, and our internally developed consumables product line, including PULSE® (Pressure Used to Lyse Samples for Extraction) Tubes, other processing tubes, and application specific kits (which include consumable products and reagents) together make up our PCT Sample Preparation System, or PCT SPS.

In 2015, together with an investment bank, we formed a subsidiary called Pressure BioSciences Europe (“PBI Europe”) in Poland. We have 49% ownership interest with the investment bank retaining 51%. As of now, PBI Europe does not have any operating activities and we cannot reasonably predict when operations will commence. Therefore, we do not have control of the subsidiary and did not consolidate in our financial statements. PBI Europe did not have any operations in the nine months ended September 30, 2018 or in fiscal year 2017.

Going Concern

The accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern, which contemplates the realization of assets and the liquidation of liabilities in the normal course of business. However, we have experienced negative cash flows from operations with respect to our pressure cycling technology business since our inception. As of September 30, 2018, we do not have adequate working capital resources to satisfy our current liabilities and as a result, there is substantial doubt regarding our ability to continue as a going concern. We have been successful in raising cash through debt and equity offerings in the past and as described in Notes 6 and 7. In addition we raised cash through equity and debt financing after September 30, 2018 as described in Note 8. We have financing efforts in place to continue to raise cash through debt and equity offerings. Although we have successfully completed financings and reduced expenses in the past, we cannot assure you that our plans to address these matters in the future will be successful. These financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from this uncertainty.

In August 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2014-15, Presentation of Financial Statements-Going Concern (Subtopic 205-40): Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern. (“ASU 2015-14”). Under the new standard, management must evaluate whether there are conditions or events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued. This evaluation initially does not take into consideration the potential mitigating effect of management’s plans that have not been fully implemented as of the date the financial statements are issued. When substantial doubt exists under this methodology, management evaluates whether the mitigating effect of its plans sufficiently alleviates substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The mitigating effect of management’s plans, however, is only considered if both (1) it is probable that the plans will be effectively implemented within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued, and (2) it is probable that the plans, when implemented, will mitigate the relevant conditions or events that raise substantial doubt about the entity’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued. This standard was adopted by the Company at January 1, 2017.

Interim Financial Reporting

The accompanying unaudited consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2017, which was derived from audited financial statements, and the unaudited interim consolidated financial statements of Pressure BioSciences, Inc. have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“generally accepted accounting principles” or “GAAP”) for interim financial information. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all material adjustments (consisting of only normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2018 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2018. For further information, refer to the audited consolidated financial statements and footnotes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (the “Form 10-K”) for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2017 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 2, 2018.

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Pressure BioSciences, Inc., and its wholly-owned subsidiary PBI BioSeq, Inc. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Reclassifications

Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to our current year presentation.

Recent Accounting Standards

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). The new standard requires the recognition of assets and liabilities arising from lease transactions on the balance sheet and the disclosure of key information about leasing arrangements. Accordingly, a lessee will recognize a lease asset for its right to use the underlying asset and a lease liability for the corresponding lease obligation. Both the asset and liability will initially be measured at the present value of the future minimum lease payments over the lease term. Subsequent measurement, including the presentation of expenses and cash flows, will depend on the classification of the lease as either finance or an operating lease. Initial costs directly attributable to negotiating and arranging the lease will be included in the asset. Lessees will also be required to provide additional qualitative and quantitative disclosures regarding the amount, timing and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. The new standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods therein. We will adopt ASC 842 effective January 1, 2019. This new guidance is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash, which requires restricted cash to be presented with cash and cash equivalents on the statement of cash flows and disclosure of how the statement of cash flows reconciles to the balance sheet if restricted cash is shown separately from cash and cash equivalents on the balance sheet. The guidance is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, and early adoption is permitted. The Company early adopted the ASU 2016-18 on January 1, 2017.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-01, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the Definition of a Business, which clarifies the definition of a business to provide additional guidance with evaluating whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions (or disposals) of assets or businesses. This ASU is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those periods. The Company early adopted the ASU 2016-18 on January 1, 2017 starting with its purchase of BaroFold assets.

In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-09, Compensation – Stock Compensation (Topic 718) Scope of Modification Accounting, which clarifies that an entity should account for the effects of a modification unless the fair value, vesting terms and classification as liability or equity of the modified and original awards do not change on the modification date. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company adopted this ASU effective on January 1, 2018, on a prospective basis which did not have a material impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

Effective January 1, 2018, the Company adopted ASU 2016-01, Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities. The standard amends various aspects of the recognition, measurement, presentation, and disclosure of financial instruments. The most significant impact to our consolidated financial statements relates to the recognition and measurement of equity investments at fair value with changes recognized in Net income. The amendment also updates certain presentation and disclosure requirements. The adoption of ASU 2016-01 did not have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements. The adoption of ASU 2016-01 will result in increased volatility in net income as changes in the fair value of available-for-sale equity investments and changes in observable prices of equity investments without readily determinable fair values will be recorded in net income.

