nv2
As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 7, 2010
1933 Act File No. 333-[ ]
1940 Act File No. 811-22435
U.S. SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
Form N-2
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þ REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 |
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o PRE-EFFECTIVE AMENDMENT NO. |
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o POST-EFFECTIVE AMENDMENT NO. |
and
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þ REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940 |
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þ AMENDMENT NO. 11 |
Kayne Anderson Energy Development Company
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)
717 Texas Avenue, Suite 3100
Houston, TX 77002
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)
Registrants Telephone Number, Including Area Code: (713) 493-2020
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David J. Shladovsky, Esq.
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Copies of Communications to: |
KA Fund Advisors, LLC
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David A. Hearth, Esq. |
1800 Avenue of the Stars, Second Floor
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Paul, Hastings, Janofsky & Walker LLP |
Los Angeles, California 90067
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55 Second Street, 24th Floor |
(Name and Address of Agent for Service)
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San Francisco, California 94105-3441 |
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(415) 856-7000 |
Approximate date of proposed public offering: From time to time after the effective date of
the Registration Statement.
If any of the securities being registered on this form will be offered on a delayed or
continuous basis in reliance on Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, other than securities
offered in connection with a dividend reinvestment plan, check the following box. þ
It is proposed that this filing will become effective (check appropriate box):
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when declared effective pursuant to section 8(c). |
If appropriate, check the following box:
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This post-effective amendment
designates a new effective date for a previously filed post-effective
amendment registration statement. |
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This Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule
462(b) under the Securities Act and the Securities Act registration statement number of the
earlier effective registration statement for the same offering is
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CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
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Proposed Maximum |
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Proposed Maximum |
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Amount of |
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Title of Securities |
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Amount Being |
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Offering |
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Aggregate |
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Registration |
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Being Registered |
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Registered(1) |
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Price per Unit |
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Offering Price(2) |
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Fee |
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Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share(3) |
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Total |
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$150,000,000 |
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$10,695 |
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(1) |
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There are being registered hereunder a presently indeterminate number of shares of common stock to be
offered on an immediate, continuous or delayed basis. |
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(2) |
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Estimated pursuant to Rule 457 solely for the purpose of determining the registration fee. In no event
will the aggregate initial offering price of all securities offered from time to time pursuant to the
prospectus included as a part of this Registration Statement exceed $150,000,000. |
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Includes shares that the underwriters have the option to purchase solely to cover over-allotments, if any. |
The Registrant hereby amends this Registration Statement on such date or dates as may be
necessary to delay its effective date until the Registrant shall file a further amendment which
specifically states that this Registration Statement shall thereafter become effective in
accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or until this Registration
Statement shall become effective on such date as the Commission, acting pursuant to said
Section 8(a), may determine.
The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell these
securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is
effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and it is not soliciting an
offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.
SUBJECT TO COMPLETION, DATED OCTOBER 7, 2010
BASE PROSPECTUS
$150,000,000
Common Stock
We are a non-diversified, closed-end management investment company that began investment
activities on September 21, 2006. Our investment objective is to generate both current income and
capital appreciation primarily through equity and debt investments. We seek to achieve this
objective by investing at least 80% of our total assets in securities of companies that derive the
majority of their revenue from activities in the energy industry (which we refer to in this
prospectus collectively as Energy Companies), consisting of: (a) Midstream Energy Companies,
(b) Upstream Energy Companies and (c) Other Energy Companies. Midstream Energy Companies are
businesses that operate assets used to gather, transport, process, treat, terminal and store
natural gas, natural gas liquids, propane, crude oil or refined petroleum products. Upstream
Energy Companies are businesses engaged in the exploration, extraction and production of natural
resources, including natural gas, natural gas liquids and crude oil, from onshore and offshore
geological reservoirs. Other Energy Companies are businesses engaged in (i) owning, leasing,
managing, producing, processing and selling of coal and coal reserves; (ii) the marine
transportation of crude oil, refined petroleum products, liquefied natural gas (LNG), as well as
other energy-related natural resources using tank vessels and bulk carriers; and (iii) refining,
marketing and distributing refined energy products, such as motor gasoline and propane, to retail
customers and industrial end-users.
We may offer, from time to time, shares of our common stock ($0.001 par value per share) in
one or more offerings. We may offer our common stock in amounts, at prices and on terms set forth
in a prospectus supplement to this prospectus. You should read this prospectus and the related
prospectus supplement carefully before you decide to invest in our common stock.
We may offer and sell our common stock to or through underwriters, through dealers or agents
that we designate from time to time, directly to purchasers or through a combination of these
methods. If an offering of securities involves any underwriters, dealers or agents, then the
applicable prospectus supplement will name the underwriters, dealers or agents and will provide
information regarding any applicable purchase price, fee, commission or discount arrangements made
with those underwriters, dealers or agents or the basis upon which such amount may be calculated.
For more information about the manners in which we may offer our securities, see Plan of
Distribution. We may not sell any of our securities through agents, underwriters or dealers
without delivery of a prospectus supplement.
(continued on the following page)
Investing in our securities may be speculative and involve a high degree of risk and should
not constitute a complete investment program. Before buying our securities, you should read the
discussion of the material risks of investing in our securities in Risk Factors beginning on
page 12 of this prospectus. You should consider carefully these risks together with all of the
other information contained in this prospectus and any prospectus supplement before making a
decision to purchase our common stock.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has
approved or disapproved of our securities or passed upon the adequacy or accuracy of this
prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
The date of this prospectus is , 2010.
(continued from previous page)
We are managed by KA Fund Advisors, LLC (KAFA), a subsidiary of Kayne Anderson Capital
Advisors, L.P. (together with KAFA, Kayne Anderson), a leading investor in Energy Companies. As
of August 31, 2010, Kayne Anderson and its affiliates managed assets of $9.7 billion, including
$8.2 billion in the securities of Energy Companies.
Shares of our common stock are listed on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) under the symbol
KED. The net asset value (NAV) of our common stock at the close of business on August 31, 2010
was $19.14 per share, and the last sale price per share of our common stock on the NYSE as of that
date was $14.59. See Market and Net Asset Value Information.
Shares of common stock of closed-end investment companies, like ours, frequently trade at a
discount to their NAV. If our common stock trades at a discount to our NAV, the risk of loss may
increase for purchasers in this offering, especially for those investors who expect to sell their
common stock in a relatively short period after purchasing shares in this offering. See Risk
Factors Additional Risks Related to Our Common Stock Market Discount From Net Asset Value
Risk.
Our common stock will be junior in liquidation and distribution rights to any debt securities
or preferred stock that we may issue. The issuance of debt securities or preferred stock by us will
represent the leveraging of our common stock. The issuance of any additional common stock offered
by this prospectus will enable us to increase the aggregate amount of our leverage. See Use of
Leverage Effects of Leverage, Risk Factors Additional Risks Related to Our Common Stock
Leverage Risk to Common Stockholders, and Description of Capital Stock.
You should read this prospectus, which contains important information about us that you should
know before deciding whether to invest, and retain it for future reference.
This prospectus is part of a registration statement that we have filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission (the SEC), using the shelf registration process. Under the shelf
registration process, we may offer, from time to time, separately or together in one or more
offerings, the securities described in this prospectus. The securities may be offered at prices and
on terms described in one or more supplements to this prospectus. This prospectus provides you with
a general description of the securities that we may offer. Each time we use this prospectus to
offer securities, we will provide a prospectus supplement that will contain specific information
about the terms of that offering. The prospectus supplement may also add, update or change
information contained in this prospectus. This prospectus, together with any prospectus supplement,
sets forth concisely the information about us that a prospective investor ought to know before
investing. You should read this prospectus and the related prospectus supplement before deciding
whether to invest and retain them for future reference. A statement of additional information,
dated [ ], 2010 (SAI), containing additional information about us, has been filed with the SEC
and is incorporated by reference in its entirety into this prospectus.
You may request a free copy of our SAI, the table of contents of which is on page [__] of this
prospectus, request a free copy of our annual, semi-annual and quarterly reports, request other
information or make stockholder inquiries by calling (713) 493-2020, or by writing to us at 717
Texas Avenue, Suite 3100, Houston, Texas 77002. Our annual, semi-annual and quarterly reports, and
the SAI, also are available on our website at www.kaynefunds.com. Information included on such
website does not form a part of this prospectus.
We file reports (including our annual, semi-annual and quarterly reports, and the SAI), proxy
statements and other information with the SEC. Such reports, proxy statements and other
information, as well as the registration statement and the amendments, exhibits and schedules
thereto, can be inspected and copied at the public reference facilities maintained by the SEC in
Washington, D.C. Information about the operation of the public reference facilities may be obtained
by calling the SEC at (202) 551-8090. Copies of such material may also be obtained from the Public
Reference Section of the SEC at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549, at prescribed rates.
You can obtain the same information free of charge from the SECs website at www.sec.gov. You may
also e-mail requests for these documents to publicinfo@sec.gov or make a request in writing to the
SECs Public Reference Section, 100 F Street, N.E., Room 1580, Washington, D.C. 20549.
Our common stock does not represent a deposit or obligation of, and is not guaranteed or
endorsed by, any bank or other insured depositor institution, and is not federally insured by the
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the Federal Reserve Board or any other governmental agency.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
You should rely only on the information contained or incorporated by reference in this
prospectus and any related prospectus supplement. We have not authorized any other person to
provide you with different information. If anyone provides you with different or inconsistent
information, you should not rely on it. We are not making an offer to sell these securities in any
jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted or where the person making the offer or sale
is not qualified to do so or to any person to whom it is not permitted to make such offer or sale.
You should assume that the information appearing in this prospectus and any prospectus supplement
is accurate only as of the respective dates on their front covers, regardless of the time of
delivery of the prospectus, any prospectus supplement or any sale of our securities. Our business,
financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since that date.
PROSPECTUS SUMMARY
This summary highlights information contained elsewhere in this prospectus. This summary does
not contain all of the information that you should consider before investing in our securities
offered by this prospectus. You should carefully read the entire prospectus, any related prospectus
supplement and the SAI, including the documents incorporated by reference into them, particularly
the section entitled Risk Factors and the financial statements and related notes. Except where
the context suggests otherwise, the terms we, us, and our refer to Kayne Anderson Energy
Development Company; KAFA or the Adviser
refers to KA Fund Advisors, LLC; Kayne Anderson refers to
KAFA and
its managing member, Kayne Anderson Capital Advisors, L.P., collectively; Energy Companies refers to companies
engaged in the energy industry, consisting of: (a) Midstream Energy Companies, (b) Upstream Energy
Companies and (c) Other Energy Companies. Midstream Energy Companies are businesses that operate
assets used to gather, transport, process, treat, terminal and store natural gas, natural gas
liquids, propane, crude oil or refined petroleum products. Upstream Energy Companies are
businesses engaged in the exploration, extraction and production of natural resources, including
natural gas, natural gas liquids and crude oil, from onshore and offshore geological reservoirs.
Other Energy Companies are businesses engaged in (i) owning, leasing, managing, producing,
processing and selling of coal and coal reserves; (ii) the marine transportation of crude oil,
refined petroleum products, liquefied natural gas, as well as other energy-related natural
resources using tank vessels and bulk carriers; and (iii) refining, marketing and distributing
refined energy products, such as motor gasoline and propane, to retail customers and industrial
end-users.
About Kayne Anderson Energy Development Company
Kayne Anderson Energy Development Company, a Maryland corporation, is a non-diversified,
closed-end investment company registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the
1940 Act). Our investment objective is to generate both current income and capital appreciation
primarily through equity and debt investments. We seek to achieve this objective by investing at
least 80% of our total assets in securities of Energy Companies. Our common stock is traded on the
New York Stock Exchange (the NYSE), under the symbol KED.
We began investment activities on September 21, 2006 following our initial public offering. As
of August 31, 2010, we had 10.2 million shares of common stock outstanding, net assets applicable
to our common stock of $196 million and total assets of $250 million.
Recent Developments
On July 7, 2010, we elected to withdraw our election to be treated as a business development
company under the 1940 Act (a BDC). As a BDC, we were subject to the requirement that 70% of our
portfolio be comprised of qualifying assets (the 70% Test). Qualifying assets generally include
securities of eligible portfolio companies (EPCs), cash, cash equivalents, U.S. government
securities and high-quality debt instruments maturing in one year or less from the time of
investment. We satisfied the 70% Test by owning EPCs, which are generally defined as private
companies with a principal place of business in the United States. Upon withdrawing our election
to be treated as a BDC, we remained a non-diversified, closed-end management investment company, or
a closed-end fund, under the 1940 Act. Our investment objective remained unchanged, but we are no
longer be required to meet the 70% Test and other provisions of the 1940 Act applicable only to
BDCs. Additionally, in connection with our withdrawal of election to be treated as a BDC, our
Investment Management Agreement with our Adviser has been amended to remove the incentive fee paid
to our Adviser.
The following table outlines certain key similarities and differences in our structure and
governance before and after the withdrawal of our election to be treated as a BDC:
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Before Withdrawal |
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After Withdrawal |
Type of Fund
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BDC
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Closed-end fund
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Governed by the 1940 Act
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Yes
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Yes
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Subject to the 70% Test
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Yes
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No
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Annual Base Management Fee(1)
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1.75% |
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1.75% |
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Incentive Management Fee
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Yes
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No
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Maximum Debt Leverage under 1940 Act
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50% |
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33% |
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Independent Directors
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Majority
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Majority
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Tax Status
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C-corporation
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C-corporation
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Distribution Policy
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Quarterly
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Quarterly
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Tax Reporting
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Form 1099-DIV
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Form 1099-DIV
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Unrelated Business Taxable Income (UBTI)
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No
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No
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(1) |
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As a percentage of average total assets |
1
Our Portfolio Investments
Under normal circumstances, we intend to invest at least 80% of our total assets in securities
of Energy Companies. Under normal market conditions, our investments will be allocated (i) between
50% and 70% in equity securities such as preferred, common and subordinated units of
non-traded entities structured as limited partnerships
(Private MLPs), (ii) between 30 and
50% in publicly traded energy-related master limited partnerships and limited liability companies
that are treated as partnerships for federal income tax purposes (Public MLPs) and (iii) between 0% and 20% in
debt of public and private Energy Companies. Private MLPs and Public MLPs are collectively
referred to herein as MLPs.
As of August 31, 2010, our long-term investments were comprised of Private MLPs (52%), Public
MLPs (32%) and debt investments (16%). As of that date, we held restricted securities with a fair
market value of $151 million. Our top 10 largest holdings by issuer as of that date were:
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Percent of |
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Public/ |
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Equity/ |
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Long-Term |
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Company |
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Private |
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Debt |
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Sector |
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($ millions) |
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Investments |
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1. |
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International Resource Partners LP |
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Private |
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Equity |
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Coal |
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74.3 |
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30.8 |
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2. |
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Direct Fuels Partners, L.P. |
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Private |
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Equity |
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Midstream |
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27.6 |
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11.5 |
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3. |
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VantaCore Partners LP |
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Private |
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Equity |
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Aggregates |
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24.2 |
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10.0 |
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4. |
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Eagle Rock Energy Partners, L.P. |
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Public |
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Equity |
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Midstream/Upstream |
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10.6 |
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4.4 |
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5. |
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Antero Resources Finance Corp. |
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Private |
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Debt |
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Upstream |
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9.8 |
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4.1 |
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6. |
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Copano Energy, L.L.C |
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Public |
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Equity |
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Midstream |
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6.7 |
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2.8 |
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7. |
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Plains All American Pipeline, L.P. |
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Public |
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Equity |
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Midstream |
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6.2 |
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2.6 |
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8. |
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ONEOK Partners, L.P. |
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Public |
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Equity |
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Midstream |
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5.3 |
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2.2 |
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9. |
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Rosetta Resources, Inc. |
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Public |
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Debt |
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Upstream |
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5.1 |
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2.1 |
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10. |
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Energy Transfer Partners, L.P. |
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Public |
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Equity |
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Midstream |
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5.1 |
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2.1 |
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About Our Investment Adviser
KAFA is our investment adviser responsible for implementing and administering our investment
strategy and is a subsidiary of Kayne Anderson Capital Advisors, L.P. (KACALP and together with
KAFA, Kayne Anderson). Both KAFA and KACALP are SEC-registered investment advisers. As of
August 31, 2010, Kayne Anderson and its affiliates managed assets of $9.7 billion, including $8.2
billion in the securities of Energy Companies. Kayne Anderson has invested in Energy Companies
since 1998. We believe that Kayne Andersons market knowledge and industry relationships enable it
to identify and capitalize on investment opportunities in the energy markets. In addition, Kayne
Andersons senior professionals have developed a strong reputation in the energy sector and have
many long-term relationships with industry managers, which we believe gives Kayne Anderson an
important advantage in sourcing and structuring Private MLPs and other private investments.
The Offering
We may offer, from time to time, up to $150,000,000 of our common stock at prices and on terms
to be set forth in one or more prospectus supplements to this prospectus.
We may offer and sell our securities to or through underwriters, through dealers or agents
that we designate from time to time, directly to purchasers, through at-the-market transactions or
through a combination of these methods. If an offering of securities involves any underwriters,
dealers or agents, then the applicable prospectus supplement will name the underwriters, dealers or
agents and will provide information regarding any applicable purchase price, fee, commission or
discount arrangements made with those underwriters, dealers or agents or the basis upon which such
amount may be calculated. See Plan of Distribution. We may not sell any of our securities through
agents, underwriters or dealers without delivery of a prospectus supplement describing the method
and terms of the offering of our securities.
2
Use of Financial Leverage
We may utilize financial leverage, which may include bank debt, other forms of borrowings and
the issuance of debt securities and preferred stock (each a Leverage Instrument and collectively,
Leverage Instruments). Under normal market conditions, we expect to utilize Leverage Instruments
in an amount that represents 20%30% of our total assets. However, based on market conditions at
the time, we may use Leverage Instruments in amounts that represent greater than 30% of our total
assets to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act. As of August 31, 2010, we had $52 million borrowed
on our $70 million senior secured revolving credit facility (the
Credit Facility), which
represented 20.8% of our total assets. We may not be leveraged at all times and the amount of
leverage, if any, may vary depending on a variety of factors, including the costs that we would
incur as a result of leverage, market conditions and available investment opportunities. Leverage
creates a greater risk of loss, as well as potential for more gain, for our common stock than if
leverage is not used. See Use of Leverage.
Because
our Advisers fee is based upon a percentage of our average
total assets, our Advisers fee is higher since we employ leverage. Therefore, our Adviser has a financial incentive
to use leverage, which may create a conflict of interest between our Adviser and our common
stockholders.
There can be no assurance that our leverage strategy will be successful during any period in
which it is used. The use of leverage involves significant risks and creates a greater risk of
loss, as well as potential for more gain, for holders of our common stock than if leverage is not
used. See Risk Factors Additional Risks Related to Our Common Stock Leverage Risk to Common
Stockholders.
Distributions and Interest
As
of the date of this prospectus, we have paid cash distributions (Distributions) to
common stockholders every fiscal quarter since inception. Cumulative Distributions paid since
inception total $5.21 per share. We intend to continue to pay quarterly Distributions to our common
stockholders. Payment of future Distributions is subject to approval by our Board of Directors, as
well as meeting the covenants of our Credit Facility and the asset coverage requirements of the
1940 Act. See Distributions and Tax Matters.
Use of Proceeds
Unless otherwise specified in a prospectus supplement, we intend to use the net proceeds of
any sales of our securities pursuant to this prospectus to make investments in portfolio companies
in accordance with our investment objective and policies, to repay indebtedness or for general
corporate purposes. Pending such investments, we anticipate either investing the proceeds in
short-term securities issued by the U.S. government or its agencies or instrumentalities or in high
quality, short-term or long-term debt obligations or money market instruments. The supplement to
this prospectus relating to an offering will more fully identify the use of proceeds from such
offering. See Use of Proceeds.
Taxation
We are treated as a corporation for federal income tax purposes and, as a result, we are subject to
corporate income tax to the extent we recognize net taxable income. As a partner in MLPs, we report
our allocable share of each MLPs taxable income or loss in computing our taxable income or loss,
whether or not we actually receive any cash from such MLPs. See Tax Matters.
3
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Certain statements in this prospectus constitute forward-looking statements, which
involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results,
levels of activity, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results,
levels of activity, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking
statements. Such factors include, among others, those listed under Risk Factors in this
prospectus and our SAI. In this prospectus, we use words such as anticipates, believes,
expects, intends and similar expressions to identify forward-looking statements.
The forward-looking statements contained in this prospectus include statements as to:
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our operating results; |
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our business prospects; |
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the impact of investments that we expect to make; |
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our contractual arrangements and relationships with third parties; |
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the dependence of our future success on the general economy and its
impact on the industries in which we invest; |
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our ability to source favorable private investments; |
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the ability of the companies in which we invest to achieve their
objectives; |
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our expected financings and investments; |
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our use of financial leverage; |
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our tax status; |
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the tax status of the MLPs in which we intend to invest; |
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the adequacy of our cash resources and working capital; and |
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the timing and amount of distributions from the MLPs in which we intend
to invest. |
The factors identified above are believed to be important factors, but not necessarily all of
the important factors, that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those
expressed in any forward-looking statement. Unpredictable or unknown factors could also have
material adverse effects on us. Since our actual results, performance or achievements could differ
materially from those expressed in, or implied by, these forward-looking statements, we cannot give
any assurance that any of the events anticipated by the forward-looking statements will occur, or,
if any of them do, what impact they will have on our results of operations and financial condition.
All forward-looking statements included in this prospectus are expressly qualified in their
entirety by the foregoing cautionary statements. You are cautioned not to place undue reliance on
these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this prospectus. We do not
undertake any obligation to update, amend or clarify these forward-looking statements or the risk
factors contained in this prospectus, whether as a result of new information, future events or
otherwise, except as may be required under the federal securities laws. Although we undertake no
obligation to revise or update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new
information, future events or otherwise, you are advised to consult any additional disclosures that
we may make directly to you or through reports that we in the future may file with the SEC,
including our annual reports. We acknowledge that, notwithstanding the foregoing statement, the
safe harbor for forward-looking statements under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of
1995 does not apply to investment companies such as us.
4
KAYNE ANDERSON ENERGY DEVELOPMENT COMPANY
We are a non-diversified, closed-end investment company registered under the 1940 Act. We
were formed as a Maryland corporation in May 2006 and began investment activities in September 2006
after our initial public offering. Our common stock is traded on the NYSE under the symbol KED.
As of August 31, 2010, we had 10.2 million common shares outstanding and $52 million borrowed
under our Credit Facility. As of August 31, 2010, we had net assets applicable to our common stock
of $196 million and total assets of $250 million.
The following table sets forth information about our outstanding securities as of August 31,
2010 (the information in the table is unaudited and amounts are in 000s):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amount of Shares/ |
|
Amount Held |
|
|
|
|
Aggregate Principal |
|
by Us or |
|
Actual Amount |
Title of Class |
|
Amount Authorized |
|
for Our Account |
|
Outstanding |
Common Stock |
|
|
200,000 |
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
10,242 |
|
Credit Facility |
|
$ |
70,000 |
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
$ |
52,000 |
|
Our principal office is located at 717 Texas Avenue, Suite 3100, Houston, Texas 77002, and our
telephone number is (713) 493-2020.
5
FEES AND EXPENSES
The following table contains information about the costs and expenses that common stockholders
will bear directly or indirectly. The Annual Expense table below is based on leverage of 25.5% of
our total assets, which represents our average leverage levels for the fiscal year ended
November 30, 2009.
|
|
|
|
|
Stockholder Transaction Expenses: |
|
|
|
|
Sales Load Paid (as a percentage of offering price)(1) |
|
|
|
% |
Offering Expenses Borne (as a percentage of offering price)(2) |
|
|
|
% |
Distribution Reinvestment Plan Fees(3) |
|
None |
|
Total Stockholder Transaction Expenses (as a percentage of offering price)(4) |
|
|
|
% |
Percentage of Net Assets Attributable to Common Stock(5)
|
|
|
|
|
Annual Expenses: |
|
|
|
|
Management Fees(6) |
|
|
2.01 |
% |
Interest Payments on Borrowed Funds |
|
|
0.84 |
% |
Other Expenses (exclusive of current and deferred income tax expense) |
|
|
1.28 |
% |
|
|
|
|
Annual Expenses (exclusive of current and deferred income tax expense) |
|
|
4.13 |
% |
Current Income Tax Expense(7) |
|
|
|
% |
Deferred Income Tax Expense(7) |
|
|
6.98 |
% |
|
|
|
|
Total Annual Expenses (including current and deferred income tax expenses) |
|
|
11.11 |
% |
(1) |
|
The sales load will apply only if the common stock to which this
prospectus relates are sold to or through underwriters. In such case,
a corresponding prospectus supplement will disclose the estimated
applicable sales load. |
|
(2) |
|
The related prospectus supplement will disclose the estimated amount
of offering expenses, the offering price and the estimated offering
expenses borne by us as a percentage of the offering price. |
|
(3) |
|
The expenses of administering our dividend reinvestment plan are
included in Other Expenses. You will pay brokerage charges if you
direct American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, as agent for our
common stockholders (the Plan Administrator), to sell your common
stock held in a dividend reinvestment account. See Dividend
Reinvestment Plan. |
|
(4) |
|
The related prospectus supplement will disclose the offering price
and the total stockholder transaction expenses as a percentage of the
offering price. |
|
(5) |
|
The annual expenses in the table are calculated using (i) such
expenses as reported on our Statement of Operations for the fiscal
year ended November 30, 2009 and (ii) our average net assets for the
fiscal year ended November 30, 2009. |
|
(6) |
|
Pursuant to the terms of the investment management agreement between
us and our Adviser, the management fee is calculated at an annual
rate of 1.75% of our average total assets (excluding net deferred
income tax assets, if any). Management fees in the table above are
calculated as a percentage of net assets attributable to common
stock, which results in a higher percentage than the percentage
attributable to average total assets. See Management Investment
Management Agreement. |
|
(7) |
|
For the fiscal year ended November 30, 2009, we recorded a current
tax benefit of $0.1 million and a net deferred tax expense of
$11.2 million attributable to our net investment income, realized
losses and unrealized gains. |
The purpose of the table above and the example below is to help you understand all fees and
expenses that you would bear directly or indirectly as a holder of our common stock. See
Management and Dividend Reinvestment Plan.
6
Example
The following example illustrates the expenses that common stockholders would pay on a $1,000
investment in our common stock, assuming total annual expenses before tax are as stated in the
Annual Expense table above for the entire period. The following example assumes that all
Distributions are reinvested at net asset value, assumes an annual rate of return of 5% on our
portfolio securities, and expenses include income tax expense associated with the 5% assumed rate
of return on such portfolio securities.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 Year |
|
|
3 Years |
|
|
5 Years |
|
|
10 Years |
|
Expenses |
|
$ |
49 |
|
|
$ |
148 |
|
|
$ |
250 |
|
|
$ |
518 |
|
THE EXAMPLE AND THE EXPENSES IN THE TABLE ABOVE SHOULD NOT BE CONSIDERED A REPRESENTATION OF
FUTURE EXPENSES. The example assumes that the estimated Annual Expenses (exclusive of current
and deferred income tax expense) set forth in the Annual Expenses table are accurate and that any
Distributions are reinvested at net asset value. ACTUAL EXPENSES (INCLUDING THE COST OF DEBT, IF
ANY, AND OTHER EXPENSES) MAY BE GREATER OR LESS THAN THOSE SHOWN. Moreover, our actual rate of
return may be greater or less than the hypothetical 5% return shown in the example.
7
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
The Financial Highlights and other financial information for the period September 21, 2006
through November 30, 2006 and for the fiscal years ended November 30, 2007, 2008 and 2009,
including the accompanying notes thereto and the report of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP thereon,
contained in our Annual Report for the year ended November 30, 2009 contained in our Form 10-K
filed with the SEC on February 16, 2010 and the Financial Highlights and other financial
information for the Six Months Ended May 31, 2010 contained in our Semi-Annual Report to
Stockholders on Form N-CSR for the six-month period ended May 31, 2010 filed with the SEC on
July 15, 2010 are each hereby incorporated by reference into, and are made part of, this
prospectus.
A copy of such Annual Report to Stockholders and such Semi-Annual Report to Stockholders each
must accompany the delivery of this prospectus.