Effective January 1, 2018, the Company adopted ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, using the modified retrospective method. This guidance supersedes nearly all existing revenue recognition guidance under US GAAP. The core principle of the guidance is that an entity should recognize revenue when it transfers promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The Company updated its accounting policy for the new standard based on a detailed review of its business and contracts. Based on the new guidance, the Company continues to recognize revenue at a point in time for the majority of its contracts with customers, which is generally when products are either shipped or delivered. Therefore, the adoption of ASC 606 did not have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.

In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-07, Compensation- Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Nonemployee Share-Based Payment Accounting as an amendment and update expanding the scope of Topic 718. The amendment specifies that Topic 718 now applies to all share-based payment transactions, even non-employee awards, in which a grantor acquires goods or services to be used or consumed in a grantor’s own operations by issuing share-based payment awards. Under the new guidance, awards to nonemployees are measured on the grant date, rather than on the earlier of the performance commitment date or the date at which the nonemployee’s performance is complete. Also, the awards would be measured by estimating the fair value of the equity instruments to be issued, rather than the fair value of the goods or services received or the fair value of the equity instruments issued, whichever can be measured more reliably. In addition, entities may use the expected term to measure nonemployee awards or elect to use the contractual term as the expected term, on an award-by-award basis. The new guidance is effective for the Company in annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those annual periods, with early adoption permitted. Based on the new guidance, the Company will measure its nonemployee stock awards at grant date not when the stock awards are vested. This new guidance is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

Revenue Recognition

We recognize revenue in accordance with FASB ASC 606, ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, and ASC 340-40, Other Assets and Deferred Costs—Contracts with Customers. Revenue is measured based on a consideration specified in a contract with a customer, and excludes any sales incentives and amounts collected on behalf of third parties. We enter into sales contracts that may consist of multiple distinct performance obligations where certain performance obligations of the sales contract are not delivered in one reporting period. We measure and allocate revenue according to ASC 606-10.

We identify a performance obligation as distinct if both the following criteria are true: the customer can benefit from the good or service either on its own or together with other resources that are readily available to the customer and the entity’s promise to transfer the good or service to the customer is separately identifiable from other promises in the contract. Determining the standalone selling price (“SSP”) and allocation of consideration from a contract to the individual performance obligations, and the appropriate timing of revenue recognition, is the result of significant qualitative and quantitative judgments. Management considers a variety of factors such as historical sales, usage rates, costs, and expected margin, which may vary over time depending upon the unique facts and circumstances related to each performance obligation in making these estimates. While changes in the allocation of the SSP between performance obligations will not affect the amount of total revenue recognized for a particular contract, any material changes could impact the timing of revenue recognition, which would have a material effect on our financial position and result of operations. This is because the contract consideration is allocated to each performance obligation, delivered or undelivered, at the inception of the contract based on the SSP of each distinct performance obligation.

Taxes assessed by a governmental authority that are both imposed on and concurrent with a specific revenue-producing transaction, that are collected by the Company from a customer, are excluded from revenue.

Shipping and handling costs associated with outbound freight after control over a product has transferred to a customer are accounted for as a fulfillment cost and are in included in cost of revenues as consistent with treatment in prior periods.

Our current Barocycler® instruments require a basic level of instrumentation expertise to set-up for initial operation. To support a favorable first experience for our customers, upon customer request, and for an additional fee, will send a highly trained technical representative to the customer site to install Barocyclers® that we sell, lease, or rent through our domestic sales force. The installation process includes uncrating and setting up the instrument, followed by introductory user training. Our sales arrangements do not provide our customers with a right of return. Any shipping costs billed to customers are recognized as revenue.

The majority of our instrument and consumable contracts contain pricing that is based on the market price for the product at the time of delivery. Our obligations to deliver product volumes are typically satisfied and revenue is recognized when control of the product transfers to our customers. Concurrent with the transfer of control, we typically receive the right to payment for the shipped product and the customer has significant risks and rewards of ownership of the product. Payment terms require customers to pay shortly after delivery and do not contain significant financing components.

We apply ASC 845, “Accounting for Non-Monetary Transactions”, to account for products and services sold through non-cash transactions based on the fair values of the products and services involved, where such values can be determined. Non-cash exchanges would require revenue to be recognized at recorded cost or carrying value of the assets or services sold if any of the following conditions apply:

	a)	The fair value of the asset or service involved is not determinable.

	b)	The transaction is an exchange of a product or property held for sale in the ordinary course of business for a product or property to be sold in the same line of business to facilitate sales to customers other than the parties to the exchange.

	c)	The transaction lacks commercial substance.

We currently record revenue for its non-cash transactions at recorded cost or carrying value of the assets or services sold.

In accordance with FASB ASC 840, Leases, we account for our lease agreements under the operating method. We record revenue over the life of the lease term and we record depreciation expense on a straight-line basis over the thirty-six-month estimated useful life of the Barocycler® instrument. The depreciation expense associated with assets under lease agreement is included in the “Cost of PCT products and services” line item in our accompanying consolidated statements of operations. Many of our lease and rental agreements allow the lessee to purchase the instrument at any point during the term of the agreement with partial or full credit for payments previously made. We pay all maintenance costs associated with the instrument during the term of the leases.

Revenue from government grants is recorded when expenses are incurred under the grant in accordance with the terms of the grant award.

Deferred revenue represents amounts received from grants and service contracts for which the related revenues have not been recognized because one or more of the revenue recognition criteria have not been met. Revenue from service contracts is recorded ratably over the length of the contract.