8
SENIOR SECURITIES
Information
about our outstanding senior securities is shown in the following table as of each fiscal
year ended November 30 since we commenced operations. The information for the fiscal years ended
2007, 2008 and 2009, and for the period ended November 30, 2006 has been derived from our financial
statements which have been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, whose report thereon is included
in the financial statements incorporated by reference herein.
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Asset Coverage Per |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Amount |
|
$1,000 of Principal |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Outstanding(1) |
|
or Liquidation |
|
Average Market |
Year |
|
Title of Security |
|
($ in 000s) |
|
Preference Amount |
|
Value Per Unit(2) |
2006 |
|
N/A |
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2007 |
|
Credit Facility |
|
$ |
99,000 |
|
|
$ |
3,476 |
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2008 |
|
Credit Facility |
|
|
57,000 |
|
|
|
3,854 |
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2009 |
|
Credit Facility |
|
|
56,000 |
|
|
|
4,010 |
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Total amount of each class of senior securities outstanding at the end of the period presented. |
|
(2) |
|
Not applicable, as the Credit Facility is not registered for public trading. |
9
MARKET AND NET ASSET VALUE INFORMATION
Shares of our common stock are listed on the NYSE under the symbol KED. Our common stock
commenced trading on the NYSE on September 21, 2006.
Our common stock has traded both at a premium and at a discount in relation to its NAV. Our
issuance of common stock may have an adverse effect on prices in the secondary market for our
common stock by increasing the number of shares of common stock available, which may create
downward pressure on the market price for our common stock. See Risk Factors Additional Risks
Related to Our Common Stock Market Discount From Net Asset Value Risk.
The following table sets forth for each of the fiscal quarters indicated the range of high and
low closing sales price of our common stock and the quarter-end sales price, each as reported on
the NYSE, the NAV per share of common stock and the premium or discount to NAV per share at which
our shares were trading. NAV is generally determined on the last business day of each calendar
quarter. See Net Asset Value for information as to the determination of our NAV.
|
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|
|
Quarter-End |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Premium/ (Discount) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
of Quarter End |
|
|
Quarterly Closing Sales Price |
|
Closing |
|
NAV Per Share of |
|
Sales Price to |
|
|
High |
|
Low |
|
Sales Price |
|
Common Stock(1) |
|
NAV(2) |
Fiscal Year 2010 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Third Quarter |
|
$ |
16.42 |
|
|
$ |
13.73 |
|
|
$ |
14.59 |
|
|
$ |
19.14 |
|
|
|
(23.8 |
%) |
Second Quarter |
|
|
16.98 |
|
|
|
13.60 |
|
|
|
14.46 |
|
|
|
16.89 |
|
|
|
(14.4 |
) |
First Quarter |
|
|
15.83 |
|
|
|
13.48 |
|
|
|
15.07 |
|
|
|
17.03 |
|
|
|
(11.5 |
) |
Fiscal Year 2009 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fourth Quarter |
|
|
14.25 |
|
|
|
11.23 |
|
|
|
13.53 |
|
|
|
16.58 |
|
|
|
(18.4 |
) |
Third Quarter |
|
|
14.28 |
|
|
|
11.64 |
|
|
|
11.64 |
|
|
|
16.02 |
|
|
|
(27.3 |
) |
Second Quarter |
|
|
13.30 |
|
|
|
7.14 |
|
|
|
12.33 |
|
|
|
15.70 |
|
|
|
(21.5 |
) |
First Quarter |
|
|
12.86 |
|
|
|
6.55 |
|
|
|
9.09 |
|
|
|
15.23 |
|
|
|
(40.3 |
) |
Fiscal Year 2008 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fourth Quarter |
|
|
22.29 |
|
|
|
8.20 |
|
|
|
9.63 |
|
|
|
16.10 |
|
|
|
(40.2 |
) |
Third Quarter |
|
|
24.06 |
|
|
|
21.50 |
|
|
|
22.85 |
|
|
|
22.19 |
|
|
|
3.0 |
|
Second Quarter |
|
|
25.29 |
|
|
|
22.18 |
|
|
|
23.87 |
|
|
|
23.51 |
|
|
|
1.5 |
|
First Quarter |
|
|
24.97 |
|
|
|
21.61 |
|
|
|
23.76 |
|
|
|
23.41 |
|
|
|
1.5 |
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
NAV per share is determined as of close of business on the last day of the relevant quarter
and therefore may not reflect the NAV per share on the date of the high and low closing sales
prices, which may or may not fall on the last day of the quarter. NAV per share is calculated
as described in Net Asset Value. |
|
(2) |
|
Calculated as of the quarter-end closing sales price divided by the quarter-end NAV. |
As of August 31, 2010, we had 10.2 million shares of common stock outstanding and we had net
assets applicable to common stockholders of $196 million.
10
USE OF PROCEEDS
Unless otherwise specified in a prospectus supplement, we will use the net proceeds from any
sales of our securities pursuant to this prospectus to make investments in portfolio companies in
accordance with our investment objectives and policies, to repay indebtedness or for general
corporate purposes. The supplement to this prospectus relating to an offering will more fully
identify the use of proceeds from such offering.
To the extent a portion of the proceeds from such offering are used to make investments in
portfolio companies, the relevant prospectus supplement will include an estimate of the length of
time it is expected to take to invest such proceeds. We anticipate
such length of time will be three to six months in most
circumstances.
To the extent a portion of the proceeds from
such offering are used to repay indebtedness, such transactions will be effected as soon as
practicable after completion of the relevant offering.
Pending the use of proceeds, as described above, we anticipate either investing the proceeds
in short-term securities issued by the U.S. government or its agencies or instrumentalities or in
high quality, short-term or long-term debt obligations or money market instruments. A delay in the
anticipated use of proceeds could lower returns and reduce our distribution to common stockholders
and reduce the amount of cash available to make interest payments on any Indebtedness.
As of August 31, 2010 we had $52 million borrowed on our Credit Facility. The Credit Facility
has a three-year commitment maturing on March 30, 2013. Amounts repaid under our Credit Facility
will remain available for future borrowings. Outstanding balances under the Credit Facility accrue
interest daily at a rate equal to LIBOR plus 2.00% per annum based on current borrowings and the
current borrowing base. If current borrowings exceed the borrowing base attributable to quoted
securities (generally defined as equity investments in Public MLPs and investments in bank debt and
high yield bonds which are traded), the interest rate will increase to LIBOR plus 3.00%. We will
pay a fee of 0.50% per annum on any unused amounts of the Credit Facility.
11
RISK FACTORS
Investing in our common stock involves risk, including the risk that you may receive little or
no return on your investment or that you may lose part or all of your investment. The following
discussion summarizes some of the risks that a potential investor should carefully consider before
deciding whether to invest in our common stock offered hereby. For additional information about
the risks associated with investing in our common stock, see Our Portfolio Investments and
Investment Policies and Our Investments in our SAI as well as any risk factors included in the
applicable prospectus supplement.
Risks Related to Our Investments and Investment Techniques
Investment and Market Risk
An investment in our common stock is subject to investment risk, including the possible loss
of the entire amount that you invest. Your investment in our common stock represents an indirect
investment in the securities owned by us, some of which will be traded on a national securities
exchange or in the over-the-counter markets. An investment in our common stock is not intended to
constitute a complete investment program and should not be viewed as such. The value of the
securities in which we invest, like other market investments, may move up or down, sometimes
rapidly and unpredictably. The value of the securities in which we invest may affect the value of
our common stock. Your investment in our common stock at any point in time may be worth less than
your original investment, even after taking into account the reinvestment of our Distributions. We
are primarily a long-term investment vehicle and should not be used for short-term trading.
Energy Sector Risk
Certain risks inherent in investing in Energy Companies include the following:
Supply and Demand Risk. A decrease in the production of natural gas, natural gas liquids,
crude oil, coal or other energy commodities, a decrease in the volume of such commodities available
for transportation, mining, processing, storage or distribution or a sustained decline in demand
for such commodities, may adversely impact the financial performance of Energy Companies. A
sustained decline in demand for natural gas, natural gas liquids, crude oil, coal or other energy
commodities could adversely affect the financial performance of Energy Companies. Factors which
could lead to a decline in demand include economic recession or other adverse economic conditions,
higher fuel taxes or governmental regulations, increases in fuel economy, consumer shifts to the
use of alternative fuel sources, changes in commodity prices, or weather.
Depletion and Exploration Risk. Energy reserves naturally deplete as they are produced over
time. Many Energy Companies are either engaged in the production of natural gas, natural gas
liquids, crude oil, or coal, or are engaged in transporting, storing, distributing and processing
these items and refined products on behalf of the owners of such commodities. To maintain or grow
their revenues, these companies or their customers need to maintain or expand their reserves
through exploration of new sources of supply, through the development of existing sources or
through acquisitions. The financial performance of Energy Companies may be adversely affected if
they, or the companies to whom they provide the service, are unable to cost-effectively acquire
additional reserves sufficient to replace the natural decline. If an Energy Company fails to add
reserves by acquiring or developing them, its reserves and production will decline over time as
they are produced. If an Energy Company is not able to raise capital on favorable terms, it may
not be able to add to or maintain its reserves.
Reserve Risks. Energy Companies engaged in the production of natural gas, natural
gas liquids, crude oil and other energy commodities are subject to
the risk that the quantities
of their reserves are
overstated or will not be produced in the time periods anticipated,
for a variety of reasons including the risk
that no
commercially productive amounts of such energy commodities can be
produced from estimated reserves because of the curtailment, delay or
cancellation of production
activities as a result of unexpected conditions or miscalculations, title problems, pressure
or irregularities in formations, equipment failures or accidents, adverse weather conditions,
compliance with environmental and other governmental requirements and cost of, or shortages or
delays in the availability of, drilling rigs and other equipment, and operational risks
and hazards associated with the development of the
12
underlying properties, including natural disasters, blowouts, explosions, fires, leakage of
such energy commodities, mechanical failures, cratering and pollution.
Regulatory Risk. Energy Companies are subject to significant federal, state and local
government regulation in virtually every aspect of their operations, including (i) how facilities
are constructed, maintained and operated, (ii) how and where wells are drilled, (iii) how services
are provided, (iv) environmental and safety controls, and, in some cases (v) the prices they may
charge for the products and services they provide. Various governmental authorities have the power
to enforce compliance with these regulations and the permits issued under them, and violators are
subject to administrative, civil and criminal penalties, including civil fines, injunctions or
both. Stricter laws, regulations or enforcement policies could be enacted in the future which would
likely increase compliance costs and may adversely affect the financial performance of Energy
Companies. In particular, changes to laws and increased regulations or enforcement policies as a
result of the Macondo oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico may adversely affect the financial
performance of Energy Companies.
Commodity Pricing Risk. The operations and financial performance of Energy Companies may be
directly affected by energy commodity prices, especially those Energy Companies which own the
underlying energy commodity or receive payments for services that are based on commodity prices.
Such impact may be a result of changes in the price for such commodity or a result of changes in
the price of one energy commodity relative to the price of another energy commodity (i.e., the
price of natural gas relative to the price of natural gas liquids). Commodity prices fluctuate for
several reasons, including changes in market and economic conditions, the impact of weather on
demand, levels of domestic production and imported commodities, energy conservation, domestic and
foreign governmental regulation and taxation and the availability of local, intrastate and
interstate transportation systems. Volatility of commodity prices may also make it more difficult
for Energy Companies to raise capital to the extent the market perceives that their performance may
be directly or indirectly tied to commodity prices. In addition to the volatility of commodity
prices, extremely high commodity prices may drive further energy conservation efforts which may
adversely affect the performance of Energy Companies.
Competition Risk Energy Companies face substantial competition in acquiring assets,
expanding or constructing assets and facilities, obtaining and retaining customers and contracts,
and securing trained personnel to operate their assets. Many of their competitors, including major
oil companies, independent exploration and production companies and other diversified energy
companies will have superior financial and other resources.
Acquisition Risk. The ability of Energy Companies to grow operating cash flow and increase
such companys enterprise value can be highly dependent on their ability to make accretive
acquisitions In the event that Energy Companies are unable to make such acquisitions because they
are unable to identify attractive acquisition candidates and negotiate acceptable purchase
contracts, because they are unable to raise financing for such acquisitions on economically
acceptable terms, or because they are outbid by competitors, their future growth will be limited.
Furthermore, even if Energy Companies do consummate acquisitions that they believe will be
accretive, the acquisitions may instead result in a decrease in operating cash flow or a decrease
in enterprise value. Any acquisition involves risks, including, among other things: mistaken
assumptions about revenues and costs, including synergies; the assumption of unknown liabilities;
limitations on rights to indemnity from the seller; the diversion of managements attention from
other business concerns; unforeseen difficulties operating in new product or geographic areas; and
customer or key employee losses at the acquired businesses.
Catastrophe Risk. The operations of Energy Companies are subject to many hazards inherent in
the exploring, developing, producing, generating, transporting, transmission, storing, gathering,
processing, refining, distributing, mining or marketing of natural gas, natural gas liquids, crude
oil, refined products, coal or electricity, including: damage to pipelines, storage tanks, plants
or related equipment and surrounding properties caused by hurricanes, tornadoes, floods, fires and
other natural disasters or by acts of terrorism; inadvertent damage from construction and farm
equipment; well blowouts; leaks of such energy commodities; fires and explosions. These risks could
result in substantial losses due to personal injury or loss of life, severe damage to and
destruction of property and equipment and pollution or other environmental damage and may result in
the curtailment or suspension of their related operations. Not all Energy Companies are fully
insured against all risks inherent to their businesses. If a significant accident or event occurs
that is not fully insured, it could adversely affect an Energy Companys operations and financial
condition. We expect that insurance premiums to operate certain Energy Assets will increase as a
result of the Macondo oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico. Further increased government regulations to
mitigate such catastrophe risk
13
could increase insurance and other operating costs for Energy Companies and adversely affect
the financial performance of such companies.
Terrorism/Market Disruption Risk. The terrorist attacks in the United States on September
11, 2001 had a disruptive effect on the economy and the securities markets. United States military
and related action in Iraq and Afghanistan is ongoing and events in the Middle East could have
significant adverse effects on the U.S. economy, financial and commodities markets. Assets of
Energy Companies could be direct targets, or indirect casualties, of an act of terror. The U.S.
government has issued warnings that certain energy assets, specifically the United States pipeline
infrastructure, may be the future target of terrorist organizations.
Weather Risk. Extreme weather conditions, such as hurricanes, (i) could result in
substantial damage to the facilities of certain Energy Companies located in the affected areas,
(ii) significantly increase the volatility in the supply of energy commodities and (iii) adversely
affect the financial performance of Energy Companies, and could therefore adversely affect their
securities. The damage done by extreme weather also may serve to increase many insurance premiums
paid by Energy Companies and could adversely affect such companies financial condition.
MLP Risks. An investment in MLP units involves certain risks which differ from an investment
in the securities of a corporation. Holders of MLP units have limited control and voting rights on
matters affecting the partnership and conflicts of interest exist between common unit holders and
the general partner, including those arising from incentive distribution payments. In addition,
there are certain tax risks associated with an investment in MLP units.
Cash Flow Risk
A substantial portion of the cash flow received by us is derived from our investment in MLPs.
The amount of cash that any such MLP has available to pay its equity holders in the form of
distributions depends on the amount of cash flow generated from such companys operations. Cash
flow from operations will vary from quarter to quarter and is largely dependent on factors
affecting the companys operations and factors affecting the energy industry in general.
In addition to the risk factors described above, other factors which may reduce the amount of
cash an MLP has available to pay distributions include increased operating costs, maintenance
capital expenditures, acquisition costs, expansion, construction or exploration costs and borrowing
costs.
Further, covenants in debt instruments issued by Energy Companies may restrict distributions
to equity holders or, in certain circumstances, may not allow distributions to be made to equity
holders.
During the nine months ended August 31, 2010, in lieu of cash distributions on the common and
preferred units owned by us, Direct Fuels Partners, L.P. (Direct Fuels) paid us distributions of
$3.7 million on such units in Class D preferred units. The Class D preferred units are senior to
the existing convertible preferred units and pay a quarterly dividend of $0.80 per unit (annual
rate of 16%).
While we believe that Direct Fuels will generate sufficient distributable cash flow to
make cash distributions in the future, Direct Fuels is in default with
respect to certain financial covenants under its existing credit agreement and no cash
distributions are permitted while in default. Direct Fuels recently received $16 million from the
sale of its ethanol terminal and used these proceeds to repay approximately 40% of the outstanding
balance under its credit facility.
Failure
of Direct Fuels to resume cash distributions could cause us to reduce our Distributions to common
stockholders.
Privately Held Company Risk
Under normal market conditions we will invest 50% to 70% of our assets in securities of
Private MLPs. Investing in privately held companies generally involves risks in addition to the
risks associated with investing in publicly traded securities.
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Disclosure Risk. Private MLPs are not subject to SEC reporting requirements, are not required
to maintain their accounting records in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles,
and are not required to maintain effective internal controls over financial reporting. As a result,
our Adviser may not have timely or accurate information about the business, financial condition and
results of operations of the privately held companies in which the Fund invests.
Operating History Risk. Private MLPs in which we invest may generate a substantial portion of
their income from newly acquired assets or recently constructed assets having little operating
history. Our Adviser will have limited information available in forecasting future performance of
these Private MLPs.
Liquidity Risk. The securities of privately held companies are also generally illiquid, and
entail the risks described under Liquidity Risk below.
Non-Controlling Interest Risk. We generally make non-controlling equity investments, and we
are therefore subject to the risks that a portfolio company may make business decisions with which
we disagree and that the stockholders and management of such company may take risks or otherwise
act in ways that do not serve our interests. Due to the lack of liquidity for our investments in
non-traded companies, we may not be able to dispose of our interests in our portfolio companies as
readily as we would like or at an appropriate valuation. As a result, a portfolio company may make
decisions that could decrease the value of our portfolio holdings.
Transaction Expense Risk. Unlike the publicly traded securities that we may hold, we will
generally acquire and dispose of our investments in non-traded companies through privately
negotiated transactions. The negotiation and documentation of such transactions will often be
complex, and the transaction costs that we incur during the course of investing in a non-traded
company will be significantly greater than customary brokerage commissions that we would pay if we
were investing in publicly traded securities.
Concentration Risk
We are a non-diversified, closed-end investment company under the 1940 Act and will not be
treated as a regulated investment company under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or
the Code. Accordingly, there are no regulatory requirements under the 1940 Act or the Code on the
minimum number or size of securities we hold. Our investments will be concentrated in the
securities of Energy Companies. The focus of our portfolio on the energy industry or certain
segments of the energy industry may present more risks than if our portfolio were broadly
diversified over numerous sectors of the economy. A downturn in one or more segments of the energy
industry would have a larger impact on us than on an investment company that does not concentrate
its investments in securities of Energy Companies. At times the performance of securities of
Energy Companies will lag the performance of other industries or the broader market as a whole. To
the extent that we invest a relatively high percentage of our assets in the obligations of a
limited number of issuers, we may be more susceptible than a more widely diversified investment
company to any single economic, political or regulatory occurrence.
While we intend for the investments in our portfolio to be allocated among a substantial
number of companies, our investments may be concentrated in a limited number of companies. As of
August 31, 2010, our three largest portfolio companies represent $126.1 million or 52.3% of our
total long-term investments. As a consequence of this concentration, the returns we realize may be
adversely affected if a small number of our investments perform poorly or if we need to write down
the value of any one such investment. Financial difficulty on the part of any single portfolio
company will expose us to a greater risk of loss than would be the case if we were a diversified
company holding numerous investments. To the extent that we take large positions in the securities
of a small number of portfolio companies, our net asset value and the market price of our common
stock may fluctuate as a result of changes in the financial condition or in the markets assessment
of such portfolio companies to a greater extent than that of a diversified investment company.
These factors could negatively impact our ability to pay you Distributions and cause you to lose
all or part of your investment.
15
Interest Rate Risk
Interest rate risk is the risk that securities will decline in value because of changes in
market interest rates. The yields for equity securities of MLPs and certain other Energy Companies
are susceptible in the short-term to fluctuations in interest rates and the prices of such equity
securities may decline when interest rates rise. This is also true for debt investments in Energy
Companies. Our investment in such securities means that the net asset value and market price of
our common stock may decline if interest rates rise because we will principally invest in income
producing securities (i.e., dividend paying equity securities and fixed income investments).
Further, rising interest rates could adversely impact the financial performance of Energy Companies
by increasing their cost of capital. This may reduce their ability to execute acquisitions or
expansion projects in a cost-effective manner.
Capital Markets Risk
Global financial markets and economic conditions have been, and continue to be, volatile due
to a variety of factors. As a result, the cost of raising capital in the debt and equity capital
markets has increased while the ability to raise capital from those markets has diminished. In
particular, as a result of concerns about the general stability of financial markets and
specifically the solvency of lending counterparties, the cost of raising capital from the credit
markets generally has increased as many lenders and institutional investors have increased interest
rates, enacted tighter lending standards, refused to refinance debt on existing terms or at all and
reduced, or in some cases ceased to provide, funding to borrowers. Due to these factors, Energy
Companies may be unable to obtain new debt or equity financing on acceptable terms. If funding is
not available when needed, or is available only on unfavorable terms, Energy Companies may not be
able to meet their obligations as they come due. Moreover, without adequate funding, Energy
Companies may be unable to execute their growth strategies, complete future acquisitions, take
advantage of other business opportunities or respond to competitive pressures, any of which could
have a material adverse effect on their revenues and results of operations.
Tax Risks
Tax Risk of MLPs. Our ability to meet our investment objective will depend, in part, on the
level of taxable income and distributions we receive from the equity securities in which we invest,
a factor over which we have no control. The benefit we derive from our investment in MLPs is
largely dependent on the MLPs being treated as partnerships and not as corporations for federal
income tax purposes. As a partnership, an MLP generally has no tax liability at the entity level.
If, as a result of a change in current law or a change in an MLPs business, an MLP were treated as
a corporation for federal income tax purposes, such MLP would be obligated to pay federal income
tax on its income at the corporate tax rate. If an MLP were classified as a corporation for federal
income tax purposes, the amount of cash available for distribution by the MLP would be reduced and
distributions received by us would be taxed under federal income tax laws applicable to corporate
dividends (as dividend income, return of capital, or capital gain). Therefore, treatment of an MLP
as a corporation for federal income tax purposes would result in a reduction in the after-tax
return to us, likely causing a reduction in the value of our common stock.
Tax Law Change Risk. Changes in tax laws or regulations, or interpretations thereof in the
future, could adversely affect us or the Energy Companies in which we invest. Any such changes
could negatively impact our common stockholders. Legislation could also negatively impact the
amount and tax characterization of Distributions received by our common stockholders.
Equity Securities Risk
Equity securities of Energy Companies may be subject to general movements in the stock market
and a significant drop in the stock market may depress the price of securities to which we have
exposure. The prices of Energy Company equity securities fluctuate for several reasons, including
changes in the financial condition of a particular issuer, investors perceptions of Energy
Companies, the general condition of the relevant stock market, or the occurrence of political or
economic events affecting the issuers.
Certain of the Energy Companies in which we invest have comparatively smaller capitalizations
than other companies. Investing in the securities of smaller Energy Companies presents some unique
investment risks. These
16
Energy Companies may have limited product lines and markets, as well as shorter operating
histories, less experienced management and more limited financial resources than larger Energy
Companies and may be more vulnerable to adverse general market or economic developments. Stocks of
smaller Energy Companies may be less liquid than those of larger Energy Companies and may
experience greater price fluctuations than larger Energy Companies. In addition, small-cap
securities may not be widely followed by the investment community, which may result in reduced
demand.
In addition, in the course of providing significant managerial assistance to certain of our
portfolio companies, including small and developing companies, certain of our officers and
directors and senior professionals of our Adviser often serve as directors on the boards of such
companies. To the extent that litigation arises out of our investments in these companies, our
officers and directors, our Adviser and its senior professionals may be named as defendants in such
litigation, which could result in an expenditure of funds and the diversion of management time and
resources.
Debt Securities Risks
Debt securities in which we invest are subject to many of the risks described elsewhere in
this section. In addition, they are subject to credit risk, and, depending on their quality, other
special risks.
Credit Risk. An issuer of a debt security may be unable to make interest payments and repay
principal. We could lose money if the issuer of a debt obligation is, or is perceived to be, unable
or unwilling to make timely principal and/or interest payments, or to otherwise honor its
obligations. The downgrade of a security by rating agencies may further decrease its value.
Additionally, a portfolio company may issue to us a debt security that has payment-in-kind
interest, which represents contractual interest added to the principal balance and due at the
maturity date of the debt security in which we invest. It is possible that by effectively
increasing the principal balance payable to us or deferring cash payment of such interest until
maturity, the use of payment-in-kind features will increase the risk that such amounts will become
uncollectible when due and payable.
Below Investment Grade and Unrated Debt Securities Risk. Below investment grade and unrated
debt securities generally pay a premium above the yields of U.S. government securities or debt
securities of investment grade issuers because they are subject to greater risks than these
securities. These risks, which reflect their speculative character, include the following: greater
yield and price volatility; greater credit risk and risk of default; potentially greater
sensitivity to general economic or industry conditions; potential lack of attractive resale
opportunities (illiquidity); and additional expenses to seek recovery from issuers who default.
In addition, the prices of these below investment grade and other unrated debt securities in
which we may invest are more sensitive to negative developments, such as a decline in the issuers
revenues, downturns in profitability in the energy industry or a general economic downturn, than
are the prices of higher grade securities. Below investment grade and unrated debt securities tend
to be less liquid than investment grade securities and the market for below investment grade and
unrated debt securities could contract further under adverse market or economic conditions. In such
a scenario, it may be more difficult for us to sell these securities in a timely manner or for as
high a price as could be realized if such securities were more widely traded. The market value of
below investment grade and unrated debt securities may be more volatile than the market value of
investment grade securities and generally tends to reflect the markets perception of the
creditworthiness of the issuer and short-term market developments to a greater extent than
investment grade securities, which primarily reflect fluctuations in general levels of interest
rates. In the event of a default by a below investment grade or unrated debt security held in our
portfolio in the payment of principal or interest, we may incur additional expense to the extent we
are required to seek recovery of such principal or interest. For a further description of below
investment grade and unrated debt securities and the risks associated therewith, see Investment
Policies.
Subordination Risk We generally invest in subordinated debt, preferred stock and common
equity issued by our portfolio companies. The portfolio companies usually will have, or may be
permitted to incur, debt that ranks in right of payment equally with, or senior to, our investment.
By their terms, such debt instruments may provide that the holders are entitled to receive payment
of interest or principal on or before the dates on which we are entitled to receive payments in
respect of our investment. Also, in the event of insolvency, liquidation, dissolution,
reorganization or bankruptcy of a portfolio company, holders of debt instruments ranking senior to
our investment in that portfolio company would typically be entitled to receive payment in full
before we receive any distribution in respect of our investment. After repaying such senior
creditors, the portfolio company may not have any remaining assets available
17
for repaying its obligation to us. In the case of debt ranking equally with securities in
which we invest, we would have to share on an equal basis any distributions with other creditors
holding such debt in the event of an insolvency, liquidation, dissolution, reorganization or
bankruptcy of the relevant portfolio company. As a result, we may be prevented from obtaining the
full value of our investment in the event of an insolvency, liquidation, dissolution,
reorganization or bankruptcy of the relevant portfolio company.
Certain loans that we make to portfolio companies, including the second-lien or term B
loans, will be secured on a second priority basis by the same collateral securing senior secured
debt of such companies. The first priority liens on the collateral will secure the portfolio
companys obligations under any outstanding senior debt and may secure certain other future debt
that may be permitted to be incurred by the company under the agreements governing the loans. The
holders of obligations secured by the first priority liens on the collateral will be entitled to
receive proceeds from any realization of the collateral to repay their obligations in full before
us. In addition, the value of the collateral in the event of liquidation will depend on market and
economic conditions, the availability of buyers and other factors. There can be no assurance that
the proceeds, if any, from the sale or sales of all of the collateral would be sufficient to
satisfy the loan obligations secured by the second priority liens after payment in full of all
obligations secured by the first priority liens on the collateral. If such proceeds are not
sufficient to repay amounts outstanding under the loan obligations secured by the second priority
liens, then we, to the extent not repaid from the proceeds of the sale of the collateral, will only
have an unsecured claim against the companys remaining assets, if any.