Disaggregation of revenue

In the following table, revenue is disaggregated by primary geographical market, major product line, and timing of revenue recognition.

In thousands of US dollars ($)	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
Primary geographical markets	2018		2017		2018		2017
North America		408		401		1,123		1,124
Europe		59		3		278		161
Asia		55		242		370		453
		522		646		1,771		1,738

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
Major products/services lines	2018		2017		2018		2017
Hardware		278		411		1,094		1,154
Grants		61		42		106		127
Consumables		43		85		182		200
Contract research services		80		-		147		-
Sample preparation accessories		22		47		118		121
Technical support/extended service contracts		20		35		70		78
Shipping and handling		10		17		38		38
Other		8		9		16		20
		522		646		1,771		1,738

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
Timing of revenue recognition	2018		2017		2018		2017
Products transferred at a point in time		362		560		1,546		1,546
Products and services transferred over time		160		86		225		192
		522		646		1,771		1,738

Contract balances

In thousands of US dollars ($)	September 30, 2018		December 31, 2017
Receivables, which are included in ‘Accounts Receivable’		374		207
Contract liabilities (deferred revenue)		206		320

Transaction price allocated to the remaining performance obligations

The following table includes estimated revenue expected to be recognized in the future related to performance obligations that are unsatisfied (or partially unsatisfied) at the end of the reporting period.

In thousands of US dollars ($)		2018				2019				2020				Total
Extended warranty service			7				199				-				206

All consideration from contracts with customers is included in the amounts presented above.

Contract Costs

The Company recognizes the incremental costs of obtaining contracts as an expense when incurred if the amortization period of the assets that the Company otherwise would have recognized is one year or less. These costs are included in selling, general, and administrative expenses. The costs to obtain a contract are recorded immediately in the period when the revenue is recognized either upon shipment or installation. The costs to obtain a service contract are considered immaterial when spread over the life of the contract so the Company records the costs immediately upon billing.

Use of Estimates

To prepare our consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, we are required to make significant estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. In addition, significant estimates were made in projecting future cash flows to quantify deferred tax assets, the costs associated with fulfilling our warranty obligations for the instruments that we sell, and the estimates employed in our calculation of fair value of stock options awarded and warrant derivative liability. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results could differ from the estimates and assumptions used.

Concentrations

Credit Risk

Our financial instruments that potentially subject us to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash, cash equivalents, and trade receivables. We have cash investment policies which, among other things, limit investments to investment-grade securities. We perform ongoing credit evaluations of our customers, and the risk with respect to trade receivables is further mitigated by the fact that many of our customers are government institutions, large pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies, and academic laboratories.

The following table illustrates the level of concentration as a percentage of total revenues during the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017.

	For the Three Months Ended
	September 30,
	2018			2017
Top Five Customers		59	%		73	%
Federal Agencies		12	%		30	%

	For the Nine Months Ended
	September 30,
	2018			2017
Top Five Customers		36	%		38	%
Federal Agencies		10	%		19	%

The following table illustrates the level of concentration as a percentage of net accounts receivable balance as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017. The Top Five Customers category may include federal agency receivable balances if applicable.

	September 30, 2018			December, 31, 2017
Top Five Customers		76	%		85	%
Federal Agencies		1	%		1	%

Product Supply

CBM Industries (Taunton, MA) has recently become the manufacturer of the Barocycler® 2320EXT. CBM is ISO 13485:2003 and 9001:2008 Certified. CBM provides us with precision manufacturing services that include management support services to meet our specific application and operational requirements. Among the services provided by CBM to us are:

	●	CNC Machining

	●	Contract Assembly & Kitting

	●	Component and Subassembly Design

	●	Inventory Management

	●	ISO certification

At this time, we believe that outsourcing the manufacturing of our new Barocycler® 2320EXT to CBM is the most cost-effective method for us to obtain and maintain ISO Certified, CE and CSA Marked instruments. CBM’s close proximity to our South Easton, MA facility is a significant asset enabling interactions between our Engineering, R&D, and Manufacturing groups and their counterparts at CBM. CBM was instrumental in helping PBI achieve CE Marking on our Barocycler® 2320EXT, as announced on February 2, 2017.

Although we currently manufacture and assemble the Barozyme HT48, Barocycler® HUB440, the SHREDDER SG3, and most of our consumables at our South Easton, MA facility, we plan to take advantage of the established relationship with CBM and transfer manufacturing of the entire Barocycler® product line, future instruments, and other products to CBM.

The Barocycler® NEP3229, launched in 2008, and manufactured by the BIT Group, will be phased out over the next several years and replaced by the new state-of-the-art Barocycler® HUB and Barozyme HT48 product lines.

Investment in Available-For-Sale Equity Securities

As of September 30, 2018, we held 100,250 shares of common stock of Everest Investments Holdings S.A. (“Everest”), a Polish publicly traded company listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange. We account for this investment in accordance with ASC 320 “Investments — Debt and Equity Securities” as securities available for sale. On September 30, 2018, our consolidated balance sheet reflected the fair value of our investment in Everest to be approximately $17,000, based on the closing price of Everest shares of $0.17 USD per share on that day. The carrying value of our investment in Everest common stock held will change from period to period based on the closing price of the common stock of Everest as of the balance sheet date.