The rights we may have with respect to the collateral securing the loans we make to our
portfolio companies with senior debt outstanding may also be limited pursuant to the terms of one
or more intercreditor agreements that we enter into with the holders of senior debt. Under such an
intercreditor agreement, at any time that obligations that have the benefit of the first priority
liens are outstanding, any of the following actions that may be taken in respect of the collateral
will be at the direction of the holders of the obligations secured by the first priority liens: the
ability to cause the commencement of enforcement proceedings against the collateral; the ability to
control the conduct of such proceedings; the approval of amendments to collateral documents;
releases of liens on the collateral; and waivers of past defaults under collateral documents. We
may not have the ability to control or direct such actions, even if our rights are adversely
affected.
Prepayment Risk. Certain debt instruments, particularly below investment grade securities,
may contain call or redemption provisions which would allow the issuer thereof to prepay principal
prior to the debt instruments stated maturity. This is known as prepayment risk. Prepayment risk
is greater during a falling interest rate environment as issuers can reduce their cost of capital
by refinancing higher yielding debt instruments with lower yielding debt instruments. An issuer may
also elect to refinance their debt instruments with lower yielding debt instruments if the credit
standing of the issuer improves. To the extent debt securities in our portfolio are called or
redeemed, we may be forced to reinvest in lower yielding securities.
Risks Associated with an Investment in Initial Public Offerings (IPOs)
Securities purchased in IPOs are often subject to the general risks associated with
investments in companies with small market capitalizations, and typically to a heightened degree.
Securities issued in IPOs have no trading history, and information about the companies may be
available for very limited periods. In addition, the prices of securities sold in an IPO may be
highly volatile. We may not be able to invest in IPOs, or to invest to the extent desired, because,
for example, only a small portion (if any) of the securities being offered in an IPO may be
available to us. In addition, under certain market conditions, a relatively small number of
companies may issue securities in IPOs. Our investment performance during periods when it is unable
to invest significantly or at all in IPOs may be lower than during periods when it is able to do
so.
Risks Associated with a Private Investment in a Public Entity (PIPE)
PIPE investors purchase securities directly from a publicly traded company in a private
placement transaction, typically at a discount to the market price of the companys common stock.
Because the sale of the securities is not registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended
(the Securities Act), the securities are restricted and cannot be immediately resold by the
investors into the public markets. Until we can sell such securities into the public markets, our
holdings will be less liquid and any sales will need to be made pursuant to an exemption under the
Securities Act.
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Liquidity Risk
Securities with limited trading volumes may display volatile or erratic price movements. Kayne
Anderson is one of the largest investors in MLPs. Thus, it may be more difficult for us to buy and
sell significant amounts of such securities without an unfavorable impact on prevailing market
prices. Larger purchases or sales of these securities by us in a short period of time may cause
abnormal movements in the market price of these securities. As a result, these securities may be
difficult to dispose of at a fair price at the times when we believe it is desirable to do so.
Investment of our capital in securities that are less actively traded or over time experience
decreased trading volume may restrict our ability to take advantage of other market opportunities.
We also invest in unregistered or otherwise restricted securities. The term restricted
securities refers to securities that are unregistered or are held by control persons of the issuer
and securities that are subject to contractual restrictions on their resale. Unregistered
securities are securities that cannot be sold publicly in the United States without registration
under the Securities Act, unless an exemption from such registration is available. Restricted
securities may be more difficult to value and we may have difficulty disposing of such assets
either in a timely manner or for a reasonable price. In order to dispose of an unregistered
security, we, where we have contractual rights to do so, may have to cause such security to be
registered. A considerable period may elapse between the time the decision is made to sell the
security and the time the security is registered so that we could sell it. Contractual restrictions
on the resale of securities vary in length and scope and are generally the result of a negotiation
between the issuer and us. We would, in either case, bear the risks of any downward price
fluctuation during that period. The difficulties and delays associated with selling restricted
securities could result in our inability to realize a favorable price upon disposition of such
securities, and at times might make disposition of such securities impossible.
Our investments in restricted securities may include investments in private companies. Such
securities are not registered under the Securities Act until the company becomes a public company.
Accordingly, in addition to the risks described above, our ability to dispose of such securities on
favorable terms would be limited until the portfolio company becomes a public company.
Interest Rate Hedging Risk
We may hedge against interest rate risk resulting from our Leverage Instruments. We do not
intend to hedge interest rate risk of portfolio holdings. Interest rate transactions that we may
use for hedging purposes will expose us to certain risks that differ from the risks associated with
our portfolio holdings. There are economic costs of hedging reflected in the price of interest rate
swaps and similar techniques, the cost of which can be significant. In addition, our success in
using hedging instruments is subject to our Advisers ability to predict correctly changes in the
relationships of such hedging instruments to our interest rate risk, and there can be no assurance
that our Advisers judgment in this respect will be accurate. Depending on the state of interest
rates in general, our use of interest rate hedging instruments could enhance or decrease
amounts available for Distribution to the holders of our common stock. To the extent there is a
decline in interest rates, the value of interest rate swaps could decline, and result in a decline
in the net asset value of our common stock. In addition, if the counterparty to an interest rate
swap defaults, we would not be able to use the anticipated net receipts under the interest rate
swap to offset our cost of financial leverage.
Inflation Risk
Inflation risk is the risk that the value of assets or income from investment will be worth
less in the future as inflation decreases the value of money. As inflation increases, the real
value of our common stock and Distributions that we pay declines.
General Economic Risk
Our portfolio companies will generally be affected by the conditions and overall strength of
the national, regional and local economies, including interest rate fluctuations, changes in the
capital markets, the level of infrastructure and housing construction and changes in the prices of
their primary commodities and products. These factors could adversely impact the customer base and
customer collections of our portfolio companies.
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As a result, many of our portfolio companies may be susceptible to economic recessions or
downturns and may be unable to repay loans or fulfill their other financial obligations during
these periods. Therefore, our non-performing assets are likely to increase and the value of our
portfolio is likely to decrease during these periods. Adverse economic conditions also may decrease
the value of our equity investments and the value of collateral securing some of our loans.
Economic downturns could lead to financial losses in our portfolio and decreases in revenues, net
income and assets.
One of our significant portfolio companys results is dependent on the demand for aggregates.
Aggregate demand depends on the strength of the construction industry. Construction spending is
affected by national, regional, and local economic conditions, changes in interest rates,
demographic and population shifts, and changes in construction spending by federal, state, and
local governments. A prolonged downturn in the construction industry may occur and affect the
demand for aggregate products.
Demand for aggregates, particularly in the commercial and residential construction markets,
could continue to be negatively impacted if companies and consumers are unable to obtain credit for
construction projects or if the economic slowdown causes delays or cancellations of capital
projects. State and federal budget issues may continue to decrease the funding available for
infrastructure spending. The lack of available credit has limited the ability of states to issue
bonds to finance construction projects.
A portfolio companys failure to satisfy financial or operating covenants imposed by us or
others could lead to defaults and, potentially, acceleration of its loans and foreclosure on the
assets securing such loans, which could trigger cross-defaults under other agreements and
jeopardize our portfolio companys ability to meet its obligations under the investments that we
hold. We may incur expenses to the extent necessary to seek recovery upon default or to negotiate
new terms with a defaulting portfolio company. In addition, if one of our portfolio companies were
to go bankrupt, even though we may have structured our investment as senior debt, depending on the
facts and circumstances, including the extent to which we actually provided managerial assistance
to that portfolio company, a bankruptcy court might recharacterize our debt holding and subordinate
all or a portion of our claim to that of other creditors. This could negatively impact our ability
to pay Distributions and cause the value of our shares to decline.
Portfolio Turnover Risk
Our annual portfolio turnover rate has ranged between 6% and 29% and we anticipate that it
will range between 10%30% in the future, but the rate may vary greatly from year to year.
Portfolio turnover rate is not considered a limiting factor in our Advisers execution of
investment decisions. The types of MLPs in which we invest have historically made cash
distributions to limited partners, the substantial portion of which would not be taxed as income to
us in that tax year but rather would be treated as a non-taxable return of capital and would have
the effect of lowering our basis in such investment. As a result, most of the tax related to such
distribution would be deferred until subsequent sale of our MLP units, at which time we would pay
any required tax on gains based on the difference between our basis in the investment and the sales
price. As a result, we may be required to pay taxes on such sales even if the sales price is below
the original purchase price. Therefore, the sooner we sell such MLP units, the sooner we would be
required to pay tax on resulting gains, and the cash available to us to pay Distributions to our
common stockholders in the year of such tax payment would be less than if such taxes were deferred
until a later year. These taxable gains may increase our current and accumulated earnings and
profits, resulting in a greater portion of our Distributions being treated as dividend
income to our common stockholders. In addition, a higher portfolio turnover rate results in
correspondingly greater brokerage commissions and other transactional expenses that are borne by
us. See Investment Objective and Policies Investment Practices Portfolio Turnover and Tax
Matters.
Derivatives Risk
We may purchase and sell derivative investments such as exchange-listed and over-the-counter
put and call options on securities, equity, fixed income, interest rate and currency indices, and
other financial instruments, enter into various interest rate transactions such as swaps or credit
default swaps. We also may purchase derivative investments that combine features of these
instruments. The use of derivatives has risks, including the imperfect correlation between the
value of such instruments and the underlying assets, the possible default of the other party to the
transaction or illiquidity of the derivative investments. Furthermore, the ability to successfully
use these techniques
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depends on our ability to predict pertinent market movements, which cannot be assured. Thus,
the use of derivatives may result in losses greater than if they had not been used, may require us
to sell or purchase portfolio securities at inopportune times or for prices other than current
market values, may limit the amount of appreciation we can realize on an investment or may cause us
to hold a security that we might otherwise sell. Additionally, amounts paid by us as premiums and
cash or other assets held in margin accounts with respect to derivative transactions are not
otherwise available to us for investment purposes.
We may write covered call options. As the writer of a covered call option, during the options
life we give up the opportunity to profit from increases in the market value of the security
covering the call option above the sum of the premium and the strike price of the call, but we
retain the risk of loss should the price of the underlying security decline. The writer of an
option has no control over the time when it may be required to fulfill its obligation as a writer
of the option. Once an option writer has received an exercise notice, it cannot effect a closing
purchase transaction in order to terminate its obligation under the option and must deliver the
underlying security at the exercise price. There can be no assurance that a liquid market will
exist when we seek to close out an option position. If trading were suspended in an option
purchased by us, we would not be able to close out the option. If we were unable to close out a
covered call option that we had written on a security, we would not be able to sell the underlying
security unless the option expired without exercise.
Depending on whether we would be entitled to receive net payments from the counterparty on a
swap, which in turn would depend on the general state of short-term interest rates at that point in
time, a default by a counterparty could negatively impact the performance of our common stock. In
addition, at the time an interest rate transaction reaches its scheduled termination date, there is
a risk that we would not be able to obtain a replacement transaction or that the terms of the
replacement would not be as favorable as on the expiring transaction. If this occurs, it could have
a negative impact on the performance of our common stock. If we fail to maintain any required asset
coverage ratios in connection with any use by us of Leverage Instruments, we may be required to
redeem or prepay some or all of the Leverage Instruments. Such redemption or prepayment would
likely result in our seeking to terminate early all or a portion of any swap transaction. Early
termination of a swap could result in a termination payment by or to us.
The use of interest rate swaps is a highly specialized activity that involves investment
techniques and risks different from those associated with ordinary portfolio security transactions.
Depending on market conditions in general, our use of swaps could enhance or harm the overall
performance of our common stock. For example, we may use interest rate swaps in connection with any
use by us of Leverage Instruments. To the extent interest rates decline, the value of the interest
rate swap could decline, and could result in a decline in the net asset value of our common stock.
In addition, if short-term interest rates are lower than our fixed rate of payment on the interest
rate swap, the swap will reduce our net earnings.
Interest rate swaps do not involve the delivery of securities or other underlying assets or
principal. Accordingly, the risk of loss with respect to interest rate swaps is limited to the net
amount of interest payments that we are contractually obligated to make. If the counterparty
defaults, we would not be able to use the anticipated net receipts under the swap to offset any
declines in the value of our portfolio assets being hedged or the increase in our cost of Leverage
Instruments. Depending on whether we would be entitled to receive net payments from the
counterparty on the swap, which in turn would depend on the general state of the market rates at
that point in time, such a default could negatively impact the performance of our common stock.
Short Sales Risk
Short selling involves selling securities which may or may not be owned and borrowing the same
securities for delivery to the purchaser, with an obligation to replace the borrowed securities at
a later date. Short selling allows the short seller to profit from declines in market prices to the
extent such declines exceed the transaction costs and the costs of borrowing the securities. A
short sale creates the risk of an unlimited loss, in that the price of the underlying security
could theoretically increase without limit, thus increasing the cost of buying those securities to
cover the short position. There can be no assurance that the securities necessary to cover a short
position will be available for purchase. Purchasing securities to close out the short position can
itself cause the price of the securities to rise further, thereby exacerbating the loss.
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Our obligation to replace a borrowed security is secured by collateral deposited with the
broker-dealer, usually cash, U.S. government securities or other liquid securities similar to those
borrowed. We also are required to segregate similar collateral to the extent, if any, necessary so
that the value of both collateral amounts in the aggregate is at all times equal to at least 100%
of the current market value of the security sold short. Depending on arrangements made with the
broker-dealer from which we borrowed the security regarding payment over of any payments received
by us on such security, we may not receive any payments (including interest) on the collateral
deposited with such broker-dealer.
Risks Related to Our Business and Structure
Use of Leverage
Under normal market conditions, we expect to utilize Leverage Instruments in an amount that
represents approximately 20%30% of our total assets. However, based on market conditions at the
time, we may use Leverage Instruments in amounts that represent greater than 30% leverage to the
extent permitted by the 1940 Act. Leverage Instruments have seniority in liquidation and
distribution rights over our common stock.
The issuance of Leverage Instruments represents the leveraging of our common stock. Leverage
is a technique that could adversely affect our common stockholders. Unless the income and capital
appreciation, if any, on securities acquired with the proceeds from Leverage Instruments exceed the
costs of such Leverage Instruments, the use of leverage could cause our net asset value to decline.
When leverage is used, the net asset value and market value of our common stock will be more
volatile. There is no assurance that our use of leverage will be successful.
Our common stockholders bear the costs of leverage through higher operating expenses. Because
management fees are based on our total assets, our use of leverage increases the effective
management fee borne by our common stockholders. In addition, the issuance of additional Leverage
Instruments by us would result in offering expenses and other costs, which would ultimately be
borne by our common stockholders. Fluctuations in interest rates could increase our interest or
dividend payments on Leverage Instruments and could reduce cash available for Distributions on our
common stock. Certain Leverage Instruments are subject to covenants regarding asset coverage,
portfolio composition and other matters, which may affect our ability to pay Distributions to our
common stockholders in certain instances. We may also be required to pledge our assets to the
lenders in connection with certain other types of Leverage Instruments.
Leverage involves other risks and special considerations for common stockholders including:
the likelihood of greater volatility of net asset value and market price of our common stock than a
comparable portfolio without leverage; the effect of leverage in a declining market, which is
likely to cause a greater decline in the net asset value of our common stock than if we were not
leveraged, which may result in a greater decline in the market price of our common stock; and when
we use financial leverage, the investment management fee payable to our Adviser may be higher than
if we did not use leverage.
Leverage Instruments constitute a substantial lien and burden by reason of their prior claim
against our income and against our net assets in liquidation. The rights of lenders to receive
payments of interest on and repayments of principal of any bank debt, other forms of borrowings
and debt securities (collectively, Indebtedness) are senior to the rights of holders of
common stock, with respect to the payment of distributions or upon liquidation. We may not be
permitted to declare Distributions, including Distributions with
respect to common stock or purchase common stock unless at such time, we meet certain asset
coverage requirements and no event of default exists under any Indebtedness. In addition, we may
not be permitted to pay Distributions on common stock unless all accrued interest on Indebtedness
have been paid, or set aside for payment.
In an event of default under any Leverage Instruments, the lenders have the right to cause a
liquidation of collateral (i.e., sell portfolio securities) and, if any such default is not cured,
the lenders may be able to control the liquidation as well. If an event of default occurs or in an
effort to avoid an event of default, we may be forced to sell securities at inopportune times and,
as a result, receive lower prices for such security sales.
22
Certain types of leverage may subject us to certain affirmative covenants relating to asset
coverage and our portfolio composition and may impose special restrictions on our use of various
investment techniques or strategies or in our ability to pay Distributions on common stock in
certain instances. In addition, we may be subject to certain negative covenants relating to
transaction with affiliates, mergers and consolidation, among others. Our Adviser does not believe
that these covenants or guidelines will impede it from managing our portfolio in accordance with
our investment objective and policies.
While we may from time to time consider reducing leverage in response to actual or anticipated
changes in interest rates in an effort to mitigate the increased volatility of current income and
net asset value associated with leverage, there can be no assurance that we will actually reduce
leverage in the future or that any reduction, if undertaken, will benefit our common stockholders.
Changes in the future direction of interest rates are very difficult to predict accurately. If we
were to reduce leverage based on a prediction about future changes to interest rates, and that
prediction turned out to be incorrect, the reduction in leverage would likely result in a reduction
in income and/or total returns to common stockholders relative to the circumstance if we had not
reduced leverage. We may decide that this risk outweighs the likelihood of achieving the desired
reduction to volatility in income and the price of our common stock if the prediction were to turn
out to be correct, and determine not to reduce leverage as described above.
The Indebtedness that we issue will generally have maturity dates ranging from 1-10 years from
the date of issuance. If we are unable to refinance such Leverage Instruments when they mature we
may be forced to sell securities in our portfolio to repay such Leverage Instruments. Further, if
we do not repay the Leverage Instruments when they mature, we will trigger an event of default on
our Indebtedness which will increase the interest rate on such Indebtedness and give the holders of
such Indebtedness certain rights.
Our Credit Facility has a $70 million commitment, a three year term (maturing on March 30,
2013), and outstanding loan balances under the Credit Facility accrue interest at an annual rate
of LIBOR plus 2.00% based on the current borrowings and the current borrowing base. Our
interest rate could increase to LIBOR plus 3.00% if our borrowings exceed the borrowing base
attributable to quoted securities (generally defined as equity investments in Public MLPs and
investments in bank debt and high yield bonds which are traded).
Our borrowing base, subject to certain limitations, is generally calculated by multiplying the
fair value of each of our investments by an advance rate. The total contribution to our borrowing
base from Private MLPs is limited to no more than 25% of the total borrowing base and there is a
limit of $7 million of borrowing base contribution from any single issuer. If one of our
investments becomes non-performing, it will reduce our borrowing base and could cause us to be in
default under the terms of our Credit Facility. Debt investments are generally characterized as
non-performing if such investments are in default of any payment obligations and Private MLP equity
investments are generally characterized as non-performing if such investments fail to pay
distributions, in their most recent fiscal quarter, that are greater than 80% of their minimum
quarterly distribution amount.
The Credit Facility contains affirmative and reporting covenants and certain financial ratio
and restrictive covenants. Under the terms of the Credit Facility, if borrowings exceed 90% of
borrowing base, we are restricted in paying Distributions to stockholders to no more than the
amount of distributable cash flow for the current and prior three quarters.
When our Credit Facility matures we currently plan to renew it. The terms of any new facility
may be less favorable than our current terms. Our funding cost could increase and our borrowing
base may decrease. If we are unable to renew our Credit Facility when it matures we may be forced
to sell securities in our portfolio to repay any outstanding loans under this facility.
Tax Risks of Investing in our Common Stock
In addition to other risk considerations, an investment in our common stock will involve
certain tax risks, including, but not limited to, the risks summarized below and discussed in more
detail in this prospectus. Tax matters are very complicated, and the federal, state, local and
foreign tax consequences of an investment in and holding of our common stock will depend on the
facts of each investors situation. Investors are encouraged to consult their own tax advisers
regarding the specific tax consequences that may affect such investors.
23
We cannot assure you what percentage of the Distributions paid on our common stock, if any,
will be treated as qualified dividend income, or return of capital or what the tax rates on various
types of income or gain will be in future years. Under current law, qualified dividend income
received by individual stockholders is taxed at the maximum federal tax rate of 15% for
individuals, provided a holding period requirement and certain other requirements are met. This
reduced rate of tax on qualified dividend income is currently scheduled to revert to ordinary
income rates for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2010 and the maximum 15% federal income
tax rate for long-term capital gain is scheduled to revert to 20% for such taxable years.
Deferred Tax Risks. As a limited partner in the MLPs in which we invest, we will be
allocated our distributive share of income, gains, losses, deductions, and credits from those MLPs.
Historically, a significant portion of income from such MLPs has been offset by tax deductions. We
will incur a current tax liability on our distributive share of a MLPs income and gains that is
not offset by tax deductions, losses, and credits, or our capital or net operating loss
carryforwards or other applicable deductions, if any. The percentage of a MLPs income and gains
which is offset by tax deductions, losses, and credits will fluctuate over time for various
reasons. A significant slowdown in acquisition activity or capital spending by MLPs held in our
portfolio could result in a reduction of accelerated depreciation generated by new acquisitions,
which may result in increased current tax liability to us.
We rely to some extent on information provided by the MLPs, which may not necessarily be
timely, to estimate taxable income allocable to the MLP units held in the portfolio and to estimate
the associated capital or deferred taxes. Such estimates are made in good faith. From time to time,
as new information becomes available, we modify our estimates or assumptions regarding our deferred
taxes.
Deferred income taxes reflect (1) taxes on unrealized gains/(losses) which are attributable to
the difference between the fair market value and tax basis of our investments and (2) the tax
benefit of accumulated capital or net operating losses. We will accrue a net deferred tax liability
if our future tax liability on our unrealized gains exceeds the tax benefit of our accumulated
capital or net operating losses, if any. We will accrue a net deferred tax asset if our future tax
liability on our unrealized gains is less than the tax benefit of our accumulated capital or net
operating losses or if we have net unrealized losses on our investments.
To the extent we have a net deferred tax asset, consideration is given as to whether or not a
valuation allowance is required. The need to establish a valuation allowance for deferred tax
assets is assessed periodically based on the criterion established by the Statement of Financial
Standards, Accounting for Income Taxes (ASC 740) that it is more likely than not that some portion
or all of a deferred tax asset will not be realized. In our assessment for a valuation allowance,
consideration is given to all positive and negative evidence related to the realization of a
deferred tax asset. This assessment considers, among other matters, the nature, frequency and
severity of current and cumulative losses, forecasts of future profitability (which are highly
dependent on future MLP cash distributions), the duration of statutory carryforward periods and the
associated risk that capital or net operating loss carryforwards may expire unused. If a valuation
allowance is required to reduce a deferred tax asset in the future, it could have a material impact
on our net asset value and results of operations in the period it is recorded.
Valuation Risk
A large percentage of our portfolio investments will consist of securities of non-traded
companies. The fair value of these securities may not be readily determinable. We will value these
securities quarterly at fair value as determined in good faith by our Board of Directors based on
input from our Adviser, a third party independent valuation firm and our valuation committee. We
may also be required to value any publicly traded securities at fair value as determined in good
faith by our Board of Directors to the extent necessary to reflect significant events affecting the
value of those securities. Our Board of Directors will utilize the services of an independent
valuation firm to review the fair value of any securities prepared by our Adviser. The types of
factors that may be considered in fair value pricing of our investments include the nature and
realizable value of any collateral, the portfolio companys ability to make payments, the markets
in which the portfolio company does business, comparison to publicly traded companies, discounted
cash flow and other relevant factors. Because such valuations, and particularly valuations of
private securities and private companies, are inherently uncertain, they may fluctuate over short
periods of time and may be based on estimates. The determination of fair value by our board of
directors may differ materially from the values that would have been used if a ready market for
these securities existed. Our net asset value could be adversely affected if
24
the determinations regarding the fair value of our investments were materially higher than the
values that we ultimately realize upon the disposal of such securities.
Management Risk; Dependence on Key Personnel of Kayne Anderson
Our portfolio is subject to management risk because it is actively managed. Our Adviser
applies investment techniques and risk analyses in making investment decisions for us, but there
can be no guarantee that they will produce the desired results.
We depend upon Kayne Andersons key personnel for our future success and upon their access to
certain individuals and investments in the energy industry. In particular, we depend on the
diligence, skill and network of business contacts of our portfolio managers, who evaluate,
negotiate, structure, close and monitor our investments. These individuals do not have long-term
employment contracts with Kayne Anderson, although they do have equity interests and other
financial incentives to remain with Kayne Anderson. For a description of Kayne Anderson, see
Management Investment Adviser. We also depend on the senior management of Kayne Anderson. The
departure of any of our portfolio managers or the senior management of Kayne Anderson could have a
material adverse effect on our ability to achieve our investment objective. In addition, we can
offer no assurance that KAFA will remain our investment adviser or that we will continue to have
access to Kayne Andersons industry contacts and deal flow.
Conflicts of Interest of Kayne Anderson
Conflicts of interest may arise because Kayne Anderson and its affiliates generally carry on
substantial investment activities for other clients in which we will have no interest. Kayne
Anderson or its affiliates may have financial incentives to favor certain of such accounts over us.
Any of their proprietary accounts and other customer accounts may compete with us for specific
trades. Kayne Anderson or its affiliates may buy or sell securities for us that differ from
securities bought or sold for other accounts and customers, even though their investment objectives
and policies may be similar to ours. Situations may occur when we could be disadvantaged because of
the investment activities conducted by Kayne Anderson or its affiliates for their other accounts.
Such situations may be based on, among other things, legal or internal restrictions on the combined
size of positions that may be taken for us and the other accounts, thereby limiting the size of our
position, or the difficulty of liquidating an investment for us and the other accounts where the
market cannot absorb the sale of the combined position.
Our investment opportunities may be limited by affiliations of Kayne Anderson or its
affiliates with companies in the energy sector. Additionally, to the extent that Kayne Anderson
sources and structures private investments in companies in the energy sector, certain employees of
Kayne Anderson may become aware of actions planned by these companies, such as acquisitions, that
may not be announced to the public. It is possible that we could be precluded from investing in a
company about which Kayne Anderson has material non-public information; however, it is Kayne
Andersons intention to ensure that any material non-public information available to certain Kayne
Anderson employees not be shared with those employees responsible for the purchase and sale of
publicly traded securities.
KAFA also manages Kayne Anderson MLP Investment Company, a closed end investment company
listed on the NYSE under the ticker KYN, Kayne Anderson Energy Total Return Fund, Inc., a closed
end investment company listed on the NYSE under the ticker KYE, and KA First Reserve, LLC, a
private investment fund with approximately $394 million in total assets as of August 31, 2010, and
KACALP manages several private investment funds (collectively, Affiliated Funds). Some of the
Affiliated Funds have investment objectives that are similar to or overlap with ours. In
particular, certain Affiliated Funds invest in Public MLPs and Energy Companies. Further, KAFA may
at some time in the future, manage other investment funds with the same investment objective as
ours.
Investment decisions for us are made independently from those of Kayne Andersons other
clients; however, from time to time, the same investment decision may be made for more than one
fund or account. When two or more clients advised by Kayne Anderson or its affiliates seek to
purchase or sell the same publicly traded securities, the securities actually purchased or sold are
allocated among the clients on a good faith equitable basis by Kayne Anderson in its discretion in
accordance with the clients various investment objectives and procedures adopted by Kayne Anderson
and approved by our Board of Directors. In some cases, this system may adversely affect the price
or size of the position we may obtain. In other cases, however, our ability to participate in
volume transactions may produce better execution for us.
25
We and our affiliates, including Affiliated Funds, may be precluded from co-investing in
private placements of securities, including in any portfolio companies that we control. Except as
permitted by law, Kayne Anderson will not co-invest its other clients assets in the private
transactions in which we invest. Kayne Anderson will allocate private investment opportunities
among its clients, including us, based on allocation policies that take into account several
suitability factors, including the size of the investment opportunity, the amount each client has
available for investment and the clients investment objectives. These allocation policies may
result in the allocation of investment opportunities to an Affiliated Fund rather than to us. The
policies contemplate that Kayne Anderson will exercise discretion, based on several factors
relevant to the determination, in allocating the entirety, or a portion, of such investment
opportunities to an Affiliated Fund, in priority to other prospectively interested advisory
clients, including us. In this regard, when applied to specified investment opportunities that
would normally be suitable for us, the allocation policies may result in certain Affiliated Funds
having greater priority than us to participate in such opportunities depending on the totality of
the considerations, including, among other things, our available capital for investment, our
existing holdings, applicable tax and diversification standards to which we may then be subject and
the ability to efficiently liquidate a portion of our existing portfolio in a timely and prudent
fashion in the time period required to fund the transaction.
The investment management fee paid to our Adviser is based on the value of our assets, as
periodically determined. A significant percentage of our assets may be illiquid securities acquired
in private transactions for which market quotations will not be readily available. Although we will
adopt valuation procedures designed to determine valuations of illiquid securities in a manner that
reflects their fair value, there typically is a range of prices that may be established for each
individual security. Senior management of our Adviser, our Board of Directors and its Valuation
Committee, and a third-party valuation firm participate in the valuation of our securities. See
Net Asset Value.
Our Adviser has not assumed any responsibility to us other than to provide the services
described in the investment management agreement, and it will not be responsible for any action of
our Board of Directors in declining to follow our Advisers advice or recommendations. Pursuant to
the investment management agreement, our Adviser and its members, managers, officers and employees
will not be liable to us under the investment management agreement for their acts absent willful
misconduct, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard in the performance of their duties.
We have agreed to indemnify, defend and protect our Adviser and its members, managers, officers and
employees with respect to all expenses, losses, damages, liabilities, demands, charges and claims
arising from acts of our Adviser not constituting willful misconduct, bad faith, gross negligence
or reckless disregard in the performance of their duties. These protections may lead our Adviser to
act in a riskier manner when acting on our behalf than it would when acting for its own account.
Risk of Owning Securities of Affiliates
From time to time, we may control or may be an affiliate of one or more of our portfolio
companies, each as defined in the 1940 Act. In general, under the 1940 Act, we would control a
portfolio company if we owned 25% or more of its outstanding voting securities and would be an
affiliate of a portfolio company if we owned 5% or more of its outstanding voting securities or
any of Kayne Andersons employees serves as a director of such company. The 1940 Act contains
prohibitions and restrictions relating to transactions between investment companies and their
affiliates (including our Adviser), principal underwriters and affiliates of those affiliates or
underwriters.
We believe that there is significant ambiguity in the application of existing SEC staff
interpretations of the term voting security to complex structures such as limited partnership
interests of MLPs in which we invest. As a result, it is possible that the SEC staff may consider
that the certain securities investments in limited partnerships are voting securities under the
staffs prevailing interpretations of this term. If such determination is made, we may be regarded
as a person affiliated with and controlling the issuer(s) of those securities for purposes of
Section 17 of the 1940 Act.
In light of the ambiguity of the definition of voting securities, we do not intend to treat
any class of limited partnership interests of MLPs we hold as voting securities unless the
security holders of such class currently have the ability, under the partnership agreement, to
remove the general partner (assuming a sufficient vote of such securities, other than securities
held by the general partner, in favor of such removal) or we have an economic interest of
sufficient size that otherwise gives us the de facto power to exercise a controlling influence over
such MLP. We believe this treatment is appropriate given that the general partner controls the MLP,
and without the ability to remove
26
the general partner or the power to otherwise exercise a controlling influence over the MLP
due to the size of an economic interest, the security holders have no control over the MLP.
There is no assurance that the SEC staff will not consider that other limited partnership
securities that we own and do not treat as voting securities are, in fact, voting securities for
the purposes of Section 17 of the 1940 Act. If such determination were made, we will be required to
abide by the restrictions on control or affiliate transactions as proscribed in the 1940 Act.
We or any portfolio company that we control, and our affiliates, may from time to time engage in
certain of such joint transactions, purchases, sales and loans in reliance upon and in compliance
with the conditions of certain exemptive rules promulgated by the SEC. We cannot assure you,
however, that we would be able to satisfy the conditions of these rules with respect to any
particular eligible transaction, or even if we were allowed to engage in such a transaction that
the terms would be more or as favorable to us or any company that we control as those that could be
obtained in arms length transaction. As a result of these prohibitions, restrictions may be imposed
on the size of positions that may be taken for us or on the type of investments that we could make.
Competition Risk
We operate in a highly competitive market for investment opportunities with competitors who
may have greater resources, a lower cost of capital and the ability to invest in Energy Companies
at interest rates and rates of return lower than those that we will offer or at other terms more
favorable than we will offer or require. This may cause us to lose investment opportunities or
cause us to invest on less favorable terms, and, as a result, the value of the shares you purchase
or the amount of any dividends you receive may decline.
Anti-Takeover Provisions
Our Charter, Bylaws and the Maryland General Corporation Law include provisions that could
limit the ability of other entities or persons to acquire control of us, to convert us to open-end
status, or to change the composition of our Board of Directors. We have also adopted other measures
that may make it difficult for a third party to obtain control of us, including provisions of our
Charter classifying our Board of Directors in three classes serving staggered three-year terms, and
provisions authorizing our Board of Directors to classify or reclassify shares of our stock in one
or more classes or series to cause the issuance of additional shares of our stock, and to amend our
Charter, without stockholder approval, to increase or decrease the number of shares of stock that
we have authority to issue. These provisions, as well as other provisions of our Charter and
Bylaws, could have the effect of discouraging, delaying, deferring or preventing a transaction or a
change in control that might otherwise be in the best interests of our stockholders. As a result,
these provisions may deprive our common stockholders of opportunities to sell their common stock at
a premium over the then current market price of our common stock. See Description of Capital
Stock.
Market Price Discount From Net Asset Value Risk
Shares of closed-end investment companies frequently trade at a discount to their net asset
value. This characteristic is a risk separate and distinct from the risk that our net asset value
could decrease as a result of our investment activities and may be greater for investors expecting
to sell their shares in a relatively short period following completion of this offering. Although
the value of our net assets is generally considered by market participants in determining whether
to purchase or sell shares, whether investors will realize gains or losses upon the sale of our
common stock depends upon whether the market price of our common stock at the time of sale is above
or below the investors purchase price for our common stock. Because the market price of our common
stock is affected by factors such as net asset value, Distribution levels (which are dependent, in
part, on expenses), supply of and demand for our common stock, stability of Distributions, trading
volume of our common stock, general market and economic conditions, and other factors beyond our
control, we cannot predict whether our common stock will trade at, below or above net asset value
or at, below or above the offering price.
Certain Affiliations
We are affiliated with KA Associates, Inc., a Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc.,
or FINRA, member broker-dealer. Absent an exemption from the SEC or other regulatory relief, we are
generally precluded from effecting certain principal transactions with affiliated brokers, and our
ability to utilize affiliated brokers for agency transactions
27
is subject to restrictions. This could limit our ability to engage in securities transactions
and take advantage of market opportunities.
Short Term Performance Risk
We could experience fluctuations in our quarterly operating results due to a number of
factors, including changes in the fair values of our portfolio investments, the interest rate
payable on the debt securities we acquire, the default rate on such securities, the level of
distributions (if any) on the equity interests we acquire, the level of our expenses, variations in
and the timing of the recognition of realized and unrealized gains or losses, the degree to which
we encounter competition in our markets and general economic conditions. As a result of these
factors, results for any period should not be relied upon as being indicative of performance in
future periods.
Investing in shares of our common stock is intended for investors seeking long-term capital
growth and income and is not meant to provide a vehicle for those who invest for short-term profit
potential. A significant portion of the portfolio securities we own
are generally illiquid. An
investment in our shares should not be considered a complete investment program. You should take
into account your investment objectives as well as your other investments when considering the
purchase of our common stock.
28
DISTRIBUTIONS
We have paid Distributions to common stockholders every fiscal quarter since inception.
The following table sets forth information about Distributions we paid to our common stockholders,
percentage participation by common stockholders in our dividend reinvestment program and
reinvestments and related issuances of additional shares of common stock as a result of such
participation (the information in the table is unaudited):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Percentage of |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Common Stockholders |
|
Amount of |
|
Additional Shares |
|
|
|
|
Electing to |
|
Corresponding |
|
of Common Stock |
|
|
|
|
Participate in |
|
Reinvestment |
|
Issued through |
Distribution Payment |
|
Amount of |
|
Distribution |
|
through Distribution |
|
Distribution |
Date to Common |
|
Distribution |
|
Reinvestment |
|
Reinvestment |
|
Reinvestment |
Stockholders |
|
per Share |
|
Program |
|
Program(1) |
|
Program(1) |
January 12, 2007 |
|
$0.220 |
|
0.9 |
% |
|
$19 |
|
|
April 26, 2007 |
|
0.320 |
|
8.7 |
|
|
277 |
|
11 |
July 26, 2007 |
|
0.400 |
|
11.1 |
|
|
443 |
|
17 |
October 26, 2007 |
|
0.405 |
|
13.6 |
|
|
552 |
|
23 |
January 17, 2008 |
|
0.410 |
|
14.4 |
|
|
594 |
|
|
May 1, 2008 |
|
0.415 |
|
13.6 |
|
|
569 |
|
22 |
July 31, 2008 |
|
0.420 |
|
16.2 |
|
|
685 |
|
31 |
October 30, 2008 |
|
0.420 |
|
17.3 |
|
|
734 |
|
|
January 29, 2009 |
|
0.350 |
|
15.9 |
|
|
562 |
|
|
April 30, 2009 |
|
0.350 |
|
12.6 |
|
|
445 |
|
|
July 30, 2009 |
|
0.300 |
|
13.3 |
|
|
404 |
|
31 |
October 29, 2009 |
|
0.300 |
|
11.9 |
|
|
362 |
|
30 |
January 28, 2010 |
|
0.300 |
|
12.5 |
|
|
380 |
|
26 |
April 29, 2010 |
|
0.300 |
|
12.8 |
|
|
390 |
|
26 |
July 29, 2010 |
|
0.300 |
|
12.3 |
|
|
376 |
|
26 |
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Numbers in thousands. |
We intend to continue to pay quarterly Distributions to our common stockholders, funded
in part by our net distributable income generated from our portfolio investments. The net
distributable income generated from our portfolio investments is the amount received by us as cash
or paid-in-kind distributions from Energy Companies, interest payments received on debt securities
owned by us and other payments on securities owned by us, if any, less operating expenses, current
taxes on our taxable income, if any, and our leverage costs. We expect that a significant portion
of our future Distributions will be treated as a return of capital to stockholders for tax
purposes.
Our quarterly Distributions to common stockholders, if any, will be determined by our Board of
Directors and will be subject to meeting the covenants of our Credit Facility, if any, and asset
coverage requirements of the 1940 Act. There is no assurance we will continue to pay regular
Distributions or that we will do so at a particular rate.
The 1940 Act generally limits our long-term capital gain distributions to one per year. This
limitation does not apply to that portion of our Distributions that is not characterized as
long-term capital gain (e.g., return of capital or distribution of interest income). Although we
have no current plans to do so, we may in the future apply to the SEC for an exemption from Section
19(b) of the 1940 Act and Rule 19b-1 thereunder permitting us to make periodic distributions of
long-term capital gains provided that our distribution policy with respect to our common stock
calls for periodic (e.g., quarterly) distributions in an amount equal to a fixed percentage of our
average NAV over a specified period of time or market price per common share at or about the time
of distribution or pay-out of a level dollar amount. We cannot assure you that if we apply for this
exemption, the requested relief will be granted by the SEC in a timely manner, if at all.
Because the cash distributions received from the MLPs in our portfolio are expected to exceed
the earnings and profits associated with owning such MLPs, we expect that a significant portion of
our Distributions will be paid from sources other than our current or accumulated earnings and
profits. The portion of the Distribution which exceeds our
29
current or accumulated earnings and profits will be treated as a return of capital to the
extent of a stockholders basis in our common stock, then as capital gain. See Tax Matters.
30
DISTRIBUTION REINVESTMENT PLAN
We have
adopted a distribution reinvestment plan (the DRIP) that provides that unless you elect
to receive your Distributions in cash, they will be automatically reinvested by the Plan
Administrator, American Stock Transfer & Trust Company (the Plan Administrator), in additional shares of our common stock.
If you elect to receive your Distributions in cash, you will receive them in cash paid by check
mailed directly to you by the Plan Administrator.
No action is required on the part of a registered stockholder to have such stockholders cash
Distribution reinvested in shares of our common stock. Unless you or your brokerage firm decides to
opt out of the DRIP, the number of shares of common stock you will receive will be determined as
follows:
(1) The number of shares to be issued to a stockholder shall be based on the share price equal
to 95% of the closing price of our common stock one day prior to the dividend payment date.
(2) Our Board of Directors may, in its sole discretion, instruct us to purchase shares of our
common stock in the open market in connection with the implementation of the DRIP as follows: if
our common stock is trading below NAV at the time of valuation, upon notice from us, the Plan
Administrator will receive the Distribution in cash and will purchase common stock in
the open market, on the NYSE or elsewhere, for the participants accounts, except that the Plan
Administrator will endeavor to terminate purchases in the open market and cause us to issue the
remaining shares if, following the commencement of the purchases, the market value of the shares,
including brokerage commissions, exceeds the NAV at the time of valuation. Provided the Plan
Administrator can terminate purchases on the open market, the remaining shares will be issued by us
at a price equal to the greater of (i) the NAV at the time of valuation or (ii) 95% of the
then-current market price. It is possible that the average purchase price per share paid by the
Plan Administrator may exceed the market price at the time of valuation, resulting in the purchase
of fewer shares than if the Distribution had been paid entirely in common stock issued
by us.
You may withdraw from the DRIP at any time by giving written notice to the Plan Administrator,
or by telephone in accordance with such reasonable requirements as we and the Plan Administrator
may agree upon. If you withdraw or the DRIP is terminated, you will receive a certificate for each
whole share in your account under the DRIP and you will receive a cash payment for any fraction of
a share in your account. If you wish, the Plan Administrator will sell your shares and send you the
proceeds, minus brokerage commissions. The Plan Administrator is authorized to deduct a $15
transaction fee plus a $0.10 per share brokerage commission from the proceeds.
The Plan Administrator maintains all common stockholders accounts in the DRIP and gives
written confirmation of all transactions in the accounts, including information you may need for
tax records. Common stock in your account will be held by the Plan Administrator in
non-certificated form. The Plan Administrator will forward to each participant any proxy
solicitation material and will vote any shares so held only in accordance with proxies returned to
us. Any proxy you receive will include all common stock you have
received under the DRIP.
There is no brokerage charge for reinvestment of your Distributions in common stock. However,
all participants will pay a pro rata share of brokerage commissions incurred by the Plan
Administrator when it makes open market purchases.
Automatically reinvesting Distributions does not mean that you do not have to pay income taxes
due upon receiving Distributions. See Tax Matters.
If you hold your common stock with a brokerage firm that does not participate in the DRIP, you
will not be able to participate in the DRIP and any dividend reinvestment may be effected on
different terms than those described above. Consult your financial advisor for more information.
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The
Plan Administrators fees under the DRIP will be borne by us. There is no direct service
charge to participants in the DRIP; however, we reserve the right to amend or terminate the DRIP,
including amending the DRIP to include a service charge payable by the participants, if in the
judgment of the Board of Directors the change is warranted. Any amendment to the DRIP, except
amendments necessary or appropriate to comply with applicable law or the rules and policies of the
SEC or any other regulatory authority, require us to provide at least 30 days written notice to
each participant. Additional information about the DRIP may be obtained from American Stock
Transfer & Trust Company at 59 Maiden Lane, New York, New York 10038.
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INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE AND POLICIES
Investment Objective
Our investment objective is to generate both current income and capital appreciation primarily
through equity and debt investments. Our investment objective is considered a fundamental policy
and therefore may not be changed without the approval of the holders of a majority of the
outstanding voting securities. When used with respect to our voting securities, a majority of the
outstanding voting securities means (i) 67% or more of the shares present at a meeting, if the
holders of more than 50% of the voting securities are present or represented by proxy, or (ii) more
than 50% of the voting securities, whichever is less. There can be no assurance that we will
achieve our investment objective.
Investment Policies
The following investment policies are considered non-fundamental and may be changed by the
board of directors without the approval of the holders of a majority of our voting securities,
provided that our securities holders receive at least 60 days prior written notice of any change.
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Under normal market conditions, we will invest at least 80% of our total assets in securities of
companies that derive the majority of their revenue from activities in the energy
industry (Energy Companies), including Midstream Energy Companies, Upstream Energy
Companies, and Other Energy Companies. |
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We may, but are not required to, use derivative investments and engage
in short sales to hedge against interest rate, currency or market risks. |
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We seek to enhance our total returns through the use of leverage,
which may include bank debt, other forms of borrowings and the
issuance of debt securities and preferred stock (each a Leverage Instrument and collectively, the
Leverage Instruments). There is no assurance that we will utilize leverage or, if
leverage is utilized, that it will be successful in enhancing the level of our total
return. Under normal market conditions, we expect to use leverage in an aggregate
amount equal to 20% to 30% of our total assets, which includes assets obtained
through such leverage. However, based on market conditions at the
time, we may use Leverage Instruments in amounts that represent
greater than 30% of our total assets to the extent permitted by the
1940 Act. |
Description of Energy Companies
Midstream Energy Companies. Midstream Energy Companies are businesses that operate assets
used to gather, transport, process, treat, terminal and store natural gas, natural gas liquids,
propane, crude oil or refined petroleum products. Services provided by Midstream Energy Companies
relating to natural gas include the treating, gathering, compression, processing, transmission and
storage of natural gas and the transportation, fractionation and storage of natural gas liquids
(primarily propane, ethane, butane and natural gasoline). Services provided by Midstream Energy
Companies relating to crude oil include the gathering, transportation, storage and terminalling of
crude oil. Services provided by Midstream Energy Companies relating to refined petroleum include
the transportation (usually via pipelines, barges, rail cars and trucks), storage and terminalling
of refined petroleum products (primarily gasoline, diesel fuel and jet fuel) and other hydrocarbon
by-products. Midstream Energy Companies may also operate ancillary businesses including the
marketing of the products and logistical services.
Upstream Energy Companies. Upstream Energy Companies are businesses engaged in the
exploration, extraction and production of natural resources, including natural gas, natural gas
liquids and crude oil, from onshore and offshore geological reservoirs. After extraction and
production, these natural resources are sold, either before or after they are processed and
transported, to various parties including Midstream Energy Companies, downstream energy businesses,
and retail or industrial end-users. As the underlying reserves of an Upstream Energy Company are
produced, the remaining reserves available are depleted. Upstream Energy Companies may seek to
maintain or expand their reserves and production through exploration of new sources of supply,
through the development of existing sources, or through purchases of reserves from other companies.
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Other Energy Companies. Other Energy Companies include businesses engaged in (a) owning,
leasing, managing, producing, processing and sale of coal and coal reserves; (b) the marine
transportation of crude oil, refined petroleum products, LNG, as well as other energy-related
natural resources using tank vessels and bulk carriers; and (c) refining, marketing and
distributing refined energy products, such as motor gasoline and propane to retail customers and
industrial end-users.
Form of Investments
A majority of our investments are in entities structured as MLPs, which includes both publicly
traded MLPs (Public MLPs) and non-traded MLPs (Private MLPs), which are non-traded limited
partnerships structured much like Public MLPs. MLPs are generally structured as limited
partnerships that have two classes of limited partner interests common units and subordinated
units. The general partner of the MLP is typically owned by an energy company, an investment fund,
the direct management of the limited partnership or is an entity owned by one or more of such
parties. The general partner interest may be held by either a private or publicly traded
corporation or other entity. In many cases, the general partner owns common units, subordinated
units and incentive distribution rights, or IDRs, in addition to its general partner interest in
the MLP.
MLPs are typically structured such that common units and general partner interests have first
priority to receive quarterly cash distributions up to an established minimum amount (minimum
quarterly distributions or MQD). Common units also accrue arrearages in distributions to the
extent the MQD is not paid. Once common units have been paid, subordinated units receive
distributions of up to the MQD; however, subordinated units do not accrue arrearages. Distributable
cash in excess of the MQD is distributed to both common and subordinated units generally on a pro
rata basis. Whenever a distribution is paid to either common unitholders or subordinated
unitholders, the general partner is paid a proportional distribution. The holders of IDRs (usually
the general partner) are eligible to receive incentive distributions if the general partner
operates the business in a manner which results in distributions paid per unit surpassing specified
target levels. As cash distributions to the limited partners increase, the IDRs receive an
increasingly higher percentage of the incremental cash distributions. A common arrangement provides
that the IDRs can reach a tier where the holder receives 48% of every incremental dollar paid to
partners. These IDRs encourage the general partner to streamline costs, increase capital
expenditures and acquire assets in order to increase the partnerships cash flow and raise the
quarterly cash distribution in order to reach higher tiers. Such results benefit all security
holders of the MLP.
Public MLPs
Public MLPs are publicly traded entities that are structured as limited partnerships or as
limited liability companies treated as partnerships for
federal income
tax purposes. The units for these entities
are listed and traded on a U.S. securities exchange. To qualify as a Public MLP, the entity must
receive at least 90% of its income from qualifying sources as set forth in Section 7704(d) of the
Code. These qualifying sources include natural resource-based activities such as
the exploration, development, mining, production, processing, refining, transportation, storage and
marketing of mineral or natural resources.
Private MLPs
Private MLPs are generally structured like Public MLPs with respect to having common and
subordinated limited partner interests, and general partner interests. However, Private MLPs are
not required to meet the qualified source of income as required by Section 7704 (d) of the Internal
Revenue Code. While Private MLPs may include IDRs, they also may include other units which provide
the general partner with incentives to growth the business prior to a triggering event such as a
sale or initial public offering.
Types of MLP Securities
The following summarizes in further detail certain features of MLP securities. Also
summarized below are certain features of I-Shares, which represent an ownership interest that is
issued by an affiliated party of an MLP.
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Common Units. Common units represent a limited partnership interest and may be listed and
traded on U.S. securities exchanges or over-the-counter, with their value fluctuating predominantly
based on prevailing market conditions and the success of the MLP. We purchase common units in
market transactions as well as in primary issuances directly from the MLP or other parties in
private placements. Unlike owners of common stock of a corporation, owners of common units have
limited voting rights and have no ability to annually elect directors. The MLPs in which we invest
generally distribute all available cash flow (cash flow from operations less maintenance capital
expenditures) in the form of quarterly distributions. Common units have first priority to receive
quarterly cash distributions up to the MQD and have arrearage rights. In the event of liquidation,
common units have preference over subordinated units, but not debt or preferred units, to the
remaining assets of the MLP.
Subordinated Units. Subordinated units are typically issued by MLPs to their original
sponsors, such as their management teams, corporate general partners, entities that sell assets to
the MLP, and outside investors such as us. We may purchase subordinated units from these persons as
well as newly-issued subordinated units from the MLPs. Subordinated units have similar limited
voting rights as common units and are generally not publicly traded. Once the MQD on the common
units, including any arrearages, has been paid, subordinated units receive cash distributions up to
the MQD. Unlike common units, subordinated units do not have arrearage rights. In the event of
liquidation, common units and general partner interests have priority over subordinated units.
Subordinated units are typically converted into common units on a one-to-one basis after certain
time periods and/or performance targets have been satisfied.
Subordinated units in which we may invest generally convert to common units at a
one-to-one ratio. The purchase or sale price of subordinated units is generally tied to the common
unit price less a discount. The size of the discount varies depending on the likelihood of
conversion, the length of time remaining to conversion, the size of the block purchased relative to
trading volumes, and other factors, including partnerships with smaller capitalization or companies
potentially having limited product lines, markets or financial resources, lacking management depth
or experience, and being more vulnerable to adverse general market or economic development than
larger more established companies.
General Partner Interests. General partner interests of MLPs are typically retained by
their original sponsors, such as its management teams, corporate partners, entities that sell
assets to the MLP, and investors such as us. A holder of general partner interests can be liable
under certain circumstances for amounts greater than the amount of the holders investment in the
general partner interest. General partner interests often confer direct board participation rights
and in many cases, operating control, over the MLP. General partner interests receive cash
distributions, typically 2% of the MLPs aggregate cash distributions. General partner interests
generally cannot be converted into common units. The general partner interest can be redeemed by
the MLP if the majority of the limited partners choose to remove the general partner, typically
with a supermajority vote.
Incentive Distribution Rights (IDRs). Holders of IDRs are entitled to a larger share
of the cash distributions after the distributions to common unit holders meet certain prescribed
levels. IDRs are generally owned by the same entities that own the general partner interests.
I-Shares. I-Shares represent an ownership interest issued by an affiliated party of an
MLP. The MLP affiliate uses the proceeds from the sale of I-Shares to purchase limited partnership
interests in the MLP in the form of i-units. I-units have similar features as MLP common units in
terms of voting rights, liquidation preference and distributions. However, rather than receiving
cash, the MLP affiliate receives additional i-units in an amount equal to the cash distributions
received by the holders of the MLP common units. Similarly, holders of I-Shares will receive
additional I-Shares, in the same proportion as the MLP affiliates receipt of i-units, rather than
cash distributions. I-Shares themselves have limited voting rights which are similar to those
applicable to MLP common units. The MLP affiliate issuing the I-Shares is structured as a
corporation for federal income tax purposes. The two existing I-Shares are traded on the NYSE.
Our Portfolio
Under normal market conditions, our portfolio investments will be allocated (i) between 50%
and 70% in equity securities of Private MLPs, (ii) between 30% and 50% in equity securities of
Public MLPs and (iii) between 0% and
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20% in debt securities of public and private Energy Companies. Such allocations may change
based on market conditions or the sale of one of our Private MLPs.
The following summarizes the securities that we currently own or are expected to invest in
based on current market conditions:
Private MLP Equity Securities. Our investments in Private MLPs are generally in the form of
common units, preferred units, or IDRs. We may, under certain circumstances also invest in
subordinated units and general partner interests. These securities are generally designed to pay
cash distributions, but we may agree to receive distributions in the form of additional securities
(which we refer to as Pay in Kind or PIK distributions) in certain circumstances.
Public MLP Securities. Our investments in Public MLPs and their affiliates are generally in
the form of common units or I-Shares. We may, under certain circumstances also invest in preferred
units, subordinated units, general partner interests or IDRs.
Debt Securities. The debt securities in which we invest are generally either senior or
subordinated securities, which may be secured with a first lien, a second lien or are unsecured.
The interest rates on such securities can be either fixed rate or variable rate. Such securities
may include a conversion feature which allows the holder to convert the debt into shares of the
issuer. We are permitted, but do not currently expect to make, investments in debt securities that
are perpetual in that they have no maturity date and debt securities that have zero coupon,
contingent or deferred interest or pay-in-kind features.
Additional Information About Our Portfolio Investments
To a lesser extent, we also may invest in the investments discussed below.
Mezzanine Investments. We may invest in rated or unrated subordinated debt or preferred
stock, in each case with warrants or other equity components (Mezzanine Investments). These
Mezzanine Investments will have a stated interest rate or preferred dividend, payable in cash, as
well as warrants or other equity features that will allow us to participate in the potential
increase in equity value. We may lend to such Energy Companies on a subordinated basis in
arrangements where the Energy Companies will have incurred or be permitted to incur debt that ranks
in right of payment equally with, or senior to, the companies obligations to us. By the terms of
such senior debt instruments, the holders of senior debt will be entitled to full payment of
principal or interest prior to us, which may prevent us from obtaining some or any value of our
investment in the event of an insolvency, liquidation, dissolution, reorganization or bankruptcy.
In the case of debt ranking equally with the subordinated debt that we own, we would have to share
on an equal basis any distributions with other creditors holding such debt in the event of an
insolvency, liquidation, dissolution, reorganization or bankruptcy. Subordinated debt will
typically bear interest at a higher rate than senior debt in order to compensate for greater credit
risk.
Preferred stock has a preference over common stock in liquidation but is subordinated to the
liabilities of the issuer in all respects. As a general rule, the market value of preferred stock
with a fixed dividend rate and no conversion element varies inversely with interest rates and
perceived credit risk, while the market price of convertible preferred stock generally also
reflects some element of conversion value. Because preferred stock is junior to debt securities and
other obligations of the issuer, deterioration in the credit quality of the issuer will cause
greater changes in the value of a preferred stock than in a more senior debt security with similar
stated yield characteristics. Unlike interest payments on debt securities, preferred stock
dividends are payable only if declared by the issuers board of directors. Preferred stock also may
be subject to optional or mandatory redemption provisions.