Computation of Loss per Share

Basic loss per share is computed by dividing loss available to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted loss per share is computed by dividing loss available to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding plus additional common shares that would have been outstanding if dilutive potential common shares had been issued. For purposes of this calculation, convertible preferred stock, common stock dividends, and warrants and options to acquire common stock, are all considered common stock equivalents in periods in which they have a dilutive effect and are excluded from this calculation in periods in which these are anti-dilutive to our net loss.

The following table illustrates our computation of loss per share for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017:

	For the Three Months Ended						For the Nine Months Ended
	September 30,						September 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
Numerator:
Net loss	$	(1,808,656	)	$	(2,343,576	)	$	(6,321,542	)	$	(7,889,676	)
Deemed dividend on down round feature		-			-			(213,012	)		-
Deemed dividend on beneficial conversion feature		(1,146,280	)		-			(11,678,571	)		-
Preferred stock dividends		(277,439	)		-			(373,318	)		-
Net loss applicable to common shareholders	$	(3,232,375	)	$	(2,343,576	)	$	(18,586,443	)	$	(7,889,676	)

Denominator for basic and diluted loss per share:
Weighted average common stock shares outstanding		1,606,575			1,133,791			1,466,424			1,084,370

Loss per common share – basic and diluted	$	(2.01	)	$	(2.07	)	$	(12.67	)	$	(7.28	)

The following table presents securities that could potentially dilute basic loss per share in the future. For all periods presented, the potentially dilutive securities were not included in the computation of diluted loss per share because these securities would have been anti-dilutive to our net loss. The Series D Convertible Preferred Stock, Series G Convertible Preferred Stock, Series H Convertible Preferred Stock, Series H2 Convertible Preferred Stock, Series J Convertible Preferred Stock and Series K Convertible Preferred Stock are presented below as if they were converted into common shares according to the conversion terms.

	As of September 30,
	2018		2017
Stock options		341,790		249,636
Convertible debt		361,391		828,870
Common stock warrants		6,769,607		902,033
Convertible preferred stock:
Series D Convertible Preferred Stock		25,000		25,000
Series G Convertible Preferred Stock		26,857		26,857
Series H Convertible Preferred Stock		33,334		33,334
Series H2 Convertible Preferred Stock		70,000		70,000
Series J Convertible Preferred Stock		115,267		115,267
Series K Convertible Preferred Stock		229,334		227,200
Series AA Convertible Preferred Stock		5,655,454		-
		13,628,034		2,478,197

Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation Expense

We maintain equity compensation plans under which incentive stock options and non-qualified stock options are granted to employees, independent members of our Board of Directors and outside consultants. We recognize stock-based compensation expense over the requisite service period using the Black-Scholes formula to estimate the fair value of the stock options on the date of grant.

Determining Fair Value of Stock Option Grants

Valuation and Amortization Method - The fair value of each option award is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes pricing model based on certain assumptions. The estimated fair value of employee stock options is amortized to expense using the straight-line method over the vesting period.

Expected Term - The Company uses the simplified calculation of expected life, as the Company does not currently have sufficient historical exercise data on which to base an estimate of expected term. Using this method, the expected term is determined using the average of the vesting period and the contractual life of the stock options granted.

Expected Volatility - Expected volatility is based on the Company’s historical stock volatility data over the expected term of the award.

Risk-Free Interest Rate - The Company bases the risk-free interest rate used in the Black-Scholes valuation method on the implied yield currently available on U.S. Treasury zero-coupon issues with an equivalent remaining term.

Forfeitures - The Company records stock-based compensation expense only for those awards that are expected to vest. The Company estimated a forfeiture rate of 5% for awards granted based on historical experience and future expectations of options vesting. The Company used this historical rate as our assumption in calculating future stock-based compensation expense.

The Company recognized stock-based compensation expense of $151,314 and $139,399 for the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The Company recognized stock-based compensation expense of $299,584 and $318,910 for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The following table summarizes the effect of this stock-based compensation expense within each of the line items of our costs and expenses within our Consolidated Statements of Operations:

	For the Three Months Ended				For the Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2018		2017		2018		2017
Cost of products and services	$	4,698	$	-	$	4,698	$	-
Research and development		28,444		37,345		59,592		76,263
Selling and marketing		11,822		21,778		26,298		46,112
General and administrative		106,350		80,276		208,996		196,535
Total stock-based compensation expense	$	151,314	$	139,399	$	299,584	$	318,910

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Due to their short maturities, the carrying amounts for cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and accrued expenses approximate their fair value. Long-term liabilities are primarily related to convertible debentures and deferred revenue with carrying values that approximate fair value.

The issuances of our convertible promissory notes and common stock purchase warrant are accounted for under the fair value and relative fair value method.

The warrant is first analyzed per its terms as to whether it has derivative features or not. If the warrant is determined to be a derivative, then it is measured at fair value using the Black Scholes Option Model and recorded as a liability on the balance sheet. The warrant is re-measured at its then current fair value at each subsequent reporting date (it is “marked-to-market”).

If the warrant is determined to not have derivative features, it is recorded into equity at its fair value using the Black Scholes option model, however, limited to a relative fair value based upon the percentage of its fair value to the total fair value including the fair value of the convertible note.