Warrants are securities issued by companies enabling the owners to subscribe to and purchase a
specified quantity of equity securities of the issuer at a specified price during a specified
period of time. The warrants in which we may invest may become exercisable for common units or
common shares upon the occurrence of specified liquidity events such as an initial public offering.
In certain instances, the class of warrants in which we may invest may convert to common units upon
specified liquidity events based on certain performance measures. The purchase of warrants involves
the risk that we could lose the purchase value of a right or warrant if the right to subscribe to
additional equity securities is not exercised prior to the warrants expiration. Also, the purchase
of warrants involves the risk that the
36
effective price paid for the warrant added to the subscription price of the related security
may exceed the value of the subscribed securitys market price such as when there is no movement in
the level of the underlying security.
Convertible Securities. A convertible security is a bond, debenture, note, preferred stock or
other security that may be converted into or exchanged for a prescribed amount of common stock or
other equity security of the same or a different issuer within a particular period of time at a
specified price or formula. A convertible security entitles the holder to receive interest paid or
accrued on debt or the dividend paid on preferred stock until the convertible security matures or
is redeemed, converted or exchanged.
Temporary Defensive Position. During periods in which the Adviser determines that it is
temporarily unable to follow our investment strategy or that it is impractical to do so, we may
deviate from our investment strategy and invest all or any portion of our assets in cash or cash
equivalents. The Advisers determination that it is temporarily unable to follow our investment
strategy or that it is impractical to do so will generally occur only in situations in which a
market disruption event has occurred and where trading in the securities selected through
application of our investment strategy is extremely limited or absent. In such a case, our shares
may be adversely affected and we may not pursue or achieve our investment objective.
Investment Practices
Interest Rate Swaps. We currently expect to utilize hedging techniques such as interest rate
swaps to mitigate potential interest rate risk on a portion of our Leverage Instruments. Such
interest rate swaps would principally be used to protect us against higher costs on our Leverage
Instruments resulting from increases in short-term interest rates. We anticipate that the majority
of our interest rate hedges will be interest rate swap contracts with financial institutions.
Covered Calls. To a lesser extent, we may write call options with the purpose of generating
realized gains or reducing our ownership of certain securities. We will only write call options on
securities that we hold in our portfolio (i.e., covered calls). A call option on a security is a
contract that gives the holder of such call option the right to buy the security underlying the
call option from the writer of such call option at a specified price at any time during the term of
the option. At the time the call option is sold, the writer of a call option receives a premium (or
call premium) from the buyer of such call option. If we write a call option on a security, we have
the obligation upon exercise of such call option to deliver the underlying security upon payment of
the exercise price. When we write a call option, an amount equal to the premium received by us will
be recorded as a liability and will be subsequently adjusted to the current fair value of the
option written. Premiums received from writing options that expire unexercised are treated by us as
realized gains from investments on the expiration date. If we repurchase a written call option
prior to its exercise, the difference between the premium received and the amount paid to
repurchase the option is treated as a realized gain or realized loss. If a call option is
exercised, the premium is added to the proceeds from the sale of the underlying security in
determining whether we have realized a gain or loss. We, as the writer of the option, bear the
market risk of an unfavorable change in the price of the security underlying the written option.
Use of Arbitrage and Other Derivative-Based Strategies. To a lesser extent, we may use short
sales, arbitrage and other strategies to try to generate additional return. As part of such
strategies, we may (i) engage in paired long-short trades to arbitrage pricing disparities in
securities held in our portfolio; (ii) purchase call options or put options, or (iii) sell
securities short. Paired trading consists of taking a long position in one security and
concurrently taking a short position in another security within the same or an affiliated issuer.
With a long position, we purchase a stock outright; whereas with a short position, we would sell a
security that we do not own and must borrow to meet our settlement obligations. We will realize a
profit or incur a loss from a short position depending on whether the value of the underlying stock
decreases or increases, respectively, between the time the stock is sold and when we replace the
borrowed security. See Risk Factors Risks Related to Our Investments and Investment Techniques
Short Sales Risk.
Other Risk Management Strategies. To a lesser extent, we may use various hedging and other
risk management strategies to seek to manage market risks. Such hedging strategies would be
utilized to seek to protect against possible adverse changes in the market value of securities held
in our portfolio, or to otherwise protect the value of our portfolio. We may execute our hedging
and risk management strategy by engaging in a variety of transactions,
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including buying or selling options or futures contracts on indexes. See Risk Factors Risks
Related to Our Investments and Investment Techniques Derivatives Risk.
Portfolio Turnover. We anticipate that our annual portfolio turnover rate will range between
10% and 30%, but the rate may vary greatly from year to year. Portfolio turnover rate is not
considered a limiting factor in the Advisers execution of investment decisions. A higher
portfolio turnover rate results in correspondingly greater brokerage commissions and other
transactional expenses that are borne by us. See Tax Matters.
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USE OF LEVERAGE
We generally will seek to enhance our total returns through the use of financial leverage,
which may include Leverage Instruments. Under normal market conditions, we expect to utilize
Leverage Instruments in an amount that represents 20%30% of our total assets. However, based on
market conditions at the time, we may use Leverage Instruments in amounts that represent greater
than 30% leverage to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act. As of August 31, 2010, we had $52
million borrowed on our Credit Facility which represented 20.8% of our total assets. Depending on
the type of Leverage Instruments involved, our use of financial leverage may require the approval
of our Board of Directors. We anticipate any Indebtedness being in the form of bank debt,
although we may use
other
forms of borrowings and debt securities issued by us. Leverage creates a greater risk of loss, as well
as potential for more gain, for our common stock than if leverage is not used. Our common stock is
junior in liquidation and distribution rights to our Leverage Instruments.
Leverage creates risk for our common stockholders, including the likelihood of greater
volatility of NAV and market price of the shares, and the risk of fluctuations in interest rates on
Leverage Instruments which may affect the return to the holders of our common stock or will result
in fluctuations in the Distributions paid by us on our common stock. To the extent the return on
securities purchased with funds received from Leverage Instruments exceeds their cost (including
increased expenses to us), our total return will be greater than if Leverage Instruments had not
been used. Conversely, if the return derived from such securities is less than the cost of Leverage
Instruments (including increased expenses to us), our total return will be less than if Leverage
Instruments had not been used, and therefore, the amount available for distribution to our common
stockholders will be reduced. In the latter case, our Adviser in its best judgment nevertheless may
determine to maintain our leveraged position if it expects that the long-term benefits of so
doing will outweigh the near-term impact of the reduced return to our common stockholders.
The fees paid to our Adviser are calculated on the basis of our total assets including
proceeds from Leverage Instruments. During periods in which we use financial leverage, the
investment management fee payable to our Adviser may be higher than if we did not use a leveraged
capital structure. Consequently, we and our Adviser may have differing interests in determining
whether to leverage our assets. Our Board of Directors monitors our use of Leverage Instruments and
this potential conflict. The use of leverage creates risks and involves special considerations. See
Risk Factors Additional Risks Related to Our Common Stock Leverage Risk to Common
Stockholders.
The Maryland General Corporation Law authorizes us, without prior approval of our common
stockholders, to borrow money. In this regard, we may obtain proceeds through Indebtedness and may
secure any such Indebtedness by mortgaging, pledging or otherwise subjecting as security our
assets. In connection with such Indebtedness, we may be required to maintain minimum average
balances with the lender or to pay a commitment or other fee to maintain a line of credit. Any such
requirements will increase the cost of Indebtedness over the stated interest rate.
Under the requirements of the 1940 Act, we, immediately after issuing any senior securities
representing indebtedness, must have an asset coverage of at least 300% after such issuance. With
respect to such issuance, asset coverage means the ratio which the value of our total assets, less
all liabilities and indebtedness not represented by senior securities (as defined in the 1940 Act),
bears to the aggregate amount of senior securities representing indebtedness issued by us.
The rights of our lenders to receive interest on and repayment of principal of any
Indebtedness will be senior to those of our common stockholders, and the terms of any such
Indebtedness may contain provisions which limit certain of our activities, including the payment of
Distributions to our common stockholders in certain circumstances. Under the 1940 Act, we may not
declare any dividend or other distribution on any class of our capital stock, or purchase any such
capital stock, unless our aggregate indebtedness has, at the time of the declaration of any such
dividend or distribution, or at the time of any such purchase, an asset coverage of at least 300%
after declaring the amount of such dividend, distribution or purchase price, as the case may be.
Further, the 1940 Act does (in certain circumstances) grant our lenders certain voting rights in
the event of default in the payment of interest on or repayment of principal.
Certain types of Leverage Instruments subject us to certain affirmative covenants relating to
asset coverage and portfolio composition and may impose special restrictions on our use of various
investment techniques or strategies or on our ability to pay Distributions on common stock in
certain circumstances. In addition, we are subject to certain
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negative covenants relating to transactions with affiliates, mergers and consolidations among
others. We also may become subject to certain restrictions on investments imposed by guidelines of
one or more rating agencies, which issue ratings for the Leverage Instruments issued by us. These
guidelines may impose asset coverage or portfolio composition requirements that are more stringent
than those imposed by the 1940 Act. It is not currently anticipated that these covenants or
guidelines will impede our Adviser from managing our portfolio in accordance with our investment
objective and policies.
In an event of default under any Indebtedness, the lenders have the right to cause a
liquidation of collateral and, if any such default is not cured, the lenders may be able to control
the liquidation as well. If an event of default occurs or in an effort to avoid an event of
default, we may be forced to sell securities at inopportune times and, as a result, receive lower
prices for such security sales.
Under the 1940 Act, we are not permitted to issue preferred stock unless immediately after
such issuance the value of our total assets less all liabilities and indebtedness not represented
by senior securities is at least 200% of the sum of the liquidation value of the outstanding
preferred stock plus the aggregate amount of senior securities representing indebtedness. In
addition, we are not permitted to declare any cash dividend or other distribution on our common
stock unless, at the time of such declaration, our preferred stock has an asset coverage of at
least 200%. If we issue preferred stock, we intend, to the extent possible, to purchase or redeem
it from time to time to the extent necessary in order to maintain asset coverage on such preferred
stock of at least 200%. In addition, as a condition to obtaining ratings on the preferred stock,
the terms of any preferred stock issued are expected to include asset coverage maintenance
provisions which will require the redemption of the preferred stock in the event of non-compliance
by us and may also prohibit dividends and other distributions on our common stock in such
circumstances. In order to meet redemption requirements, we may have to liquidate portfolio
securities. Such liquidations and redemptions would cause us to incur related transaction costs and
could result in capital losses to us. If we have preferred stock outstanding, two of our Directors
will be elected by the holders of preferred stock as a class. Our remaining Directors will be
elected by holders of our common stock and preferred stock voting together as a single class. In
the event we fail to pay dividends on our preferred stock for two years, holders of preferred stock
would be entitled to elect a majority of our Directors.
We may also borrow money as a temporary measure for extraordinary or emergency purposes,
including the payment of Distributions and the settlement of securities transactions which
otherwise might require untimely dispositions of our securities.
Effects of Leverage
The interest rates payable by us on our borrowings made under our Credit Facility may vary
between LIBOR plus 2.00% and LIBOR plus 3.00%. Outstanding loan balances accrue interest daily at a
rate of LIBOR plus 2.00% based on current borrowings and the current borrowing base. If
borrowings exceed the borrowing base attributable to quoted securities (generally defined as
equity investments in public MLPs and investments in bank debt and high yield bonds which are
traded), the interest rate will increase to LIBOR plus 3.00%. As of
August 31, 2010, we had
$52 million borrowed under our Credit Facility. We pay a
commitment fee of 0.50% per annum on
any unused amounts of the $70 million commitment for the Credit
Facility. Assuming 1-month LIBOR of 0.3%
and the commitment fee on the unused amount of the Credit Facility at August 31, 2010, our average
annual cost of leverage would be 2.47%. Total returns generated by our portfolio as of August 31,
2010 must exceed 0.88% in order to cover such expenses associated with leverage. These numbers are
merely estimates used for illustration; actual interest rates on the Indebtedness will vary
frequently and may be significantly higher or lower than the rate estimated above.
The following table is furnished in response to requirements of the SEC. It is designed to
illustrate the effect of leverage on common stock total return, assuming investment portfolio total
returns (comprised of income and changes in the value of securities held in our portfolio) of minus
10% to plus 10%. These assumed investment portfolio total returns are hypothetical figures and are
not necessarily indicative of the investment portfolio total returns experienced or expected to be
experienced by us. Further, the assumed investment portfolio total returns are after (net of) all
of our expenses other than expenses associated with leverage; but such leverage expenses are
deducted when determining the common stock total return. See Risk Factors Risks Related to Our
Business and Structure Use of Leverage.
The table further reflects the issuance of Leverage Instruments representing 20.8% of our
total assets (actual leverage at August 31, 2010) and our estimated leverage costs of 2.47%.
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Assumed Portfolio Total Return (Net of Expenses) |
|
|
(10 |
)% |
|
|
(5 |
)% |
|
|
0 |
% |
|
|
5 |
% |
|
|
10 |
% |
Common Stock Total Return |
|
|
(13.9 |
)% |
|
|
(7.5 |
)% |
|
|
(1.1 |
)% |
|
|
5.3 |
% |
|
|
11.6 |
% |
Common stock total return is composed of two elements: common stock Distributions paid by us
(the amount of which is largely determined by our net distributable income after paying interest on
our Leverage Instruments) and gains or losses on the value of the securities we own. As required by
SEC rules, the table above assumes that we are more likely to suffer capital losses than to
experience capital appreciation. For example, to assume a total return of 0% we must assume that
the distributions we receive on our investments is entirely offset by losses in the value of those
securities.
41
MANAGEMENT
Directors and Officers
Our business and affairs are managed under the direction of our Board of Directors, including
supervision of the duties performed by our Adviser. Our Board currently consists of six directors.
The Board of Directors consists of a majority of directors who are not interested persons as
defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the 1940 Act. We refer to these individuals as our Independent
Directors. The Board of Directors elects our officers, who serve at the Boards discretion, and
are responsible for our day-to-day operations. Additional information regarding our Board and its
committees is set forth under Management in our SAI.
Investment Adviser
KA Fund Advisors, LLC (KAFA) is our investment adviser and is registered with the SEC under
the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (Advisers Act). KAFA also is responsible for
managing our business affairs and providing certain clerical, bookkeeping and other administrative
services. KAFA is a Delaware limited liability company. The managing member of KAFA is Kayne
Anderson Capital Advisors, L.P. (KACALP), a California limited partnership and an investment
adviser registered with the SEC under the Advisers Act. Kayne Anderson has one general partner,
Kayne Anderson Investment Management, Inc., and a number of individual limited partners. Kayne
Anderson Investment Management, Inc. is a Nevada corporation controlled by Richard A. Kayne. Kayne
Andersons predecessor was established as an independent investment advisory firm in 1984.
KAFAs management of our portfolio is led by two of its Senior Managing Directors, Kevin S.
McCarthy and J.C. Frey, who have each served as our portfolio managers since inception in 2006. Our
portfolio managers draw on the experience and expertise of other professionals
at Kayne Anderson, including its Chairman, Richard Kayne, and its President and Chief Executive
Officer, Robert V. Sinnott, as well as James C. Baker, Richard J. Farber, David L. LaBonte, Ron M. Logan, Kurt Prohl,
Jody C. Meraz, Marc A. Minikes, Michael E. Schimmel and David O. Schumacher.
Kevin S. McCarthy has served as our Chief Executive Officer and he has served as the Chief
Executive Officer and co-portfolio manager of Kayne Anderson MLP Investment Company since June
2004, of Kayne Anderson Energy Total Return Fund since May 2005 and of Kayne Anderson
Midstream/Energy Energy Fund, Inc. since September 2010. Mr. McCarthy has served as a Senior
Managing Director at KACALP since June 2004 and of KAFA since 2006. Prior to that, Mr. McCarthy was
Global Head of Energy at UBS Securities LLC. In this role, Mr. McCarthy had senior responsibility
for all of UBS energy investment banking activities. Mr. McCarthy was with UBS Securities from
2000 to 2004. From 1995 to 2000, Mr. McCarthy led the energy investment banking activities of Dean
Witter Reynolds and then PaineWebber Incorporated. Mr. McCarthy began his investment banking career
in 1984. Mr. McCarthy earned a BA degree in Economics and Geology from Amherst College in 1981, and
an MBA degree in Finance from the University of Pennsylvanias Wharton School in 1984.
J.C. Frey is our Executive Vice President, Assistant Treasurer, Assistant Secretary and
co-portfolio manager, and is a Senior Managing Director of Kayne Anderson. Mr. Frey serves as
portfolio manager of Kayne Andersons funds investing in MLP securities, including service as a
co-portfolio manager, Executive Vice President, Assistant Secretary and Assistant Treasurer of
Kayne Anderson MLP Investment Company and Kayne Anderson Energy Total Return Fund. Mr. Frey began
investing in MLPs on behalf of Kayne Anderson in 1998 and has served as portfolio manager of Kayne
Andersons MLP funds since their inception in 2000. In addition to the closed-end funds, Mr. Frey
manages approximately $2 billion in assets in MLPs and Midstream Energy Companies and other Kayne
Anderson Funds. Prior to joining Kayne Anderson in 1997, Mr. Frey was a CPA and audit manager in
KPMG Peat Marwicks financial services group, specializing in banking and finance clients, and loan
securitizations. Mr. Frey graduated from Loyola Marymount University with a BS degree in Accounting
in 1990. In 1991, he received a Masters degree in Taxation from the University of Southern
California.
Richard A. Kayne is Chairman of Kayne Anderson and its affiliated broker-dealer, KA
Associates, Inc. Mr. Kayne began his career in 1966 as an analyst with Loeb, Rhodes & Co. in New
York. Prior to forming Kayne Andersons
42
predecessor in 1984, Mr. Kayne was a principal of Cantor Fitzgerald & Co., Inc., where he
managed private accounts, a hedge fund and a portion of the firms capital. Mr. Kayne is a trustee
of and the former Chairman of the Investment Committee of the University of California at Los
Angeles Foundation, and is a trustee and Co-Chairman of the Investment Committee of the Jewish
Community Foundation of Los Angeles. Mr. Kayne earned a BS degree in Statistics from Stanford
University in 1966 and an MBA degree from UCLAs Anderson School of Management in 1968.
Robert V. Sinnott is President and Chief Executive Officer for Kayne Anderson. Mr. Sinnott is
a member of the Board of Directors of Plains All American Pipeline, LP. He joined Kayne Anderson in
1992. From 1986 to 1992, Mr. Sinnott was Vice President and senior securities officer of Citibanks
Investment Banking Division, concentrating in high-yield corporate buyouts and restructuring
opportunities. From 1981 to 1986, Mr. Sinnott served as Director of corporate finance for United
Energy Resources, a pipeline company. Mr. Sinnott began his career in the financial industry in
1976 as a Vice President and debt analyst for Bank of America in its oil and gas finance
department. Mr. Sinnott graduated from the University of Virginia in 1971 with a BA degree in
Economics. In 1976, Mr. Sinnott received an MBA degree in Finance from Harvard University.
James C. Baker is a Senior Managing Director of Kayne Anderson, providing analytical support
for investments in the MLP area. He also serves as our Executive Vice President and as Executive
Vice President of Kayne Anderson MLP Investment Company, Kayne Anderson Energy Total Return Fund
and Kayne Anderson Midstream/Energy Fund, Inc. Prior to joining Kayne Anderson in 2004, Mr. Baker
was a Director in the energy investment banking group at UBS Securities LLC. At UBS, Mr. Baker
focused on securities underwriting and mergers and acquisitions in the MLP industry. Prior to
joining UBS in 2000, Mr. Baker was an Associate in the energy investment banking group at
PaineWebber Incorporated. Mr. Baker received a BBA degree in Finance from the University of Texas
at Austin in 1995 and an MBA degree in Finance from Southern Methodist University in 1997.
Richard J. Farber is a Senior Managing Director of Kayne Anderson. Mr. Farber is responsible
for trading and hedging, and serves as Portfolio Manager for arbitrage strategies. Mr. Farber joined Kayne
Anderson in 1994. From 1990 to 1994, Mr. Farber was vice president of Lehman Brothers Commodity
Risk Management Group, specializing in energy trading. Mr. Farber also worked at Lehman Brothers as
an institutional equity trader from 1988 to 1990. From 1985 to 1986, Mr. Farber was employed by
Salomon Brothers, Inc. as a mortgage bond analyst. Mr. Farber graduated from Franklin and Marshall
College in 1982 with a BA degree in Economics. In 1988, Mr. Farber received his MBA degree in
Finance from UCLAs Anderson School of Management.
David L. LaBonte is a Senior Managing Director of Kayne Anderson, responsible for coordinating
and providing research and analytical support in the MLP industry. Mr. LaBonte joined Kayne
Anderson from Citigroups Smith Barney unit, where he was a Managing Director in the U.S. Equity
Research Division responsible for providing research coverage of MLPs and other Midstream Energy
Companies. Mr. LaBonte worked at Smith Barney from 1998 until March 2005. Prior thereto, Mr.
LaBonte was a Vice President in the Investment Management Group of Wells Fargo Bank, where he was
responsible for research coverage of the natural gas pipeline industry and managing equity and
fixed-income portfolios. In 1993, Mr. LaBonte received his BS degree in Corporate Finance from
California Polytechnic University-Pomona.
Ron M. Logan, Jr. is a Managing Director of Kayne Anderson, and our Senior Vice President.
Prior to joining Kayne Anderson in 2006, Mr. Logan was an independent consultant to several leading
energy firms. From 2003 to 2005, he served as Senior Vice President of Ferrellgas Inc. with
responsibility for the firms supply, wholesale, transportation, storage, and risk management
activities. Before joining Ferrellgas, Mr. Logan was employed for six years by Dynegy Midstream
Services where he was Vice President of the Louisiana Gulf Coast Region and also headed the
companys business development activities. Mr. Logan began his career with Chevron Corporation in
1984, where he held positions of increasing responsibility in marketing, trading and commercial
development through 1997. Mr. Logan earned a BS degree in Chemical Engineering from Texas A&M
University in 1983 and an MBA degree from the University of Chicago in 1994.
Kurt Prohl is a Managing Director of Kayne Anderson. Prior to joining Kayne Anderson in 2007, Mr.
Prohl was a Vice President in the energy investment banking group at BMO Capital Markets. At BMO,
he focused on securities underwriting and mergers and
43
acquisitions across the energy sector, including the MLP industry. Prior to joining BMO in
2005, Mr. Prohl was a Director in the energy investment banking group at UBS Securities LLC and
Paine Webber Incorporated, focusing on the MLP industry. He began his finance career with the IBM
Credit Corporation in 1989. Mr. Prohl earned a BA degree in both Business and Political Science
from Lafayette College in 1989 and an MBA degree from the Amos Tuck School at Dartmouth College in
1996.
Jody C. Meraz is a research analyst for Kayne Anderson. He is responsible for providing
research coverage and analytical support in the MLP industry. Prior to joining Kayne Anderson in
2005, Mr. Meraz was a member of the energy investment banking group at Credit Suisse First Boston,
where he focused on securities underwriting transactions and mergers and acquisitions. From 2001 to
2003, Mr. Meraz was in the Merchant Energy group at El Paso Corporation. Mr. Meraz earned a BA
degree in Economics from the University of Texas at Austin in 2001 and an MBA degree in Finance and
Economics from the University of Chicago in 2010.
Marc A. Minikes is a research analyst for Kayne Anderson. He is responsible for providing
research coverage of the utility industry and marine transportation industry. Prior to
joining Kayne Anderson in 2006, Mr. Minikes was a member of the electric utility equity research
team at Citigroup Investment Research. Between 2002 and 2004 he worked as a research analyst at GE
Asset Management where he focused on high-yield securities in the utility, merchant power and
pipeline sectors. Mr. Minikes earned a BA degree in History from the University of Michigan in
1992, an MA degree in Latin American Studies from the University of California at Los Angeles in
1996 and an MBA degree in Finance and Economics from the University of Chicago in 2002. Mr. Minikes
is a Chartered Financial Analyst charterholder.
Michael E. Schimmel is a research analyst for Kayne Anderson. He is
responsible for co-managing the high yield bond and bank loan allocations within several Kayne
Anderson funds as well as serving as a research analyst for several industries. Prior to joining
Kayne Anderson in 2005, Mr. Schimmel was a credit analyst and convertible bond trader at Akanthos
Capital Management, LLC, a Los Angeles based hedge fund that specializes in convertible arbitrage
and capital structure arbitrage. From 1994 to 1999 and from 2001 to 2003, he worked as a high-yield
credit analyst at Trust Company of the West, where he followed several industries, including
industrials and cyclicals. Mr. Schimmel earned a BA degree in Economics from Pomona College in 1993
and an MBA degree from the UCLA Anderson School of Management in 2001.
David O. Schumacher is a research analyst for Kayne Anderson. He is responsible for providing
high-yield security analysis. Prior to joining Kayne Anderson in 2007, Mr. Schumacher was a
high-yield analyst at Trust Company of the West following the chemical, refining, paper/packaging,
industrial and service industries. From 2003 to 2005, he worked as a high-yield analyst at
Caywood-Scholl Capital Management, a San Diego based high-yield bond manager. Mr. Schumacher earned
a BA degree in Public Policy Analysis and Chemistry at Pomona College in 1994 and an MBA degree
from the UCLA Anderson School of Management in 2003.
Our SAI provides information about our portfolio managers compensation, other accounts
managed by them, and their ownership of securities issued by us.
The principal office of our Adviser is located at 717 Texas Avenue, Suite 3100, Houston, Texas
77002. KACALPs principal office is located at 1800 Avenue of the Stars, Second Floor, Los Angeles,
California 90067. For additional information concerning Kayne Anderson, including a description of
the services to be provided by our Adviser, see Investment Management Agreement below.
Investment Management Agreement
Pursuant to an investment management agreement (the Investment Management Agreement) between
us and our Adviser, we pay a management fee, computed and paid quarterly at an annual rate of 1.75%
of our average total assets.
For purposes of calculating the management fee, the average total assets for each quarterly
period are determined by averaging the total assets at the last day of that quarter with the total
assets at the last day of the prior quarter. Total assets (excluding deferred taxes) shall equal
gross asset value (which includes assets attributable to or proceeds from the use of leverage
instruments), minus the sum of accrued and unpaid Distributions on common and preferred stock
44
and accrued liabilities (other than liabilities associated with leverage and deferred taxes).
Liabilities associated with leverage include the principal amount of any borrowings, commercial
paper or notes that we may issue, the liquidation preference of outstanding preferred stock, and
other liabilities from other forms of leverage such as short positions and put or call options held
or written by us.
In addition to our Advisers management fee, we pay all other costs and expenses of our
operations, such as compensation of our Directors (other than those affiliated with Kayne
Anderson), custodian, transfer agency, administrative, accounting and dividend disbursing expenses,
legal fees, leverage expenses, expenses of independent auditors, expenses of personnel including
those who are affiliates of our Adviser reasonably incurred in connection with arranging or
structuring portfolio transactions for us, expenses of repurchasing our securities, expenses of
preparing, printing and distributing stockholder reports, notices, proxy statements and reports to
governmental agencies, and taxes, if any.
The Investment Management Agreement will continue in effect from year to year after its
current one-year term so long as its continuation is approved at least annually by our Board of
Directors including a majority of Independent Directors or the vote of a majority of our
outstanding voting securities. The continuation of the Investment Management Agreement for a
one-year term expiring on October 2, 2011 was so approved by our Board of Directors, including a
majority of Independent Directors. The Investment Management Agreement may be terminated at any
time without the payment of any penalty upon 60 days written notice by either party, or by action
of the Board of Directors or by a vote of a majority of our outstanding voting securities
(accompanied by appropriate notice). It also provides that it will automatically terminate in the
event of its assignment, within the meaning of the 1940 Act. This means that an assignment of the
Investment Management Agreement to an affiliate of our Adviser would normally not cause a
termination of the Investment Management Agreement.
Because our Advisers fee is based upon a percentage of our total assets, our Advisers fee
will be higher to the extent we employ financial leverage. In this regard, if we use leverage in
an amount equal to 30% of our total assets, the management fee payable to our Adviser would be
2.13% of our net assets attributable to common
stock. See Fees and Expenses.