The convertible note is recorded at its fair value, limited to a relative fair value based upon the percentage of its fair value to the total fair value including the fair value of the warrant. Further, the convertible promissory note is examined for any intrinsic beneficial conversion feature (“BCF”) of which the convertible price of the note is less than the closing stock price on date of issuance. If the relative fair value method is used to value the convertible promissory note and there is an intrinsic BCF, a further analysis is undertaken of the BCF using an effective conversion price which assumes the conversion price is the relative fair value divided by the number of shares the convertible debt is converted into by its terms. The adjusted BCF value is accounted for as equity.

The warrant and BCF relative fair values are also recorded as a discount to the convertible promissory notes. At present, these equity features of the convertible promissory notes have been recorded at a discount to the convertible notes that is substantially equal to the proceeds received.

Fair Value Measurements

The Company follows the guidance of FASB ASC Topic 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures” (“ASC 820”) as it related to all financial assets and financial liabilities that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis.

In determining the fair value of its assets and liabilities, the Company uses various valuation approaches. The Company employs a hierarchy for inputs used in measuring fair value that maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs by requiring that observable inputs be used when available. Observable inputs are inputs that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability based on market data obtained from sources independent of the Company. Unobservable inputs are inputs that reflect the Company’s assumptions about the inputs that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability and are developed based on the best information available in the circumstances. The fair value hierarchy is broken down into three levels based on the source of inputs as follows:

Level 1 – Valuations based on unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability to access.

Level 2–Valuations based on quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active and models for which all significant inputs are observable, either directly or indirectly.

Level 3 – Valuations based on inputs that are unobservable and significant to the overall fair value measurement.

Financial assets and liabilities are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The Company has determined that its financial assets are classified within Level 1 and its financial liabilities are currently classified within Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy. The development of the unobservable inputs for Level 3 fair value measurements and fair value calculations are the responsibility of the Company’s management.

Adoption of ASU 2017-11

The Company changed its method of accounting for the Debentures, Debenture Warrants and Series D Warrants through the early adoption of ASU 2017-11 during the year ended December 31, 2017 on a modified retrospective basis. Accordingly, the Company reclassified the warrant derivative and conversion option derivative liabilities to additional paid in capital on its January 1, 2017 consolidated balance sheets totaling approximately $2.6 million, reduced debt discount by approximately $0.9 million and recorded the cumulative effect of the adoption to the beginning balance of accumulated deficit of approximately $2.4 million. This resulted to an increase in stock warrants by $2.6 million and additional paid-in capital by $1.4 million. The following table provides a reconciliation of the warrant derivative liability, convertible debt, conversion option derivative liability, stock warrant, additional paid-in capital and accumulated deficit on the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2016:

	Convertible debt, current portion		Convertible debt, long term portion		Warrant Derivative Liability			Conversion Option Liability			Warrants to acquire common stock		Additional Paid-in Capital		Accumulated deficit
Balance, January 1, 2017 (Prior to adoption of ASU 2017-11)	$	4,005,702	$	529,742	$	1,685,108		$	951,059		$	6,325,102	$	27,544,265	$	(42,264,190	)
Reclassified derivative liabilities and cumulative effect of adoption		769,316		154,152		(1,685,108	)		(951,059	)		2,636,236		1,446,011		(2,369,548	)
Balance, January 1, 2017 (After adoption of ASU 2017-11)	$	4,775,018	$	683,894	$	-		$	-		$	8,961,338	$	28,990,276	$	(44,633,738	)

The following tables set forth the Company’s financial assets and liabilities that were accounted for at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2018:

			Fair value measurements at September 30, 2018 using:
	September 30, 2018		Quoted prices in active markets (Level 1)		Significant other observable inputs (Level 2)		Significant unobservable inputs (Level 3)
Available-For-Sale Equity Securities		16,643		16,643		-		-
Total Financial Assets	$	16,643	$	16,643	$	-	$	-

The following tables set forth the Company’s financial assets and liabilities that were accounted for at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2017:

			Fair value measurements at December 31, 2017 using:
	December 31, 2017		Quoted prices in active markets (Level 1)		Significant other observable inputs (Level 2)		Significant unobservable inputs (Level 3)
Available-For-Sale Equity Securities		19,825		19,825		-		-
Total Financial Assets	$	19,825	$	19,825	$	-	$	-

Commitments and Contingencies

Operating Leases

Our corporate office is currently located at 14 Norfolk Avenue, South Easton, Massachusetts 02375. We are currently paying $6,950 per month, on a lease extension, signed on December 29, 2017, that expires December 31, 2018, for our corporate office. We expanded our space to include offices, warehouse and a loading dock on the first floor starting May 1, 2017 with a monthly rent increase already reflected in the current payments.

We extended our lease for our space in Medford, MA to December 30, 2020. The lease requires monthly payments of $6,912.75 subject to annual cost of living increases. The lease shall be automatically extended for additional three years unless either party terminates at least six months prior to the expiration of the current lease term.

Rental costs are expensed as incurred. During the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 we incurred $137,074 and $112,438 in rent expense, respectively for the use of our corporate office and research and development facilities.