45
NET ASSET VALUE
We determine our NAV as of the close of regular session trading on the NYSE no less frequently
than the last business day of each quarter, and make our NAV available for publication quarterly.
NAV is computed by dividing the value of all of our assets (including accrued interest and
distributions and current and deferred income tax assets), less all of our liabilities (including
accrued expenses, Distributions payable, current and deferred income taxes, and any Indebtedness),
and the liquidation value of any outstanding preferred stock, by the total number of shares
outstanding.
We may hold a substantial amount of securities that are privately issued or illiquid. For
these securities, as well as any other portfolio security held by us for which reliable market
quotations are not readily available, valuations will be determined by our Board of Directors under
a valuation policy and a consistently applied valuation process. Unless otherwise determined by our
Board of Directors, the following valuation process is used for such securities:
|
|
|
Investment Team Valuation. The applicable investments are initially
valued by senior investment professionals of our Adviser responsible for the
portfolio investments. |
|
|
|
|
Investment Team Valuation Documentation. Preliminary valuation
conclusions are documented and discussed with senior management of our Adviser.
Such valuations are submitted to the Valuation Committee (a committee of our Board
of Directors) on a quarterly basis. |
|
|
|
|
Valuation Committee. The Valuation Committee meets each quarter to
consider new valuations presented by our Adviser, if any, which were made in
accordance with procedures adopted by our Board of Directors in such quarter. The
Valuation Committees valuation determinations are subject to ratification by our
Board of Directors. |
|
|
|
|
Valuation Firm. No less than quarterly, a third-party valuation firm
engaged by our Board of Directors reviews the valuation methodologies and
calculations employed for these securities. The independent valuation firm provides
third-party valuation consulting services to the Board of Directors which consist of
certain limited procedures that we identified and requested them to perform. |
|
|
|
|
Board of Directors Determination. Our Board of Directors meets
quarterly to consider the valuations provided by our Adviser and the Valuation
Committee, and ratify valuations for the applicable securities. Our Board of
Directors considers the reports provided by the third-party valuation firm in
reviewing and determining in good faith the fair value of the applicable portfolio
securities. |
During the course of such valuation process, whenever possible, privately-issued equity and
debt investments are valued using comparisons of valuation ratios of the portfolio companies that
issued such equity and debt securities to any peer companies that are publicly traded. The value
derived from this analysis is then discounted to reflect the illiquid nature of the investment. We
also utilize comparative information such as acquisition transactions, public offerings or
subsequent equity sales to corroborate its valuations. Due to the inherent uncertainty of
determining the fair value of investments that do not have a readily available market value, the
fair value of our investments in privately-issued securities may differ significantly from the
values that would have been used had a ready market existed for such investments, and the
differences could be material.
Factors that we may take into account in fair value pricing its investments include, as
relevant, the portfolio companys ability to make payments and its earnings and discounted cash
flow, the markets in which the portfolio company does business, comparison to publicly traded
securities, the nature and realizable value of any collateral and other relevant factors.
Unless otherwise determined by our Board of Directors, securities that are convertible into or
otherwise will become publicly traded (e.g., through subsequent registration or expiration of a
restriction on trading) are valued through the process described above, using a valuation based on
the market value of the publicly traded security less a discount. The discount is initially equal
in amount to the discount negotiated at the time the purchase price is agreed to. To the extent
that such securities are convertible or otherwise become publicly traded within a time frame that
may be reasonably determined, our Adviser will determine an applicable discount in accordance with
a methodology approved by the Valuation Committee.
46
Publicly traded securities with a readily available market price listed on any exchange other
than the NASDAQ are valued, except as indicated below, at the last sale price on the business day
as of which such value is being determined. If there has been no sale on such day, the securities
are valued at the mean of the most recent bid and asked prices on such day. Securities admitted to
trade on the NASDAQ are valued at the NASDAQ official closing price. Portfolio securities traded on
more than one securities exchange are valued at the last sale price on the business day as of which
such value is being determined at the close of the exchange representing the principal market for
such securities.
Equity securities traded in the over-the-counter market, but excluding securities admitted to
trading on the NASDAQ, are valued at the closing bid prices. Debt securities that are considered
bonds are valued by using the mean of the bid and ask prices provided by an independent pricing
service. For debt securities that are considered bank loans, the fair market value is determined by
using the mean of the bid and ask prices provided by the syndicate bank or principal market maker.
When price quotes are not available, fair market value will be based on prices of comparable
securities. In certain cases, we may not be able to purchase or sell energy debt securities at the
quoted prices due to the lack of liquidity for these securities.
Any derivative transaction that we enter into may, depending on the applicable market
environment, have a positive or negative value for purposes of calculating our NAV. Exchange traded
options and futures contracts are valued at the last sales price at the close of trading in the
market where such contracts are principally traded or, if there was no sale on the applicable
exchange on such day, at the mean between the quoted bid and ask price as of the close of such
exchange.
Because we are a corporation that is obligated to pay income taxes we accrue income tax
liabilities and assets. As with any other asset or liability, our tax assets and liabilities
increase or decrease our net asset value.
We may rely to some extent on information provided by the MLPs, which may not
necessarily be timely, to estimate taxable income allocable to the MLP units held
in our portfolio and to estimate the associated deferred tax liability (or deferred tax asset).
Such estimates will be made in good faith. From time to time we will modify our estimates and/or
assumptions regarding our deferred tax liability (or deferred tax asset) as new information becomes
available. To the extent we modify our estimates and/or assumptions, our net asset value would
likely fluctuate.
Deferred income taxes reflect taxes on unrealized gains/(losses) which are attributable to the
difference between the fair market value and tax basis of our investments and the tax benefit of
accumulated capital or net operating losses. We will accrue a net deferred tax liability if our
future tax liability on our unrealized gains exceeds the tax benefit of our accumulated capital or
net operating losses, if any. We will accrue a net deferred tax asset if our future tax liability
on our unrealized gains is less than the tax benefit of our accumulated capital or net operating
losses or if we have net unrealized losses on our investments.
To the extent we have a net deferred tax asset; consideration is given as to whether or not a
valuation allowance is required. The need to establish a valuation allowance for deferred tax
assets is assessed periodically based on the criterion established by the Statement of Financial
Standards, Accounting for Income Taxes (ASC 740) that it is more likely than not that some portion
or all of the deferred tax asset will not be realized. In our assessment for a valuation allowance,
consideration is given to all positive and negative evidence related to the realization of the
deferred tax asset. This assessment considers, among other matters, the nature, frequency and
severity of current and cumulative losses, forecasts of future profitability (which are highly
dependent on future MLP cash distributions), the duration of statutory carryforward
periods and the associated risk that capital or net operating loss carryforwards may expire unused.
Recovery of a deferred tax asset is dependent on continued payment of the MLP cash
distributions and the resultant generation of taxable income. Unexpected significant decreases in
MLP cash distributions or significant declines in the fair value of our portfolio of investments
may change our assessment regarding the recoverability of a deferred tax asset and would likely
result in a valuation allowance.
If a valuation allowance is required to reduce a deferred tax asset in the future, it could
have a material impact on our net asset value and results of operations in the period it is
recorded.
47
DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK
The following description is based on relevant portions of the Maryland General Corporation
Law and on our Charter and Bylaws. This summary is not necessarily complete, and we refer you to
the Maryland General Corporation Law and our Charter and Bylaws for a more detailed description of
the provisions summarized below.
Capital Stock
Our authorized capital consists of 200,000,000 shares of common stock, $0.001 par value per
share. There are no outstanding options or warrants to purchase our stock. No stock has been
authorized for issuance under any equity compensation plans. Under Maryland law, our stockholders
generally are not personally liable for our debts or obligations.
Our Board of Directors may, without any action by our stockholders, amend our Charter from
time to time to increase or decrease the aggregate number of shares of stock or the number of
shares of any class or series that we have authority to issue under our Charter and under the 1940
Act. Additionally, our Charter authorizes the Board of Directors to classify and reclassify any
unissued common stock into other classes or series of preferred stock from time to time by setting
or changing the terms, preferences, conversion or other rights, voting powers, restrictions,
limitations as to dividends or other distributions, qualifications and terms and conditions of
redemption for each class or series. Although we have no present intention of doing so, we could
issue a class or series of stock that could delay, defer or prevent a transaction or change in
control of us that might otherwise be in the stockholders best interest. Under Maryland law,
stockholders generally are not liable for our debts or obligations.
Common Stock
General. As of September 30, 2010, we had 10,242,094 shares of common stock outstanding.
Shares of our common stock are listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol KED.
All common stock offered pursuant to this prospectus and any related prospectus supplement
will be, upon issuance, duly authorized, fully paid and nonassessable. All common stock offered
pursuant to this prospectus and any related prospectus supplement will be of the same class and
will have identical rights, as described below. Holders of shares of common stock are entitled to
receive Distributions when authorized by the Board of Directors and declared by us out of assets
legally available for the payment of Distributions. Holders of common stock have no preference,
conversion, exchange, sinking fund, redemption or appraisal rights and have no preemptive rights to
subscribe for any of our securities. Shares of common stock are freely transferable, except where
their transfer is restricted by federal and state securities laws or by contract. All shares of
common stock have equal earnings, assets, distribution, liquidation and other rights.
Distributions. Distributions may be paid to the holders of our common stock if, as and when
authorized by our Board of Directors and declared by us out of funds legally available therefore.
The yield on our common stock will likely vary from period to period depending on factors
including the following:
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market conditions; |
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the timing of our investments in portfolio securities; |
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the securities comprising our portfolio; |
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changes in interest rates (including changes in the relationship between
short-term rates and long-term rates); |
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the amount and timing of the use of borrowings and other leverage by us; |
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the effects of leverage on our common stock; |
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the timing of the investment of offering proceeds and leveraged proceeds
in portfolio securities; and |
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our net assets and operating expenses. |
48
Consequently, we cannot guarantee any particular yield on our common stock, and the yield for any
given period is not an indication or representation of future yield on the common stock.
Limitations on Distributions. So long as we are subject to the terms of our Credit Facility, our
ability to make Distributions with respect to our capital stock may be restricted. The terms of
our Credit Facility allow us to make certain Distributions to the holders of shares of our common
stock if there is no event of default existing and our borrowings do not exceed 90% of our
borrowing base after giving effect to the Distribution. If our borrowings exceed 90% of our
borrowing base, we are restricted in paying Distributions to no more than the amount of
distributable cash flow for the current and prior three quarters.
Liquidation Rights. Common stockholders are entitled to share ratably in the assets legally
available for distribution to stockholders in the event of liquidation, dissolution or winding up,
after payment of or adequate provision for all known debts and liabilities, including any
outstanding debt securities or other borrowings and any interest thereon. These rights are subject
to the preferential rights of any other class or series of our stock, including any preferred
stock.
Voting Rights. Each outstanding share of common stock entitles the holder to one vote on all
matters submitted to a vote of the stockholders, including the election of directors. The presence
of the holders of shares of common stock entitled to cast a majority of the votes entitled to be
cast shall constitute a quorum at a meeting of stockholders. Our Charter provides that, except as
otherwise provided in the Bylaws, directors shall be elected by the affirmative vote of the holders
of a majority of the shares of stock outstanding and entitled to vote thereon. There is no
cumulative voting in the election of directors. Consequently, at each annual meeting of
stockholders, the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of stock entitled to vote will be
able to elect all of the successors of the class of directors whose terms expire at that meeting.
Pursuant to our Charter and Bylaws, the Board of Directors may amend the Bylaws to alter the vote
required to elect directors.
Under the rules of the NYSE applicable to listed companies, we normally will be required to
hold an annual meeting of stockholders in each fiscal year. If we are converted into an open-end
company or if for any reason the shares are no longer listed on the NYSE (or any other national
securities exchange the rules of which require annual meetings of stockholders), we may amend our
Bylaws so that we are not otherwise required to hold annual meetings of stockholders.
Issuance of Additional Shares. The provisions of the 1940 Act generally require that the
public offering price of common stock of a closed-end investment company (less underwriting
commissions and discounts) must equal or exceed the NAV of such companys common stock (calculated
within 48 hours of pricing), unless such sale is made with the consent of a majority of the
companys outstanding common stockholders. Any sale of common stock by us will be subject to the
requirement of the 1940 Act.
At our 2010 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, our stockholders approved a proposal that
authorizes us to sell shares of our common stock at a net price, after deducting underwriting fees
and offering expenses, below the current NAV per share of such stock, subject to certain
conditions. We have represented that we will only sell shares of our common stock at a price below
NAV per share if both of the following conditions are met:
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1. |
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A majority of our Independent Directors make a
determination, based on information and a recommendation
from our Adviser, that the investment(s) to be made with
the net proceeds of such issuance will lead to a long-term
increase in the NAV. |
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2. |
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Immediately following the offering of common stock, after
deducting offering expenses and underwriting fees and
commissions, the NAV per share of the common stock, as
determined at any time within two business days of pricing
of the common stock to be sold, would not have been diluted
by greater than a total of 5% of such value per share of
all outstanding common stock. We will not be subject to a
maximum number of shares that can be sold or a defined
minimum sales price per share in any offering so long as
the aggregate number of shares offered and the price at
which such shares are sold in one transaction (or a series
of related transactions) together would not result in
dilution of the NAV per share of our common stock in excess
of the 5% limitation. |
This authorization will remain in force until the date of our 2011 Annual Meeting of
Stockholders, which is expected to be held in June 2011. We intend to set forth a similar proposal
at our 2011 Annual Meeting of
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Stockholders, as well as in subsequent years; however, there is no guarantee that this
authorization will be continued from year to year in the future.
Certain Provisions of the Maryland General Corporation Law and our Charter and Bylaws
The Maryland General Corporation Law and our Charter and Bylaws contain provisions that could
make it more difficult for a potential acquiror to acquire us by means of a tender offer, proxy
contest or otherwise. These provisions are expected to discourage certain coercive takeover
practices and inadequate takeover bids and to encourage persons seeking to acquire control of us to
negotiate first with our Board of Directors. We believe the benefits of these provisions outweigh
the potential disadvantages of discouraging any such acquisition proposals because, among other
things, the negotiation of such proposals may improve their terms.
Classified Board of Directors. Our Board of Directors is divided into three classes of
directors serving staggered three-year terms. The current terms for the first, second and third
classes will expire in 2013, 2011 and 2012, respectively. Upon expiration of their current terms,
directors of each class will be elected to serve for three-year terms and until their successors
are duly elected and qualify and each year one class of directors will be elected by the
stockholders. A classified board may render a change in control of us or removal of our incumbent
management more difficult. We believe, however, that the longer time required to elect a majority
of a classified Board of Directors will help to ensure the continuity and stability of our
management and policies.
Election of Directors. Our Charter and Bylaws provide that the affirmative vote of the holders
of a majority of the outstanding shares of stock entitled to vote in the election of directors will
be required to elect a director. As noted above, pursuant to our Charter, our Board of Directors
may amend the Bylaws to alter the vote required to elect directors.
Number of Directors; Vacancies; Removal. Our Charter provides that the number of directors
will be set only by the Board of Directors in accordance with our Bylaws. Our Bylaws provide that a
majority of our entire Board of Directors may at any time increase or decrease the number of
directors. However, unless our Bylaws are amended, the number of directors may never be less than
the minimum number required by the Maryland General Corporation Law or more than fifteen. Our
Charter provides that, at such time as we have at least three independent directors and our common
stock is registered under the Exchange Act, we elect to be subject to the provision of Subtitle 8
of Title 3 of the Maryland General Corporation Law regarding the filling of vacancies on the Board
of Directors. Accordingly, except as may be provided by the Board of Directors in setting the terms
of any class or series of preferred stock, any and all vacancies on the Board of Directors may be
filled only by the affirmative vote of a majority of the remaining directors in office, even if the
remaining directors do not constitute a quorum, and any director elected to fill a vacancy will
serve for the remainder of the full term of the directorship in which the vacancy occurred and
until a successor is elected and qualifies, subject to any applicable requirements of the 1940 Act.
Our Charter provides that a director may be removed only for cause, as defined in the Charter,
and then only by the affirmative vote of at least two-thirds of the votes entitled to be cast in
the election of directors.
Action by Stockholders. Under the Maryland General Corporation Law, stockholder action can be
taken only at an annual or special meeting of stockholders or, unless the charter provides for
stockholder action by less than unanimous written consent (which is not the case for our Charter),
by unanimous written consent in lieu of a meeting. These provisions, combined with the requirements
of our Bylaws regarding the calling of a stockholder-requested special meeting of stockholders
discussed below, may have the effect of delaying consideration of a stockholder proposal until the
next annual meeting.
Advance Notice Provisions for Stockholder Nominations and Stockholder Proposals. Our Bylaws
provide that with respect to an annual meeting of stockholders, nominations of persons for election
to the Board of Directors and the proposal of business to be considered by stockholders may be made
only (1) pursuant to our notice of the meeting, (2) by the Board of Directors or (3) by a
stockholder who is entitled to vote at the meeting and who has complied with the advance notice
procedures of the Bylaws. With respect to special meetings of stockholders, only the business
specified in our notice of the meeting may be brought before the meeting. Nominations of persons
for election to the Board of Directors at a special meeting may be made only (1) pursuant to our
notice of the meeting, (2) by the Board of Directors or (3) provided that the Board of Directors
has determined that directors will be elected at the meeting, by
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a stockholder who is entitled to vote at the meeting and who has complied with the advance
notice provisions of the Bylaws.
Calling of Special Meetings of Stockholders. Our Bylaws provide that special meetings of
stockholders may be called by our Board of Directors and certain of our officers. Additionally, our
Bylaws provide that, subject to the satisfaction of certain procedural and informational
requirements by the stockholders requesting the meeting, a special meeting of stockholders will be
called by the secretary of the corporation upon the written request of stockholders entitled to
cast not less than a majority of all the votes entitled to be cast at such meeting.
Approval of Extraordinary Corporate Action; Amendment of Charter and Bylaws. Under Maryland
law, a Maryland corporation generally cannot dissolve, amend its charter, merge, sell all or
substantially all of its assets, engage in a share exchange or engage in similar transactions
outside the ordinary course of business, unless approved by the affirmative vote of stockholders
entitled to cast at least two-thirds of the votes entitled to be cast on the matter. However, a
Maryland corporation may provide in its charter for approval of these matters by a lesser
percentage, but not less than a majority of all of the votes entitled to be cast on the matter. Our
Charter generally provides for approval of Charter amendments and extraordinary transactions by the
stockholders entitled to cast at least a majority of the votes entitled to be cast on the matter.
Our Charter also provides that certain Charter amendments and any proposal for our conversion,
whether by merger or otherwise, from a closed-end company to an open-end company or any proposal
for our liquidation or dissolution requires the approval of the stockholders entitled to cast at
least 80 percent of the votes entitled to be cast on such matter. However, if such amendment or
proposal is approved by at least 80 percent of our continuing directors (in addition to approval by
our Board of Directors), such amendment or proposal may be approved by a majority of the votes
entitled to be cast on such a matter. The continuing directors are defined in our Charter as our
current directors as well as those directors whose nomination for election by the stockholders or
whose election by the directors to fill vacancies is approved by a majority of the continuing
directors then on the Board of Directors. Our Charter and Bylaws provide that the Board of
Directors will have the exclusive power to adopt, alter or repeal any provision of our Bylaws and
to make new Bylaws.
Debt Securities
Under Maryland law and our Charter, we may borrow money, without prior approval of holders of
common and preferred stock to the extent permitted by our investment restrictions and the 1940 Act.
We may issue debt securities or other evidence of indebtedness (including bank borrowings) and may
secure any such notes or borrowings by mortgaging, pledging or otherwise subjecting as security our
assets to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act or rating agency guidelines. Any borrowings will
rank senior to the common stock and the preferred stock (if any).
General. On March 30, 2010, we entered into our Credit Facility pursuant to a secured credit
agreement with the financial institutions party thereto from time to time as lenders, Suntrust
Bank, as administrative agent, Citibank N.A., as syndication agent, UBS Securities LLC, as
documentation agent, and Suntrust Robinson Humphrey, Inc., as arranger and book manager. The
Credit Facility provides for revolving and swingline loans in an aggregate amount not to exceed the
lesser of (i) $70 million and (ii) our borrowing base, which is comprised of the sum of the advance
rates of the value of our portfolio investments as set forth in the Credit Facility. Our
obligations arising under the Credit Facility are secured and are senior in right of payment to any
of our other indebtedness or obligations to the extent of the value of the assets that secure such
obligations. The Credit Facility will terminate on the earliest of (x) March 30, 2013, (y) our
termination of the Credit Facility, and (z) the termination of the Credit Facility by the lenders
upon the occurrence and continuance of an event of default under the Credit Facility.
Interest. The loans under the Credit Facility will accrue interest at either (a) the base rate
(which is the higher of (i) Suntrust Banks prime rate, (ii) the Federal funds rate plus 1/2% per
annum or (iii) one-month LIBOR rate plus 1.00%) or (b) the one-month, two-month, three-month or
six-month LIBOR rate plus, in each case, applicable margin. The applicable margin is 1.00% per
annum for base rate loans and 2.00% per annum for LIBOR rate loans, provided, that, at any time the
aggregate amount of loans under the Credit Facility exceeds the sums of the advance rates of the
value of certain of our portfolio investments that constitute cash, cash equivalents and securities
for which quotations are available, applicable margin will be 2.00% per annum for base rate loans
and 3.00% for LIBOR rate loans. Interest on debt securities shall be payable when due. If we do
not pay interest when due, it will trigger an event of default and we will be restricted from
declaring dividends and making other distributions with respect to our common stock and preferred
stock (if any).
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Financial Covenants. The Credit Facility contains certain financial covenants which (a)
require us to maintain asset coverage of at least 300%, and (b) prohibit us from permitting (i) the
value of our portfolio investments that generally can be converted into cash to be less than 10% of the aggregate amount borrowed under the Credit Facility during any period when the aggregate amount borrowed
under the Credit Facility is greater than 90% of our borrowing base under the Credit Facility, and
(ii) our shareholders equity at the last day of any fiscal quarter to be less than the greater of
(x) 40% of our total assets as of the last day of such fiscal quarter (determined in accordance
with GAAP) and (ii) $70 million plus 25% of the net proceeds of the sale of our capital stock.
Certain Negative Covenants. The Credit Facility includes certain negative covenants that are
typical for transactions of this nature. These negative covenants include a restriction on the
incurrence of additional indebtedness, making of Distributions without respect to our capital
stock, and the issuance of certain preferred stock, in each case, subject to certain exceptions.
Limitations under the 1940 Act. Under the requirements of the 1940 Act, immediately after
issuing any senior securities representing indebtedness, we must have an asset coverage of at least
300%. Asset coverage means the ratio which the value of our total assets, less all liabilities and
indebtedness not represented by senior securities, bears to the aggregate amount of senior
securities representing indebtedness. Under the 1940 Act, we may only issue one class of senior
securities representing indebtedness. So long as any obligations under the Credit Facility are
outstanding, additional debt securities must rank on a parity with our obligations under the Credit
Facility with respect to the payment of interest and upon the distribution of our assets.
Borrowings also may result in our being subject to covenants in credit agreements that may be more
stringent than the restrictions imposed by the 1940 Act.
Prepayment. To the extent permitted under the 1940 Act and Maryland law, we may, at our
option, prepay our obligations under the Credit Facility, in whole or in part, at any time from
time to time, upon advance prior notice, without penalty or premium except for the reimbursement of
certain costs incurred by the lenders in connection with prepayment of a loan accruing interest at
the LIBOR rate before the end of the applicable interest period.
Events of Default and Acceleration of Obligations under Credit Facility; Remedies. Any one of
the following events will constitute an event of default under the terms of the Credit Facility:
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default in the payment of any interest upon a series of debt securities
when it becomes due and payable and the continuance of such default for 3 business
days; |
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default in the payment of the principal of any loan under the Credit
Facility whether at its stated maturity or at a date fixed for prepayment or by
declaration or otherwise; |
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default in the performance, or breach, of any financial covenants, any
negative covenants and affirmative covenants concerning the timely notification of
the lenders of events of default, maintenance of corporate existence and the timely
provision of financial statements to the lenders; |
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default in the performance, or breach, of any covenant (other than those
covenants described above) of ours under the terms of certain of any material
indebtedness other than amounts borrowed under the Credit Facility, and continuance of such default or breach for a period of 30 days
after the earlier of (1) any of our officers obtaining actual knowledge of such
default and (2) our receipt of written notice of such default from any lender or
agent; |
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Our Adviser or a permitted affiliate ceases to retain its
advisory duties over us; |
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if the aggregate principal amount of the outstanding loans under the
Credit Facility exceeds our borrowing base for a period of 5 or more consecutive
days; |
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certain voluntary or involuntary proceedings involving us and relating
to bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar laws; |
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other defaults with respect to Borrowings in an aggregate principal
amount of at least $5.0 million, including payment defaults and any other default
that would cause (or permit the holders of such Borrowings to declare) such
Borrowings to be due prior to stated maturity; |
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if our representations and warranties or any representations and
warranties of our officers made in connection with transactions relating to the
Credit Facility prove to have been incorrect when made; |
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if the liens securing the obligations under the Credit Facility shall
for any reason cease to be valid and perfected, or the security documents entered
into in connection with the Credit Facility shall for any reason cease to be valid
and binding on us; and |
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other certain events of default provided with respect to the Credit
Facility that are typical for Borrowings of this type. |
Upon the occurrence and continuance of an event of default, the holders of a majority in
principal amount of the obligations arising under the Credit Facility may, upon written notice to
us, declare such obligations immediately due and payable, terminate the commitments to make loans
or extend credit under the Credit Facility, exercise all remedies under any agreements relating to
the Credit Facility or at law or equity, including, without limitation, foreclosing on our assets
that secure the obligations under the Credit Facility. Upon an event of default relating to
bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar laws, acceleration of maturity occurs automatically with
respect to all obligations under the Credit Facility and all the commitments to make loans and
extend credit under the Credit Facility terminate.
Liquidation Rights. In the event of (a) any insolvency or bankruptcy case or proceeding, or
any receivership, liquidation, reorganization or other similar case or proceeding in connection
therewith, relative to us or to our creditors, as such, or to our assets, or (b) any liquidation,
dissolution or other winding up of us, whether voluntary or involuntary and whether or not
involving insolvency or bankruptcy, or (c) any assignment for the benefit of creditors or any other
marshalling of assets and liabilities of ours, then (after any payments with respect to any secured
creditor of ours outstanding at such time) and in any such event the lenders shall be entitled to
receive payment in full of all amounts due or to become due on or in respect of all debt securities
(including any interest accruing thereon after the commencement of any such case or proceeding), or
provision shall be made for such payment in cash or cash equivalents or otherwise in a manner
satisfactory to the lenders under the Credit Facility, before the holders of any of our common or
preferred stock are entitled to receive any payment on account of any redemption proceeds,
liquidation preference or dividends from such shares. The lenders under the Credit Facility shall
be entitled to receive, for application to the payment thereof, any payment or distribution of any
kind or character, whether in cash, property or securities, including any such payment or
distribution which may be payable or deliverable by reason of the payment of any other indebtedness
of ours being subordinated to the payment of our obligations under the Credit Facility, which may
be payable or deliverable in respect of our obligations under the Credit Facility in any such case,
proceeding, dissolution, liquidation or other winding up event.
Unsecured creditors of ours may include, without limitation, service providers including our
Adviser, custodian, administrator, broker-dealers and the trustee, pursuant to the terms of various
contracts with us. Secured creditors of ours may, in addition to the lenders under the Credit
Facility, include without limitation parties entering into any interest rate swap, floor or cap
transactions, or other similar transactions with us that create liens, pledges, charges, security
interests, security agreements or other encumbrances on our assets.
A consolidation, reorganization or merger of us with or into any other company, or a sale,
lease or exchange of all or substantially all of our assets in consideration for the issuance of
equity securities of another company shall not be deemed to be a liquidation, dissolution or
winding up of us.
Voting Rights. The lenders of the Credit Facility have no voting rights, except to the extent
required by law. The 1940 Act does in certain circumstances grant to the lenders certain voting
rights in the event of default in the payment of interest on or repayment of principal.