Following is a schedule by years of future minimum rental payments required under operating leases with initial or remaining non-cancelable lease terms in excess of one year as of September 30, 2018:

2018	$	41,588
2019		82,953
2020		82,953
2021		-
Thereafter		-
	$	207,494

Government Grants

We received a $1.02 million NIH SBIR Phase II Grant in November 2014. Under the grant, the NIH has committed to pay the Company to develop a high-throughput, high pressure-based DNA Shearing System for Next Generation Sequencing and other genomic applications. In March 2018, we received an extension on the SBIR Phase II grant to utilize unused funds until November 30, 2018.

Convertible Debt and Other Debt

Conversion of Notes

We issued 5,075.40 shares of our Series AA Convertible Preferred Stock in satisfaction of $12,688,634 of convertible promissory notes, Revolving Note and short-term loans issued:

	Debt converted to stock
Current liabilities
Convertible Debentures, face value	$	6,962,634
Revolving Note with interest		4,750,000
May 19, 2017 Promissory Note with interest		750,000
Other Notes with interest		226,000
Total debt converted in the second quarter of 2018	$	12,688,634

Senior Secured Convertible Debentures and Warrants

We entered into Subscription Agreements (the “Subscription Agreement”) with various individuals (each, a “Purchaser”) between July 23, 2015 and March 31, 2016, pursuant to which the Company sold Senior Secured Convertible Debentures (the “Debentures”) and warrants to purchase shares of common stock equal to 50% of the number of shares issuable pursuant to the subscription amount (the “Warrants”) for an aggregate purchase price of $6,329,549 (the “Purchase Price”).

The Company issued a principal aggregate amount of $6,962,634 in Debentures which includes a 10% original issue discount on the Purchase Price. The Debenture does not accrue any additional interest during the first year it is outstanding but accrues interest at a rate equal to 10% per annum for the second year it is outstanding. The Debenture has a maturity date of two years from issuance. The Debenture is convertible any time after its issuance date. The Purchaser has the right to convert the Debenture into shares of the Company’s common stock at a fixed conversion price equal to $8.40 per share, subject to applicable adjustments. In the second year that the Debenture is outstanding, any interest accrued shall be payable quarterly in either cash or common stock, at the Company’s discretion.

In connection with the Debentures issued, the Company issued warrants exercisable into a total of 376,759 shares of our common stock. The Warrants issued in this transaction are immediately exercisable at an exercise price of $12.00 per share, subject to applicable adjustments including full ratchet anti-dilution if we issue any securities at a price lower than the exercise price then in effect. The Warrants have an expiration period of five years from the original issue date. The Warrants are subject to adjustment for stock splits, stock dividends or recapitalizations and also include anti-dilution price protection for subsequent equity sales below the exercise price.

On May 2, 2018, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement with an existing shareholder pursuant to which the Company sold an aggregate of 100 shares of Series AA Convertible Preferred Stock for an aggregate Purchase Price of $250,000. We issued to the shareholder a new warrant to purchase 100,000 shares of common stock with an exercise price of $3.50 per share.

The Company, pursuant to a price protection provision triggered on May 2, 2018 with the sale of Series AA units, amended the Debentures and Warrants to purchase Common Stock held by the Debenture Holders entered into between July 22, 2015 and March 31, 2016 as first disclosed in the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 28, 2015. The fair value of $207,899 relating to the reduction in exercise price was treated as a deemed dividend and recorded as a charge against additional paid-in capital within equity. The amended Debenture conversion price was exempt from revaluation because a beneficial conversion feature had already been recorded on the Debenture at issuance.

Subject to the terms and conditions of the Warrants, at any time commencing six months from the Final Closing, the Company has the right to call the Warrants for cancellation if the volume weighted average price of its Common Stock on the OTCQB (or other primary trading market or exchange on which the Common Stock is then traded) equals or exceeds three times the per share exercise price of the Warrants for 15 out of 20 consecutive trading days.

In connection with the Subscription Agreement and Debenture, the Company entered into Security Agreements with the Purchasers whereby the Company agreed to grant to Purchasers an unconditional and continuing, first priority security interest in all of the assets and property of the Company to secure the prompt payment, performance and discharge in full of all of Company’s obligations under the Debentures, Warrants and the other Transaction Documents. On May 14 and June 11, 2018, the Company signed letter agreements with the Debenture holders as explained below that discharged all of the Company’s obligations within the Debenture Agreement.

Conversion of Debentures

On May 14, 2018, we entered into letter agreements (the “Letter Agreements”) with 22 investors (each a “Debenture Holder” and together the “Debenture Holders”) holding convertible debentures (collectively the “Debentures”) and warrants to purchase common stock (the “Debenture Warrants”) whereby the Debenture Holders agreed to convert a total of $6,220,500 in principal and original issue discount due them under the Debentures into 2,448.20 shares of Series AA Convertible Preferred Stock with a conversion price of $2.50 per share. The Debenture Holders were also: (a) issued amended Debenture Warrants such that the exercise price will be $3.50 per share; and (b) issued a new warrant with an exercise price of $3.50 per share to purchase 2,448,200 shares of common stock (the number of shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of the Series AA Convertible Preferred Stock shares received as a result of the Debenture conversions). The Debenture Holders also agreed to waive any and all defaults or events of default by the Company with respect to any failure by the Company to comply with any covenants contained in the Debentures. The fair value of $29,865 relating to the adjustment in exercise price was treated as a loan modification and recorded as a gain toward the extinguishment of debt.

On June 11, 2018, the Company entered into additional Letter Agreements with 15 Debenture Holders whereby the Debenture Holders agreed to convert a total of $742,134 in principal and original issue discount due them under the Debentures into 296.80 shares of Series AA Convertible Preferred Stock with a conversion price of $2.50 per share. The Debenture Holders were also: (a) issued amended Debenture Warrants such that the exercise price will be $3.50 per share; and (b) issued a new warrant with an exercise price of $3.50 per share to purchase 296,800 shares of common stock (the number of shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of the Series AA Convertible Preferred Stock shares received as a result of the Debenture conversions). The Debenture Holders also agreed to waive any and all defaults or events of default by the Company with respect to any failure by the Company to comply with any covenants contained in the Debentures. The fair value of $3,155 relating to the adjustment in exercise price was treated as a loan modification and recorded as a gain toward the extinguishment of debt.

In connection with the above Debenture conversions and cancellation of the debt term, the Company recorded the full amount of the remaining unamortized Debenture discounts of $157,908 as interest expense by June 11, 2018. The Company recorded $287,676 of the Debenture discounts during 2018 through the cancellation date of June 11, 2018.

On various dates for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company issued 56,007 shares of common stock based on the 10-day VWAP prior to quarter end to holders of the Debentures in payment of the quarterly interest accrued from the Debentures first anniversary date through June 11, 2018 for an aggregate amount of $211,047. We recognized a $9,615 gain on extinguishment of debt for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 by calculating the difference of the shares valued on the issuance date and the amount of accrued interest through June 11, 2018.

Other convertible notes

The Company, pursuant to a price protection provision triggered on May 2, 2018 with the sale of Series AA units, amended the conversion price of a March 12, 2018 loan to $2.50 per share. The fair value of $253,000, limited to the face value of the loan, relating to the reset in the conversion price was recorded as a debt discount and amortized as interest expense over the remaining loan term.

On various dates during the nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company issued convertible notes for net proceeds of $3,848,484 which contained varied terms and conditions as follows: a) maturity dates ranging from 3 to 12 months; b) interest rates that accrue per annum ranging from 4% to 15%; c) convertible to the Company’s common stock at issuance at a fixed rate of $7.50 or convertible at variable conversion rates either after 6 months after issuance or in the event of a default. Certain of these notes were issued with shares of common stock or warrants to purchase common stock that were fair valued at issuance dates. The aggregate relative fair value of $384,295 of the shares of common stock or warrants to purchase common stock issued with the notes was recorded as a debt discount and amortized over the term of the notes. We then computed the effective conversion price of the notes, noting that no beneficial conversion feature exists. We also evaluated the convertible notes for derivative liability treatment and determined that the notes did not qualify for derivative accounting treatment as of September 30, 2018.

The specific terms of the convertible notes and outstanding balances as of September 30, 2018 are listed in the tables below.