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OUR STRUCTURE; COMMON STOCK REPURCHASES
AND CHANGE IN OUR STRUCTURE
Closed-End Structure
Closed-end funds differ from open-end management investment companies (commonly referred to as
mutual funds). Closed-end funds generally list their shares for trading on a securities exchange
and do not redeem their shares at the option of the stockholder. In contrast, mutual funds issue
securities redeemable at NAV at the option of the stockholder and typically engage in a continuous
offering of their shares. Mutual funds are subject to continuous asset in-flows and out-flows that
can complicate portfolio management, whereas closed-end funds generally can stay more fully
invested in securities consistent with the closed-end funds investment objective and policies.
Accordingly, closed-end funds have greater flexibility than open-end funds to make certain types of
investments, including investments in illiquid securities.
Shares of closed-end investment companies listed for trading on a securities exchange
frequently trade at a discount to their NAV, but in some cases trade at a premium. See Market and
Net Asset Value Information for a summary of our trading history. The market price may be
affected by NAV, Distribution levels (which are dependent, in part, on expenses), supply of and
demand for the shares, stability of Distributions, trading volume of the shares,
general market and economic conditions and other factors beyond the control of the closed-end fund.
The foregoing factors may result in the market price of our common stock being greater than, less
than or equal to NAV. The Board of Directors has reviewed our structure in light of our investment
objective and policies and has determined that the closed-end structure is in the best interests of
our stockholders. However, the Board of Directors may review periodically the trading range and
activity of our shares with respect to our NAV and may take certain actions to seek to reduce or
eliminate any such discount. Such actions may include open market repurchases or tender offers for
our common stock at NAV or our possible conversion to an open-end mutual fund. There can be no
assurance that the Board of Directors will decide to undertake any of these actions or that, if
undertaken, such actions would result in our common stock trading at a price equal to or close to
NAV per share of our common stock. Based on the determination of the Board of Directors in
connection with our initial public offering of our common stock that the closed-end structure is
desirable in light of our investment objective and policies and the trading history of our common
stock relative to our NAV since our initial public offering, it is highly unlikely that the Board
of Directors would vote to convert us to an open-end investment company.
Repurchase of Common Stock and Tender Offers
In recognition of the possibility that our common stock may trade at a discount to NAV and
that any such discount may not be in the interest of our common stockholders, the Board of
Directors, in consultation with our Adviser, from time to time may, but is not required to,
review possible actions to reduce any such discount. The Board of Directors also may, but is not
required to, consider from time to time open market repurchases of and/or tender offers for our
common stock, as well as other potential actions, to seek to reduce any market discount from NAV
that may develop. After any consideration of potential actions to seek to reduce any significant
market discount, the Board may, subject to its applicable duties and compliance with applicable
state and federal laws, authorize the commencement of a share-repurchase program or tender offer.
The size and timing of any such share repurchase program or tender offer will be determined by the
Board of Directors in light of the market discount of our common stock, trading volume of our
common stock, information presented to the Board of Directors regarding the potential impact of any
such share repurchase program or tender offer, general market and economic conditions and
applicable law. There can be no assurance that we will in fact effect repurchases of or tender
offers for any of our common stock. We may, subject to our investment limitation with respect to
Borrowings, incur debt to finance such repurchases or a tender offer or for other valid purposes.
Interest on any such Borrowings would increase our expenses and reduce our net income.
There can be no assurance that repurchases of our common stock or tender offers, if any, will
cause our common stock to trade at a price equal to or in excess of its NAV. Nevertheless, the
possibility that a portion of our outstanding common stock may be the subject of repurchases or
tender offers may reduce the spread between market price and NAV that might otherwise exist.
Sellers may be less inclined to accept a significant discount in the sale of their common stock if
they have a reasonable expectation of being able to receive a price of NAV for a portion of their
common stock in conjunction with an announced repurchase program or tender offer for our common
stock.
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Although the Board of Directors believes that repurchases or tender offers generally would
have a favorable effect on the market price of our common stock, the acquisition of common stock by
us will decrease our total assets and therefore will have the effect of increasing our expense
ratio and decreasing the asset coverage with respect to any preferred stock outstanding. Because of
the nature of our investment objective, policies and portfolio, particularly our investment in
illiquid or otherwise restricted securities, it is possible that repurchases of common stock or
tender offers could interfere with our ability to manage our investments in order to seek our
investment objective. Further, it is possible that we could experience difficulty in borrowing
money or be required to dispose of portfolio securities to consummate repurchases of or tender
offers for common stock.
Possible Conversion to Open-End Fund Status
Our Charter provides that any proposal for our conversion from a closed-end company to an
open-end company requires the approval of our Board of Directors and the stockholders entitled to
cast at least 80 percent of the votes entitled to be cast on such matter. However, if such proposal
is also approved by at least 80 percent of our continuing directors (in addition to the approval by
our Board of Directors), such proposal may be approved by a majority of the votes entitled to be
cast on the matter. See Description of Capital Stock for a discussion of voting requirements
applicable to our conversion to an open-end investment company. If we converted to an open-end
investment company, we would be required to redeem any preferred stock then outstanding (which
would require in turn that we liquidate a portion of our investment portfolio) and our common stock
would no longer be listed on the NYSE. Conversion to open-end status could also require us to
modify certain investment restrictions and policies. Stockholders of an open-end investment company
may require the investment company to redeem their shares at any time (except in certain
circumstances as authorized by or permitted under the 1940 Act) at their NAV, less such redemption
charge, if any, as might be in effect at the time of redemption. In order to avoid maintaining
large cash positions or liquidating favorable investments to meet redemptions, open-end investment
companies typically engage in a continuous offering of their shares. Open-end investment companies
are thus subject to periodic asset in-flows and out-flows that can complicate portfolio management.
Our Board of Directors may at any time propose our conversion to open-end status, depending upon
its judgment regarding the advisability of such action in light of circumstances then prevailing.
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TAX MATTERS
The following discussion of federal income tax matters is based on the advice of our counsel,
Paul, Hastings, Janofsky & Walker LLP.
This section and the discussion in our SAI summarize the material U.S. federal income tax
consequences of owning our securities for U.S. taxpayers. This section is current as of the date of
this prospectus. Tax laws and interpretations change frequently, and this summary does not describe
all of the tax consequences to all taxpayers. Except as otherwise provided, this summary generally
does not describe your situation if you are a non-U.S. person, a broker-dealer, or other investor
with special circumstances. In addition, this section does not describe any state, local or foreign
tax consequences. As with any investment, you should consult your own tax professional about your
particular consequences. Investors should consult their own tax advisors regarding the tax
consequences of investing in us.
Federal Income Taxation of Kayne Anderson Energy Development Company
We are treated as a corporation for federal income tax purposes. Thus, we are obligated to pay
federal income tax on our net taxable income. We are also obligated to pay state income tax on our
net taxable income, either because the states follow the federal treatment or because the states
separately impose a tax on us. We invest our assets principally in MLPs, which generally are
treated as partnerships for federal income tax purposes. As a partner in the MLPs, we report our
allocable share of the MLPs taxable income, loss, deduction, and credits in computing our taxable
income. Based upon our review of the historic results of the type of MLPs in which we invest, we
expect that the cash flow received by us with respect to our MLP investments generally will exceed the
taxable income allocated to us. There is no assurance that our expectation regarding the amount of cash flow or the tax
character of MLP distributions will be realized. If this expectation is not realized, there will be
greater tax expense borne by us and less cash available to distribute to stockholders. In addition,
we will take into account in our taxable income amounts of gain or loss recognized on the sale of
MLP units. Currently, the maximum regular federal income tax rate for a corporation is 35%, but we
may be subject to a 20% alternative minimum tax on our alternative minimum taxable income to the
extent that the alternative minimum tax exceeds our regular income tax.
Deferred income taxes reflect (1) taxes on unrealized gains/(losses) which are attributable to
the difference between the fair market value and tax basis of our investments and (2) the tax
benefit of accumulated capital or net operating losses. We will accrue a net deferred tax liability
if our future tax liability on our unrealized gains exceeds the tax benefit of our accumulated
capital or net operating losses, if any. We will accrue a net deferred tax asset if our future tax
liability on our unrealized gains is less than the tax benefit of our accumulated capital or net
operating losses or if we have net unrealized losses on our investments.
To the extent we have a net deferred tax asset, consideration is given as to whether or not a
valuation allowance is required. The need to establish a valuation allowance for deferred tax
assets is assessed periodically based on the criterion established by the Statement of Financial
Standards, Accounting for Income Taxes (ASC 740) that it is more likely than not that some portion
or all of the deferred tax asset will not be realized. In our assessment for a valuation allowance,
consideration is given to all positive and negative evidence related to the realization of the
deferred tax asset. This assessment considers, among other matters, the nature, frequency and
severity of current and cumulative losses, forecasts of future profitability (which are highly
dependent on future MLP cash distributions), the duration of statutory carryforward periods and the
associated risk that capital or net operating loss carryforwards may expire unused.
Recovery of the deferred tax asset is dependent on continued payment of the MLP cash
distributions in the future and the resultant generation of taxable
income. Unexpected significant decreases in MLP cash distributions or significant further declines
in the fair value of our portfolio of investments may change our assessment regarding the
recoverability of the deferred tax asset and would likely result in a valuation allowance.
If a valuation allowance is required to reduce a deferred tax asset in the future, it could
have a material impact on our NAV and results of operations in the period it is recorded.
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In calculating our alternative minimum taxable income, certain percentage
depletion deductions and intangible drilling costs may be treated as items of tax preference. Items
of tax preference increase alternative minimum taxable income and increase the likelihood that we
may be subject to alternative minimum tax.
We will not elect to be treated as a regulated investment company under the Code. The Code
generally provides that a regulated investment company does not pay an entity level income tax,
provided that it distributes all or substantially all of its income and satisfies certain source of
income and asset diversification requirements. Thus, the regulated investment company taxation
rules have no current application to us or to our stockholders.
Federal Income Taxation of Holders of Our Common Stock
Unlike a holder of a direct interest in MLPs, a stockholder will not include its allocable
share of our gross income, gains, losses, deductions, or credits in computing its own taxable
income. Our Distributions are treated as a tax dividend to the stockholder to the extent of our
current or accumulated earnings and profits. If the distribution exceeds our earnings and profits,
the distribution will be treated as a return of capital to our common stockholder to the extent of
the stockholders basis in our common stock, and then as capital gain. Common stockholders will
receive a Form 1099 from us (rather than a Schedule K-1 from each MLP if the stockholder had
invested directly in the MLPs) and will recognize dividend income only to the extent of our current
and accumulated earnings and profits.
Generally, a corporations earnings and profits are computed based upon taxable income, with
certain specified adjustments. As explained above, based upon the historic performance of the MLPs,
we anticipate that the distributed cash from a MLP will exceed our share of such MLPs income.
Thus, we anticipate that only a portion of our Distributions will be treated as dividend income to
our common stockholders. As a corporation for tax purposes, our earnings and profits will be
calculated using (i) straight-line depreciation rather than accelerated depreciation, and cost
rather than a percentage depletion method, and (ii) intangible drilling costs and exploration and
development costs are amortized over a five-year and ten-year period, respectively. Because of the
differences in the manner in which earnings and profits and taxable income are calculated, we may
make Distributions out of earnings and profits, treated as dividends, in years in which we have no
taxable income.
Our Distributions that are treated as dividends generally will be taxable as ordinary income
to holders, but (i) are expected to be treated as qualified dividend income that is currently
subject to reduced rates of federal income taxation for noncorporate stockholders, and (ii) may be
eligible for the dividends received deduction available to corporate stockholders, in each case
provided that certain holding period requirements are met. Qualified dividend income is currently
taxable to noncorporate stockholders at a maximum federal income tax rate of 15% for taxable years
beginning on or before December 31, 2010. Thereafter, qualified dividend income will be taxed at
ordinary income rates unless further legislative action is taken.
If a distribution exceeds our current and accumulated earnings and profits, such distribution
will be treated as a non-taxable adjustment to the basis of the stock to the extent of such basis,
and then as capital gain to the extent of the excess distribution. Such gain will be long-term
capital gain if the holding period for the stock is more than one year. Individuals are currently
subject to a maximum tax rate of 15% on long-term capital gains. This rate is currently scheduled
to increase to 20% for tax years beginning after December 31, 2010. Corporations are taxed on
capital gains at their ordinary graduated rates.
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If a holder of our common stock
participates in our DRIP, such
stockholder will be taxed upon the amount of Distributions as if such amount had been received by
the participating stockholder and the participating stockholder reinvested such amount in
additional common stock, even though such holder has received no Distribution from us with
which to pay such tax.
Sale of Our Common Stock
The sale of our stock by holders will generally be a taxable transaction for federal income
tax purposes. Holders of our stock who sell such shares will generally recognize gain or loss in an
amount equal to the difference between the net proceeds of the sale and their adjusted tax basis in
the shares sold. If such shares of stock are held as a capital asset at the time of the sale, the
gain or loss will generally be a capital gain or loss, generally taxable as described above. A
holders ability to deduct capital losses may be limited.
Investment by Tax-Exempt Investors and Regulated Investment Companies
Employee benefit plans and most other organizations exempt from federal income tax, including
individual retirement accounts and other retirement plans, are subject to federal income tax on
unrelated business taxable income, or UBTI. Because we are a corporation for federal income tax
purposes, an owner of our common stock will not report on its federal income tax return any of our
items of income, gain, loss and deduction or have our business
activities attributed to it. Therefore, a tax-exempt investor will not have UBTI
attributable to its ownership or sale of our common stock unless its ownership of our common stock
is debt-financed. In general, common stock would be debt-financed if the tax-exempt owner of common
stock incurs debt to acquire common stock or otherwise incurs or maintains a debt that would not
have been incurred or maintained if that common stock had not been acquired.
As stated above, an owner of our common stock will not report on its federal income tax return
any of our items of gross income, gain, loss and deduction. Instead, the owner will simply report
income with respect to our Distributions or gain with respect to the sale of our common stock.
Thus, Distributions with respect to our common stock will result in income that is qualifying
income for a regulated investment company. Furthermore, any gain from the sale or other disposition
of our common stock generally should constitute gain from the sale of stock or
securities and generally should also result
in income that is qualifying income for a regulated investment company. Finally, our common stock
will constitute qualifying assets to regulated investment companies, which generally must own at
least 50% in qualifying assets and not more than 25% in certain non-qualifying assets at the end of
each quarter, provided such regulated investment companies do not violate certain percentage
ownership limitations with respect to our stock.
Backup Withholding and Information Reporting
Backup
withholding of U.S. federal income tax at the current rate of 28% may apply to the
Distributions on our common stock to be made by us if you fail to timely provide taxpayer
identification numbers or if we are so instructed by the Internal Revenue Service, or IRS. Any
amounts withheld from a payment to a U.S. holder under the backup withholding rules are allowable
as a refund or credit against the holders U.S. federal income tax liability, provided that the
required information is furnished to the IRS in a timely manner.
Withholding
Tax on Foreign Stockholders
Foreign stockholders, including stockholders who are nonresident alien individuals, may be
subject to U.S. withholding tax on certain Distributions at a rate of 30% or such lower rates as
may be prescribed by any applicable treaty. In addition, recently enacted legislation may impose
additional U.S. reporting and withholding requirements on certain foreign financial institutions
and other foreign entities with respect to distributions on and proceeds from the sale or
disposition of our stock. This legislation will generally be effective for payments made on or
after January 1, 2013. Foreign stockholders should consult their tax advisors regarding the
possible implications of this legislation as well as the other U.S. federal, state, local and
foreign tax consequences of an investment in our stock.
State and Local Taxes
Payment and Distributions with respect to our common stock also may be subject to state and
local taxes.
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Tax matters are very complicated, and the federal, state local and foreign tax consequences of
an investment in and holding of our common stock and preferred stock
(if any) will depend on the facts of
each investors situation. Investors are encouraged to consult their own tax advisers regarding the
specific tax consequences that may affect them.
Tax Risks
Investing in our securities involves certain tax risks, which are more fully described in the
section Risk Factors Tax Risks of Investing in Our
Common Stock.
59
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION
We may sell our common stock from time to time under this prospectus and any related
prospectus supplement in any one or more of the following ways (1) directly to one or more
purchasers, (2) through agents for the period of their appointment, (3) to underwriters as
principals for resale to the public, (4) to dealers as principals for resale to the public, (5)
through at-the-market transactions or (6) pursuant
to our DRIP.
The securities may be sold from time to time in one or more transactions at a fixed price or
fixed prices, which may change; at prevailing market prices at the time of sale; prices related to
prevailing market prices; at varying prices determined at the time of sale; or at negotiated
prices. The securities may be sold other than for cash, including in exchange transactions for
non-control securities, or may be sold for a combination of cash and securities. The securities may
be sold at-the-market to or through a market maker or into an existing trading market for the
securities, on an exchange or otherwise. The prospectus supplement will describe the method of
distribution of our securities offered therein.
Each prospectus supplement relating to an offering of securities will state the terms of the
offering, including:
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any discounts, commissions, fees or concessions allowed or reallowed or
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Any public offering price and any discounts or concessions allowed or reallowed or paid to
dealers may be changed from time to time.
Direct Sales
We may sell our common stock directly to, and solicit offers from, purchasers, including
institutional investors or others who may be deemed to be underwriters as defined in the Securities
Act, for any resales of the securities. In this case, no underwriters or agents would be involved.
We may use electronic media, including the internet, to sell offered securities directly. We will
describe the terms of any of those sales in a prospectus supplement.
Distribution Through Agents
We may offer and sell our common stock on a continuous basis through agents that we designate.
We will name any agent involved in the offer and sale and describe any commissions payable by us in
the prospectus supplement. Unless otherwise indicated in the prospectus supplement, the agents will
be acting on a best efforts basis for the period of their appointment.
Offers to purchase securities may be solicited directly by the issuer or by agents designated
by the issuer from time to time. Any such agent, who may be deemed to be an underwriter as the term
is defined in the Securities Act, involved in the offer or sale of the offered securities in
respect of which this prospectus is delivered will be named, and any commissions payable by the
issuer to such agent set forth, in a prospectus supplement.
Distribution Though Underwriters
We may offer and sell securities from time to time to one or more underwriters who would
purchase the securities as principal for resale to the public either on a firm commitment or best
efforts basis. If we sell securities to underwriters,
60
we will execute an underwriting agreement with them at the time of the sale and will name them
in the prospectus supplement. In connection with these sales, the underwriters may be deemed to
have received compensation from us in the form of underwriting discounts and commissions. The
underwriters also may receive commissions from purchasers of securities for whom they may act as
agent. Unless otherwise stated in the prospectus supplement, the underwriters will not be obligated
to purchase the securities unless the conditions set forth in the underwriting agreement are
satisfied, and if the underwriters purchase any of the securities, they will be required to
purchase all of the offered securities. In the event of default by any underwriter, in certain
circumstances, the purchase commitments may be increased or the Underwriting Agreement may be
terminated. The underwriters may sell the offered securities to or through dealers, and those
dealers may receive discounts, concessions or commissions from the underwriters as well as from the
purchasers for whom they may act as agent. Sales of the offered securities by underwriters may be
in one or more transactions, including negotiated transactions, at a fixed public offering price or
at varying prices determined at the time of sale. The prospectus supplement describes the method of
reoffering by the underwriters. The prospectus supplement will also describe the discounts and
commissions to be allowed or paid to the underwriters, if any, all other items constituting
underwriting compensation, and the discounts and commissions to be allowed or paid to dealers, if
any. If a prospectus supplement so indicates, we may grant the underwriters an option to purchase
additional shares of common stock at the public offering price, less the underwriting discounts and
commissions, within a specified number of days from the date of the prospectus supplement, to cover
any overallotments.
Distribution Through Dealers
We may offer and sell securities from time to time to one or more dealers who would purchase
the securities as principal. The dealers then may resell the offered securities to the public at
fixed or varying prices to be determined by those dealers at the time of resale. We will set forth
the names of the dealers and the terms of the transaction in the prospectus supplement.
Distribution Through Remarketing Firms
One or more dealers, referred to as remarketing firms, may also offer or sell the
securities, if the prospectus supplement so indicates, in connection with a remarketing arrangement
contemplated by the terms of the securities. Remarketing firms will act as principals for their own
account or as agents. These remarketing firms will offer or sell the securities in accordance with
the terms of the securities. The prospectus supplement will identify any remarketing firm and the
terms of its agreement, if any, with us and will describe the remarketing firms compensation.
Remarketing firms may be deemed to be underwriters in connection with the securities they remarket.
Distribution Through At-the-Market Offerings
We may engage in at-the-market offerings to or through a market maker or into an existing
trading market, on an exchange or otherwise, in accordance with Rule 415(a)(4). An at-the-market
offering may be through an underwriter or underwriters acting as principal or agent for us.
General Information
Agents, underwriters, or dealers participating in an offering of securities and remarketing
firms participating in a remarketing of securities may be deemed to be underwriters, and any
discounts and commission received by them and any profit realized by them on resale of the offered
securities for whom they may act as agent, may be deemed to be underwriting discounts and
commissions under the Securities Act.
We may offer to sell securities either at a fixed price or at prices that may vary, at market
prices prevailing at the time of sale, at prices related to prevailing market prices, or at
negotiated prices.
If indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement, we may authorize underwriters or other
persons acting as our agents to solicit offers by certain institutions to purchase securities from
us pursuant to contracts providing for payment and delivery on a future date. Institutions with
which these contracts may be made include: commercial and savings banks, insurance companies,
pension funds, educational and charitable institutions and others, but in all cases these
institutions must be approved by us. The obligations of any purchaser under any contract will be
subject only to those
61
conditions described in the applicable prospectus supplement. The underwriters and the other
agents will not have any responsibility for the validity or performance of the contracts. The
applicable prospectus supplement will describe the commission payable for solicitation of those
contracts.
We may enter into derivative transactions with third parties, or sell securities not covered
by this prospectus to third parties in privately negotiated transactions. If the applicable
prospectus supplement indicates, in connection with those derivatives, the third parties may sell
securities covered by this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement, including in short
sale transactions. If so, the third parties may use securities pledged by us or borrowed from us or
others to settle those sales or to close out any related open borrowings of stock, and may use
securities received from us in settlement of those derivatives to close out any related open
borrowings of stock. The third parties in such sale transactions will be underwriters and will be
identified in the applicable prospectus supplement (or a post-effective amendment).
We may loan or pledge securities to a financial institution or other third party that in turn
may sell the securities using this prospectus. Such financial institution or third party may
transfer its short position to investors in our securities or in connection with a simultaneous
offering of other securities offered by this prospectus.
In connection with any offering of the securities in an underwritten transaction, the
underwriters may engage in transactions that stabilize, maintain, or otherwise affect the market
price of the offered securities or any other securities. Those transactions may include
overallotment, entering stabilizing bids, effecting syndicate covering transactions, and reclaiming
selling concessions allowed to an underwriter or a dealer.
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An underwriter may place a stabilizing bid to purchase an offered
security for the purpose of pegging, fixing, or maintaining the price of that
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Underwriters may engage in syndicate covering transactions to cover
overallotments or to stabilize the price of the offered securities by bidding for,
and purchasing, the offered securities or any other securities in the open market
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The managing underwriter may impose a penalty bid on a syndicate member
to reclaim a selling concession in connection with an offering when offered
securities originally sold by the syndicate member are purchased in syndicate
covering transactions or otherwise. |
Any of these activities may stabilize or maintain the market price of the securities above
independent market levels. The underwriters are not required to engage in these activities, and may
end any of these activities at any time.
Any underwriters that are qualified market makers on the NYSE may engage in passive market
making transactions in our common stock on the NYSE in accordance with Regulation M under the
Exchange Act, during the business day prior to the pricing of the offering, before the commencement
of offers or sales of the common stock. Passive market makers must comply with applicable volume
and price limitations and must be identified as passive market makers. In general, a passive market
maker must display its bid at a price not in excess of the highest independent bid for such
security; if all independent bids are lowered below the passive market makers bid, however, the
passive market makers bid must then be lowered when certain purchase limits are exceeded. Passive
market making may stabilize the market price of the securities at a level above that which might
otherwise prevail in the open market and, if commenced, may be discontinued at any time.
We will not require underwriters or dealers to make a market in the securities. Any
underwriters to whom the offered securities are sold for offering and sale may make a market in the
offered securities, but the underwriters will not be obligated to do so and may discontinue any
market-making at any time without notice.
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Under agreements entered into with us, underwriters and agents may be entitled to
indemnification by us against certain civil liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities
Act, or to contribution for payments the underwriters or agents may be required to make. The
underwriters, agents, and their affiliates may engage in financial or other business transactions
with us and our subsidiaries, if any, in the ordinary course of business.
In compliance with the guidelines of FINRA, the maximum commission or discount to be received
by any member of FINRA or independent broker-dealer will not be greater than 8% of the initial
gross proceeds from the sale of any security being sold.
The aggregate offering price specified on the cover of this prospectus relates to the offering
of the securities not yet issued as of the date of this prospectus. The place and time of delivery
for the offered securities in respect of which this prospectus is delivered are set forth in the
accompanying prospectus supplement.
To the extent permitted under the 1940 Act and the rules and regulations promulgated
thereunder, the underwriters may from time to time act as a broker or dealer and receive fees in
connection with the execution of our portfolio transactions after the underwriters have ceased to
be underwriters and, subject to certain restrictions, each may act as a broker while it is an
underwriter.
A prospectus and accompanying prospectus supplement in electronic form may be made available
on the websites maintained by the underwriters. The underwriters may agree to allocate a number of
securities for sale to their online brokerage account holders. Such allocations of securities for
internet distributions will be made on the same basis as other allocations. In addition, securities
may be sold by the underwriters to securities dealers who resell securities to online brokerage
account holders.
Distribution Reinvestment Plan
We
may issue and sell shares of common stock pursuant to our DRIP.
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TRANSFER AGENT AND DIVIDEND-PAYING AGENT
American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, or AST, acts as our transfer agent and
dividend-paying agent. Please send all correspondence to American Stock Transfer & Trust Company at
59 Maiden Lane, New York, New York 10038. For its services, AST receives a fixed fee per account.
We will reimburse AST for certain out-of-pocket expenses, which may include payments by AST to
entities, including affiliated entities, that provide sub-stockholder services, recordkeeping
and/or transfer agency services to our beneficial owners. The amount of reimbursements for these
services per benefit plan participant fund account per year will not exceed the per account fee
payable by us to AST in connection with maintaining common stockholder accounts.
ADMINISTRATOR, CUSTODIAN AND FUND ACCOUNTANT
Ultimus Fund Solutions, LLC, or Ultimus, provides certain administrative services for us,
including but not limited to preparing and maintaining books, records, and tax and financial
reports, and monitoring compliance with regulatory requirements. Ultimus is located at 225 Pictoria
Drive, Suite 450, Cincinnati, Ohio 45246.
JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. is the custodian of our common stock and other assets. JPMorgan
Chase Bank, N.A. is located at 14201 North Dallas Parkway, Second Floor, Dallas, Texas 75254.
Ultimus is also our fund accountant. Ultimus assists in the calculation of our NAV and
maintains and keeps current the accounts, books, records and other documents relating to our
financial and portfolio transactions.
LEGAL MATTERS
Certain legal matters in connection with the securities offered hereby will be passed upon for
us by Paul, Hastings, Janofsky & Walker LLP, or Paul Hastings, Los Angeles, California. Paul
Hastings may rely as to certain matters of Maryland law on the opinion of Venable LLP, Baltimore,
Maryland. If certain legal matters in connection with an offering of securities are passed upon by
counsel for the underwriters of such offering, that counsel will be named in the prospectus
supplement related to that offering.
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TABLE
OF CONTENTS OF OUR STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
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The information in this prospectus supplement is not complete and may be changed. We may not
sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission is effective. This prospectus supplement is not an offer to sell these securities and it
is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any state where the offer or sale is not
permitted.
FORM OF PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
(To Prospectus dated , 201 )
Subject to completion, dated , 201 .
Shares
Common Stock
$0.001 per share
We are offering shares of our common stock. We are a non-diversified, closed-end
management investment company that began investment activities on September 21, 2006. Our
investment objective is to generate both current income and capital appreciation primarily through
equity and debt investments. We seek to achieve this objective by investing primarily in
securities of companies that derive the majority of their revenue from activities in the energy
industry (which we refer to in this prospectus collectively as Energy Companies), consisting of:
(a) Midstream Energy Companies, (b) Upstream Energy Companies and (c) Other Energy Companies.