Convertible Notes

Inception Date	Term			Loan Amount		Outstanding Balance with OID			Original Issue Discount			Interest Rate			Conversion Price (Convertible at Inception Date)		Deferred Finance Fees		Discount related to fair value of conversion feature and warrants/shares
July 22, 2015		30 months	¹	$	2,398,000	$	-	⁴	$	218,000	²		10	%³	$	8.40	$	388,532	$	2,163,074
September 25, 2015		30 months	¹		1,210,000		-	⁴		110,000	²		10	%³	$	8.40		185,956		1,022,052
October 2, 2015		30 months	¹		165,000		-	⁴		15,000	²		10	%³	$	8.40		26,345		140,832
October 6, 2015		30 months	¹		33,000		-	⁴		3,000	²		10	%³	$	8.40		5,168		26,721
October 14, 2015		30 months	¹		55,000		-	⁴		5,000	²		10	%³	$	8.40		8,954		49,377
November 2, 2015		30 months	¹		275,000		-	⁴		25,000	²		10	%³	$	8.40		43,079		222,723
November 10, 2015		30 months	¹		55,000		-	⁴		5,000	²		10	%³	$	8.40		8,790		46,984
November 12, 2015		30 months	¹		236,500		-	⁴		21,500	²		10	%³	$	8.40		38,518		212,399
November 20, 2015		30 months	¹		220,000		-	⁴		20,000	²		10	%³	$	8.40		37,185		200,000
December 4, 2015		30 months	¹		187,000		-	⁴		17,000	²		10	%³	$	8.40		37,352		170,000
December 11, 2015		30 months	¹		396,000		-	⁴		36,000	²		10	%³	$	8.40		75,449		360,000
December 18, 2015		30 months	¹		60,500		-	⁴		5,500	²		10	%³	$	8.40		11,714		55,000
December 31, 2015		30 months	¹		110,000		-	⁴		10,000	²		10	%³	$	8.40		20,634		100,000
January 11, 2016		30 months	¹		110,000		-	⁴		10,000	²		10	%³	$	8.40		24,966		80,034
January 20, 2016		30 months	¹		55,000		-	⁴		5,000	²		10	%³	$	8.40		9,812		40,188
January 29, 2016		30 months	¹		330,000		-	⁴		30,000	²		10	%³	$	8.40		60,887		239,113
February 26, 2016		30 months	¹		220,000		-	⁴		20,000	²		10	%³	$	8.40		43,952		156,048
March 10, 2016		30 months	¹		137,500		-	⁴		12,500	²		10	%³	$	8.40		18,260		106,740
March 18, 2016		30 months	¹		396,000		-	⁴		36,000	²		10	%³	$	8.40		94,992		265,008
March 24, 2016		30 months	¹		117,334		-	⁴		10,667	²		10	%³	$	8.40		15,427		91,240
March 31, 2016		30 months	¹		195,670		-	⁴		17,788	²		10	%³	$	8.40		2,436		175,446
October 20, 2017		12 months			150,000		-			-			5	%	$	7.50		7,500		-
October 25, 2017		6 months			103,000		-			-			12	%		-		3,000		-
October 27, 2017		12 months			170,000		-			-			5	%		-		4,250		10,000
November 13, 2017		9 months			380,000		-			15,200			8	%	$	7.50		15,200		46,274
November 22, 2017		12 months			100,000		-			10,000			5	%		-		2,000		-
November 28, 2017		10 months			103,000		-			3,000			12	%		-		-		-
November 29, 2017		6 months			150,000		-			-			15	%	$	7.50		-		15,200
November 30, 2017		3 months			50,000		-			-			8	%	$	7.50		-		-
December 5, 2017		3 months			52,500		-			-			10	%	$	7.50		2,500		-
December 6, 2017		4 months			100,000		-			-			10	%	$	7.50		-		-
December 11, 2017		6 months			130,000		-			1,500			5	%		-		6,500		6,460
December 19, 2017		6 months			110,000		-			1,500			5	%		-		5,500		5,775
December 28, 2017		6 months			55,000		-			-			15	%	$	7.50		5,000		-
December 29, 2017		12 months			105,000		-			-			5	%		-		5,000		-
January 3, 2018		12 months			95,000		-			4,750			5	%		-		2,000		-
January 16, 2018		12 months			131,250		-			-						-		6,250		-
January 19, 2018		6 months			150,000		-			-			10	%	$	7.50		6,000		12,267
February 9, 2018		6 months			100,000		-			-			15	%	$	7.50		23,500		-
February 15, 2018		6 months			100,000		-			-			15	%	$	7.50		9,000		10,474
March 12, 2018		6 months			85,000		-			1,150			5	%		-		4,250		5,183
March 12, 2018		6 months			253,000		-			53,000			0	%		-				28,722
April 11, 2018		6 months			100,000		100,000			4,000			15	%	$	7.50		20,000		7,218
April 23, 2018		6 months			103,000		103,000			-			12	%		-		3,000		-
April 24, 2018		9 months			77,000		77,000			-			12	%	$	7.50		2,000		-
April 25, 2018		12 months			105,000		105,000			-			4	%	$	7.50		5,000		4,590
April 25, 2018		12 months			105,000		105,000			-			4	%	$	7.50		5,000		4,590
April 25, 2018		12 months			130,000		130,000			-			6	%	$	7.50		6,500		-
April 26, 2018		12 months			65,000		65,000			6,500			5	%		-		2,000		-
May 9, 2018		12 months			250,000		250,000			-			10	%	$	7.50		12,500		26,466
May 11, 2018		6 months			161,250		161,250			11,250			15	%	$	7.50		10,000		-
May 14, 2018		9 months			50,000		50,000			2,500			15	%	$	7.50		2,500		3,704
May 17, 2018		12 months			380,000		380,000			15,200			8	%	$	7.50		15,200		43,607
May 23, 2018		9 months			103,000		103,000			-			12	%		-		3,000		-
May 24, 2018		9 months			52,500		52,500			2,500			4	%		-		-		2,075
May 25, 2018		12 months			78,750		78,750			-			4	%	$	7.50		3,750		3,112
May 30, 2018		2 months			150,000		-			-			8	%	$	7.50		-		6,870
June 4, 2018		12 months			75,000		75,000			7,500			5	%		-		2,000		3,869
June 8, 2018		6 months			50,000		50,000			2,500			15	%	$	7.50		2,500		3,271
June 12, 2018		6 months			100,000		-			-			5	%	$	7.50		5,000		-
June 14, 2018		9 months			280,000		280,000			25,000			10	%		-		5,000		17,573
June 16, 2018		9 months			130,000		130,000			-			5	%		-		-		-
June 16, 2018		6 months			110,000		110,000			-			5	%		-		-		-
June 26, 2018		3 months			150,000		150,000			-			15	%	$	7.50		-		20,242
June 28, 2018		6 months			50,000		50,000			-			15	%	$	7.50		-		10,518
July 2, 2018		12 months			125,000		125,000			-			4	%		-		6,250		5,588
July 10, 2018		12 months			95,000		95,000			6,750			5	%		-		-		-
July 13, 2018		9 months			103,000		103,000			-			12	%		-		3,000		-
July 17, 2018		3 months			100,000		100,000			15,000			15	%	$	7.50		-		16,944
July 19, 2018		12 months