Midstream Energy Companies are businesses that operate assets used to gather, transport, process,
treat, terminal and store natural gas, natural gas liquids, propane, crude oil or refined petroleum
products. Upstream Energy Companies are businesses engaged in the exploration, extraction and
production of natural resources, including natural gas, natural gas liquids and crude oil, from
onshore and offshore geological reservoirs. Other Energy Companies are businesses engaged in
(i) owning, leasing, managing, producing, processing and selling of coal and coal reserves;
(ii) the marine transportation of crude oil, refined petroleum products, liquefied natural gas, as
well as other energy-related natural resources using tank vessels and bulk carriers; and
(iii) refining, marketing and distributing refined energy products, such as motor gasoline and
propane, to retail customers and industrial end-users. This prospectus supplement, together with
the accompanying prospectus dated , 2010, sets forth the information that you should know
before investing.
Our currently outstanding shares of common stock are, and the common stock offered by this
prospectus supplement and accompanying prospectus, subject to notice of issuance, will be, listed
on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol KED. The last reported sale price of our common
stock on , 201 was per share. The net asset value (NAV) per share of our
common stock at the close of business on , 201 was .
This
investment involves risks. See Risk Factors beginning on
page 12 of the accompanying
Base Prospectus.
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We have granted the underwriters an option to purchase up to an additional shares of
our common stock at the public offering price, less the underwriting discount, to cover
over-allotments, if any.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has
approved or disapproved of these securities or passed upon the adequacy or accuracy of this
prospectus supplement. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
[Underwriter(s)]
The date of this prospectus supplement is , 201 .
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Prospectus Supplement
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Prospectus
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Prospectus Summary |
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Forward-Looking Statements |
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Kayne Anderson Energy Development Company |
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Fees and Expenses |
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Financial Highlights |
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Senior Securities |
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Market and Net Asset Value Information |
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Use of Proceeds |
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Risk Factors |
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Distributions |
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Distribution Reinvestment Plan |
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Investment Objective and Policies |
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Use of Leverage |
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Management |
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Net Asset Value |
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Description of Capital Stock |
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Our Structure; Common Stock Repurchases and Change in Our Structure |
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Tax Matters |
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Plan of Distribution |
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Transfer Agent and Dividend-Paying Agent |
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Administrator, Custodian and Fund Accountant |
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Legal Matters |
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Table of Contents of Our Statement of Additional Information |
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You should rely only on the information contained or incorporated by reference in this
prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, which we refer to collectively as the
Prospectus. This prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus set forth certain
information about us that a prospective investor should carefully consider before making an
investment in our securities. This prospectus supplement, which describes the specific terms of
this offering, also adds to and updates information contained in the accompanying prospectus and
the documents incorporated by reference in the base prospectus. The base prospectus gives more
general information, some of which may not apply to this offering. If the description of this
offering varies between this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, you should rely
on the information contained in this prospectus supplement; provided that if any statement in one
of these documents is inconsistent with a statement in another document having a later date and
incorporated by reference into the base prospectus or prospectus supplement, the statement in the
incorporated document having the later date modifies or supersedes the earlier statement. We have
not authorized anyone to provide you with different information. If anyone provides you with
different or inconsistent information, you should not rely on it. We are not making an offer to
sell these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted or where the
person making the offer or sale is not qualified to do so or to any person to whom it is
S-i
not permitted to make such offer or sale. The information contained in or incorporated by
reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus is accurate only as of the
respective dates on their front covers, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus
supplement, the accompanying prospectus, or the sale of the securities. Our business, financial
condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since that date.
You should read this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus before deciding
whether to invest and retain it for future reference. A Statement of Additional Information, dated
, 2010 (the SAI), as supplemented from time to time, containing additional
information about us, has been filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and is
incorporated by reference in its entirety into this prospectus supplement. You may request a free
copy of our SAI by calling (713) 493-2020, or by writing to us. Electronic copies of the base
prospectus, our stockholder reports and our SAI are also available on our website
(http://www.kaynefunds.com). You may also obtain copies of these documents (and other information
regarding us) from the SECs web site (http://www.sec.gov).
CAUTIONARY NOTICE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus and the SAI contain forward-looking
statements. All statements other than statements of historical facts included in this prospectus
that address activities, events or developments that we expect, believe or anticipate will or may
occur in the future are forward-looking statements including, in particular, the statements about
our plans, objectives, strategies and prospects regarding, among other things, our financial
condition, results of operations and business. We have identified some of these forward-looking
statements with words like believe, may, could, might, forecast, possible, potential,
project, will, should, expect, intend, plan, predict, anticipate, estimate,
approximate or continue and other words and terms of similar meaning and the negative of such
terms. Such forward-looking statements may be contained in this prospectus supplement as well as in
the accompanying prospectus. These forward-looking statements are based on current expectations
about future events affecting us and are subject to uncertainties and factors relating to our
operations and business environment, all of which are difficult to predict and many of which are
beyond our control. Many factors mentioned in our discussion in this prospectus, including the
risks outlined under Risk Factors, will be important in determining future results. In addition,
several factors that could materially affect our actual results are the ability of Energy Companies
in which we invest to achieve their objectives, our ability to source favorable private
investments, the timing and amount of distributions from the Energy Companies in which we intend to
invest, the dependence of our future success on the general economy and its impact on the
industries in which we invest and other factors discussed in our periodic filings with the SEC.
Although we believe that the expectations reflected in our forward-looking statements are
reasonable, we do not know whether our expectations will prove correct. They can be affected by
inaccurate assumptions we might make or by known or unknown risks and uncertainties. The factors
identified above are believed to be important factors, but not necessarily all of the important
factors, that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those expressed in any
forward-looking statement. Unpredictable or unknown factors could also have material adverse
effects on us. Since our actual results, performance or achievements could differ materially from
those expressed in, or implied by, these forward-looking statements, we cannot give any assurance
that any of the events anticipated by the forward-looking statements will occur or, if any of them
do, what impact they will have on our results of operations and financial condition. All
forward-looking statements included in this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus or
the SAI or are expressly qualified in their entirety by the foregoing cautionary statements. You
are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as
of the date of such documents. We do not undertake any obligation to update, amend or clarify these
forward-looking statements or the risk factors contained therein, whether as a result of new
information, future events or otherwise, except as may be required under the federal securities
laws. We acknowledge that, notwithstanding the foregoing statements, the Private Securities
Litigation Reform Act of 1995 does not apply to investment companies such as us.
S-ii
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT SUMMARY
This summary highlights selected information contained elsewhere in this prospectus
supplement. This summary provides an overview of selected information and does not contain all of
the information you should consider before investing in our common stock. You should read carefully
the entire prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus, including the section entitled Risk
Factors, the SAI, and the financial statements and related notes, before making an investment
decision.
The Company
Kayne Anderson Energy Development Company, a Maryland corporation, is a non-diversified,
closed-end investment company registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the
1940 Act). Our investment objective is to obtain a high total return with an emphasis on current
income. We seek to achieve this objective by investing primarily in securities of companies that
derive the majority of their revenue from activities in the energy industry, which we refer to
collectively as Energy Companies. Our common stock is traded on the New York Stock Exchange (the
NYSE) under the symbol KED.
We began investment activities on September 21, 2006 following our initial public offering.
As of , 201 , we had shares of common stock outstanding,
net assets applicable to our common stock of $ million and total assets of approximately $ million.
Investment Adviser
KA Fund Advisors, LLC, or KAFA, is our investment adviser, responsible for implementing and
administering our investment strategy. KAFA is a subsidiary of Kayne Anderson Capital Advisors,
L.P. (KACALP and together with KAFA, Kayne Anderson), a SEC-registered investment adviser. As
of , 201 , Kayne Anderson and its affiliates managed assets of $ billion, including $
billion in the securities of Energy Companies. Kayne Anderson has invested in Energy Companies
since 1998. We believe that Kayne Anderson has developed an understanding of the energy market that
enables it to identify and take advantage of investment opportunities in both publicly traded MLPs
(Public MLPs) and non-traded MLPs (Private MLPs). Private MLPs and Public MLPs are
collectively referred to herein as MLPs. MLPs, or master limited partnerships, are generally
structured as limited partnerships and limited liability companies. In addition, Kayne Andersons
senior professionals have developed a strong reputation in the energy sector and have many
long-term relationships with industry managers, which we believe gives Kayne Anderson an important
advantage in sourcing and structuring private MLPs and other private investments.
The principal business address of the Adviser is 717 Texas Avenue, Suite 3100, Houston, Texas
77002.
[Portfolio Investments]
[Distributions]
[Recent Developments]
S-1
The Offering
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Common stock we are offering
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shares
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Common stock to be outstanding after this
offering
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shares
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Use of proceeds after expenses |
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Risk factors
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See Risk Factors and other
information included in the
accompanying prospectus for
a discussion of factors you
should carefully consider
before deciding to invest in
shares of our common stock.
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NYSE symbol
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KED
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Stockholder Transaction Expense: |
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Underwriting discounts and commissions (as
a percentage of offering price)
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% |
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Net offering expenses borne by us (as a
percentage of offering price)
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% |
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Dividend Reinvestment Plan Fees (1)
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None
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You will pay brokerage charges if you direct American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, as
agent for our common stockholders, to sell your common stock held in a dividend reinvestment
account. |
The number of shares outstanding after the offering assumes the underwriters over allotment
option is not exercised. If the over allotment option is exercised in full, we will issue and sell
an additional shares.
S-2
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
[TO BE FURNISHED AT TIME OF OFFERING]
S-3
USE OF PROCEEDS
We estimate that the net proceeds from the sale of the shares of common stock that we are
offering will be approximately $ million, after deducting the underwriting discount and
estimated offering expenses payable by us. If the underwriters exercise their over-allotment option
in full, we estimate that our net proceeds from this offering will be approximately $ million, after deducting the underwriting discount and estimated offering expenses payable by us.
We intend to use the net proceeds of the offering from selling shares of our common stock to
make investments in portfolio companies in accordance with our investment objectives and policies,
to repay indebtedness, and for general corporate purposes.
At , 201 , we had outstanding borrowings on our senior secured revolving credit
facility (our Credit Facility) of $ and the interest rate was %. Any borrowings under
our Credit Facility will be used to fund investments in portfolio companies and for general
corporate purposes. Any amounts repaid under our Credit Facility will remain available for future
borrowings.
Pending such investments, we anticipate either investing the proceeds in short-term securities
issued by the U.S. government or its agencies or instrumentalities or in high quality, short-term
or long-term debt obligations or money market instruments. A delay in the anticipated use of
proceeds could lower returns, reduce our distribution to common stockholders and reduce the amount
of cash available to make interest payments on any Borrowings.
S-4
CAPITALIZATION
The following table sets forth our capitalization (i) as of , 201 and (ii) as
adjusted to give effect to the issuance of the common shares offered hereby. As indicated below,
common stockholders will bear the offering costs associated with this offering.
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As of |
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, 201 |
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Actual |
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As Adjusted |
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($ in 000s, |
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except per share data) |
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(Unaudited) |
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Cash and cash equivalents |
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$ |
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Short-Term Debt: |
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[None.] |
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$ |
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Long-Term Debt: |
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Credit facility |
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Total Debt |
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Common Stockholders Equity: |
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Common stock, $0.001 par value per share, 200,000,000 shares authorized ( shares
issued and outstanding; shares issued and outstanding as adjusted)(2)(3) |
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$ |
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Paid-in capital(4) |
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Net investment loss, net of income taxes less dividends |
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Accumulated realized gains on investments, securities sold short and interest rate swap
contracts, net of income taxes |
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Net unrealized gains on investments and interest rate swap contracts, net of income taxes |
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Net assets applicable to common stockholders |
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$ |
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As described under Use of Proceeds, we intend to use the net proceeds from this offering to make
investments in portfolio companies in accordance with our investment objective. Pending such investments,
we anticipate either investing the proceeds in short-term securities or money market instruments. |
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[We do not hold any of these outstanding securities for our own account.] |
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This does not include shares that may be issued in connection with the underwriters over allotment option. |
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As adjusted, additional paid-in capital reflects the proceeds of the issuance of shares of common stock
offered hereby ($ ), less $0.001 par value per share of common stock ($ ), less the underwriting discount
($ ) and less the net estimated offering costs borne by us ($ ) related to the issuance of the shares. |
S-5
UNDERWRITING
[TO BE FURNISHED AT TIME OF OFFERING]
S-6
LEGAL MATTERS
Certain legal matters in connection with our common stock will be passed upon for us by Paul,
Hastings, Janofsky & Walker LLP, Los Angeles, California, and for the underwriter by
. Paul, Hastings, Janofsky & Walker LLP and may rely as to certain matters of Maryland
law on the opinion of Venable LLP, Baltimore, Maryland.
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
We are subject to the informational requirements of the Exchange Act and the Investment
Company Act of 1940, as amended, and are required to file reports our annual, semi-annual and
quarterly reports, and the SAI), proxy statements and other information with the SEC. We
voluntarily file quarterly shareholder reports. Our most recent shareholder report filed with the
SEC is for the period ended November 30, 2009. Such reports, proxy statements and other
information, as well as the registration statement and the amendments, exhibits and schedules
thereto, can be inspected and copied at the public reference facilities maintained by the SEC in
Washington, D.C. Information about the operation of the public reference facilities may be obtained
by calling the SEC at (202) 551-8090. Copies of such material may also be obtained from the Public
Reference Section of the SEC at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549, at prescribed rates.
You can obtain the same information free of charge from the SECs website at www.sec.gov. You may
also e-mail requests for these documents to publicinfo@sec.gov or make a request in writing to the
SECs Public Reference Section, 100 F Street, N.E., Room 1580, Washington, D.C. 20549
This prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus do not contain all of the
information in our registration statement, including amendments, exhibits, and schedules.
Statements in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus about the contents of any
contract or other document are not necessarily complete and in each instance reference is made to
the copy of the contract or other document filed as an exhibit to the registration statement, each
such statement being qualified in all respects by this reference. Additional information about us
can be found in our Registration Statement (including amendments, exhibits, and schedules) on Form
N-2 filed with the SEC. The SEC maintains a web site (http://www.sec.gov) that contains our
Registration Statement, other documents incorporated by reference, and other information we have
filed electronically with the SEC, including proxy statements and reports filed under the Exchange
Act.
S-7
Shares
Common Stock
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
, 201
$150,000,000
Common Stock
PROSPECTUS
, 201
SUBJECT TO COMPLETION, DATED OCTOBER 7, 2010
KAYNE ANDERSON ENERGY DEVELOPMENT COMPANY
STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Kayne Anderson Energy Development Company (referred to herein as we, our, us, or
the Company), a Maryland corporation, is a non-diversified closed-end management investment
company. KA Fund Advisors, LLC (referred to herein as KAFA or the Adviser) is our investment
adviser. KAFA is a subsidiary of Kayne Anderson Capital Advisors, L.P. (KACALP and together with
KAFA, Kayne Anderson).
This Statement of Additional Information (the SAI) relates to the offering, from time to
time, of our securities. This SAI does not constitute a prospectus, but should be read in
conjunction with our prospectus relating thereto dated , 2010 and any related
prospectus supplement. This SAI does not include all information that a prospective investor should
consider before purchasing any of our securities. Investors should obtain and read our prospectus
and any related prospectus supplement prior to purchasing any of our securities. A copy of our
prospectus and any related prospectus supplement may be obtained from us without charge by calling
(713) 493-2020 or on the SECs web site (http://www.sec.gov). Capitalized terms used but not
defined in this statement of additional information have the meanings ascribed to them in the
prospectus and any related prospectus supplement.
This SAI is dated , 2010.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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SAI-1 |
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SAI-8 |
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SAI-18 |
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SAI-18 |
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SAI-19 |
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SAI-19 |
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SAI-20 |
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SAI-21 |
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SAI-22 |
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SAI-23 |
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SAI-26 |
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SAI-26 |
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SAI-26 |
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SAI-27 |
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F-1 |
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE
Investment Objective
Our investment objective is to generate both current income and capital appreciation primarily
through equity and debt investments. Our investment objective is considered a fundamental policy
and therefore may not be changed without the approval of the holders of a majority of the
outstanding voting securities. When used with respect to our voting securities, a majority of the
outstanding voting securities means (i) 67% or more of the shares present at a meeting, if the
holders of more than 50% of the voting securities are present or represented by proxy, or (ii) more
than 50% of the voting securities, whichever is less. There can be no assurance that we will
achieve our investment objective.
Investment Policies
We, as a fundamental policy, may not, without the approval of the holders of a majority of our
outstanding voting securities:
(1) Purchase or sell real estate unless acquired as a result of ownership of securities or
other instruments; provided that this restriction does not prevent us from investing in issuers
which invest, deal, or otherwise engage in transactions in real estate or interests therein, or
investing in securities that are secured by real estate or interests therein.
(2) Purchase or sell commodities as defined in the Commodity Exchange Act, as amended, and the
rules and regulations thereunder, unless acquired as a result of ownership of securities or other
instruments and provided that this restriction does not prevent us from engaging in transactions
involving futures contracts and options thereon or investing in securities that are secured by
physical commodities.
(3) Borrow money or issue senior securities, except to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act,
or any rules, exemptions or interpretations thereunder that may be adopted, granted or issued by
the SEC.
(4) Make loans to other persons except (a) through the lending of our portfolio securities,
(b) through the purchase of debt obligations and/or engaging in direct corporate loans in
accordance with our investment objective and policies, and (c) to the extent the entry into a
repurchase agreement is deemed to be a loan. We may also make loans to other investment companies
to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act or any exemptions therefrom which may be granted by the
SEC.
(5) Act as an underwriter except to the extent that, in connection with the disposition of
portfolio securities, we may be deemed to be an underwriter under applicable securities laws.
(6) Modify our intention to concentrate our investments in the energy industry.
The remainder of our investment policies, including our investment strategy, are considered
non-fundamental and may be changed by the board of directors without the approval of the holders of
a majority of our voting securities, provided that our securities holders receive at least 60 days
prior written notice of any change.
Under normal market conditions, we expect to invest at least 80% of our total assets in
securities of Energy Companies.
We may, but are not required to, use derivative investments and engage in short sales to
hedge against interest rate, currency or market risks.
We seek to enhance our total
returns through the use of leverage, which may include the
issuance of Leverage Instruments. We currently expect to use leverage
in an aggregate amount equal to 20%30% of our total assets, which
includes assets obtained through such leverage. However, based upon market conditions at the time,
we may use Leverage Instruments in amounts that represent greater
than 30% of our total assets to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act.
SAI-1
Description of Energy Companies
Midstream Energy Companies. Midstream Energy Companies are businesses that operate assets
used to gather, transport, process, treat, terminal and store natural gas, natural gas liquids,
propane, crude oil or refined petroleum products. Services provided by Midstream Energy Companies
relating to natural gas include the treating, gathering, compression, processing, transmission and
storage of natural gas and the transportation, fractionation and storage of natural gas liquids
(primarily propane, ethane, butane and natural gasoline). Services provided by Midstream Energy
Companies relating to crude oil include the gathering, transportation, storage and terminalling of
crude oil. Services provided by Midstream Energy Companies relating to refined petroleum include
the transportation (usually via pipelines, barges, rail cars and trucks), storage and terminalling
of refined petroleum products (primarily gasoline, diesel fuel and jet fuel) and other hydrocarbon
by-products. Midstream Energy Companies may also operate ancillary businesses including the
marketing of the products and logistical services.
Upstream Energy Companies. Upstream Energy Companies are businesses engaged in the
exploration, extraction and production of natural resources, including natural gas, natural gas
liquids and crude oil, from onshore and offshore geological reservoirs. After extraction and
production, these natural resources are sold, either before or after they are processed and
transported, to various parties including Midstream Energy Companies, downstream energy
businesses, and retail or industrial end-users. As the underlying reserves of an Upstream Energy
Company are produced, the remaining reserves available are depleted. Upstream Energy Companies may
seek to maintain or expand their reserves and production through exploration of new sources of
supply, through the development of existing sources, or through purchases of reserves from other
companies.
Other Energy Companies. Other Energy Companies include businesses engaged in (a) owning,
leasing, managing, producing, processing and sale of coal and coal reserves; (b) the marine
transportation of crude oil, refined petroleum products, LNG, as well as other energy-related
natural resources using tank vessels and bulk carriers; and (c) refining, marketing and
distributing refined energy products, such as motor gasoline and propane to retail customers and
industrial end-users.
SAI-2
Form of Investments
A majority of our investments are in entities structured as MLPs, which includes both publicly
traded MLPs (Public MLPs) and non-traded MLPs (Private MLPs), which are non-traded limited
partnerships structured much like Public MLPs. MLPs are generally structured as limited
partnerships that have two classes of limited partner interests common units and subordinated
units. The general partner of the MLP is typically owned by an energy company, an investment fund,
the direct management of the limited partnership or is an entity owned by one or more of such
parties. The general partner interest may be held by either a private or publicly traded
corporation or other entity. In many cases, the general partner owns common units, subordinated
units and incentive distribution rights, or IDRs, in addition to its general partner interest in
the MLP.
MLPs are typically structured such that common units and general partner interests have first
priority to receive quarterly cash distributions up to an established minimum amount (minimum
quarterly distributions or MQD). Common units also accrue arrearages in distributions to the
extent the MQD is not paid. Once common units have been paid, subordinated units receive
distributions of up to the MQD; however, subordinated units do not accrue arrearages. Distributable
cash in excess of the MQD is distributed to both common and subordinated units generally on a pro
rata basis. Whenever a distribution is paid to either common unitholders or subordinated
unitholders, the general partner is paid a proportional distribution. The holders of IDRs (usually
the general partner) are eligible to receive incentive distributions if the general partner
operates the business in a manner which results in distributions paid per unit surpassing specified
target levels. As cash distributions to the limited partners increase, the IDRs receive an
increasingly higher percentage of the incremental cash distributions. A common arrangement provides
that the IDRs can reach a tier where the holder receives 48% of every incremental dollar paid to
partners. These IDRs encourage the general partner to streamline costs, increase capital
expenditures and acquire assets in order to increase the partnerships cash flow and raise the
quarterly cash distribution in order to reach higher tiers. Such results benefit all security
holders of the MLP.
Public MLPs
Public MLPs are publicly traded entities that are structured as limited partnerships or
as limited liability companies treated as partnerships for federal income tax purposes. The units
for these entities are listed and traded on a U.S. securities exchange. To qualify as a Public MLP,
the entity must receive at least 90% of its income from qualifying sources as set forth in Section
7704(d) of the Code. These qualifying sources include natural resource-based activities such as the
exploration, development, mining, production, processing, refining, transportation, storage and
marketing of mineral or natural resources.
SAI-3
Private MLPs
Private MLPs are generally structured like Public MLPs with respect to having common and
subordinated limited partner interests, and general partner interests. However, Private MLPs are
not required to meet the qualified source of income as required by Section 7704(d) of the Code in
order to be treated as partnerships for federal income tax purposes, provided that interests in
such Private MLPs are not traded on an established securities market or readily tradable on a
secondary market (or the substantial equivalent thereof) within the meaning of Section 7704(b) of
the Code. While Private MLPs may include IDRs, they also may include other units which provide the
general partner with incentives to grow the business prior to a triggering event such as a sale or
initial public offering.
Types of MLP Securities
The following summarizes in further detail certain features of MLP securities. Also
summarized below are certain features of I-Shares, which represent an ownership interest that is
issued by an affiliated party of an MLP.
Common Units. Common units represent a limited partnership interest and may be listed and
traded on U.S. securities exchanges or over-the-counter, with their value fluctuating predominantly
based on prevailing market conditions and the success of the MLP. We purchase common units in
market transactions as well as in primary issuances directly from the MLP or other parties in
private placements. Unlike owners of common stock of a corporation, owners of common units have
limited voting rights and have no ability to annually elect directors. The MLPs in which we invest
generally distribute all available cash flow (cash flow from operations less maintenance capital
expenditures) in the form of quarterly distributions. Common units have first priority to receive
quarterly cash distributions up to the MQD and have arrearage rights. In the event of liquidation,
common units have preference over subordinated units, but not debt or preferred units, to the
remaining assets of the MLP.
Subordinated Units. Subordinated units are typically issued by MLPs to their original
sponsors, such as their management teams, corporate general partners, entities that sell assets to
the MLP, and outside investors such as us. We may purchase subordinated units from these persons as
well as newly-issued subordinated units from the MLPs. Subordinated units have similar limited
voting rights as common units and are generally not publicly traded. Once the MQD on the common
units, including any arrearages, has been paid, subordinated units receive cash distributions up to
the MQD. Unlike common units, subordinated units do not have arrearage rights. In the event of
liquidation, common units and general partner interests have
priority over subordinated units. Subordinated units are typically converted into common units
on a one-to-one basis after certain time periods and/or performance targets have been satisfied.
Subordinated units in which we may invest generally convert to common units at a
one-to-one ratio. The purchase or sale price of subordinated units is generally tied to the common
unit price less a discount. The size of the discount varies depending on the likelihood of
conversion, the length of time remaining to conversion, the size of the block purchased relative to
trading volumes, and other factors, including partnerships with smaller capitalization or companies
potentially having limited product lines, markets or financial resources, lacking management depth
or experience, and being more vulnerable to adverse general market or economic development than
larger more established companies.
SAI-4
General Partner Interests. General partner interests of MLPs are typically retained by
their original sponsors, such as its management teams, corporate partners, entities that sell
assets to the MLP, and investors such as us. A holder of general partner interests can be liable
under certain circumstances for amounts greater than the amount of the holders investment in the
general partner interest. General partner interests often confer direct board participation rights
and in many cases, operating control, over the MLP. General partner interests receive cash
distributions, typically 2% of the MLPs aggregate cash distributions. General partner interests
generally cannot be converted into common units. The general partner interest can be redeemed by
the MLP if the majority of the limited partners choose to remove the general partner, typically
with a supermajority vote.
Incentive Distribution Rights (IDRs). Holders of IDRs are entitled to a larger share
of the cash distributions after the distributions to common unit holders meet certain prescribed
levels. IDRs are generally owned by the same entities that own the general partner interests.
i-shares. I-Shares represent an ownership interest issued by an affiliated party of an
MLP. The MLP affiliate uses the proceeds from the sale of I-Shares to purchase limited partnership
interests in the MLP in the form of i-units. I-units have similar features as MLP common units in
terms of voting rights, liquidation preference and distributions. However, rather than receiving
cash, the MLP affiliate receives additional i-units in an amount equal to the cash distributions
received by the holders of the MLP common units. Similarly, holders of I-Shares will receive
additional I-Shares, in the same proportion as the MLP affiliates receipt of i-units, rather than
cash distributions. I-Shares themselves have limited voting rights which are similar to those
applicable to MLP common units. The MLP affiliate issuing the I-Shares is structured as a
corporation for federal income tax purposes. The two existing I-Shares are traded on the NYSE.
Short-Term Debt Securities; Temporary Defensive Position; Invest-Up Period. During the period
in which the net proceeds of this offering are being invested, during periods in which our Adviser
determines that it is temporarily unable to follow our investment strategy or that it is
impractical to do so or pending re-investment of proceeds received in connection with the sale of a
security, we may temporarily refrain from implementing our investment strategy and invest all or a
portion of our assets in cash or cash equivalents or high quality debt securities. Our Advisers
determination that it is temporarily unable to follow certain aspects of our investment strategy or
that it is impractical to do so may also occur during situations in which a market disruption event
has occurred. In such a case, our common stock may be adversely affected and we may be hindered in
pursuing our investment objective.
Cash and cash equivalents are defined to include, without limitation, the following:
(1) U.S. Government securities, which are obligations of, or securities guaranteed by, the
U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities;
SAI-5
(2) certificates of deposit issued against funds deposited in a bank or a savings and loan
association (such certificates are for a definite period of time, earn a specified rate of return,
and are normally negotiable); (3) repurchase agreements, which involve purchases of debt securities
(at the time we purchase securities pursuant to a repurchase agreement, we simultaneously agree to
resell and redeliver such securities to the seller, who also simultaneously agrees to repurchase
the securities at a fixed price and time); (4) commercial paper, which consists of short-term
unsecured promissory notes (characterized by us as cash or cash equivalents, investments in
commercial paper will be limited to commercial paper rated in the highest categories by a rating
agency and which mature within one year of the date of purchase or carry a variable or floating
rate of interest); (5) bankers acceptances, which are short-term credit instruments used to
finance commercial transactions; (6) bank time deposits, which are monies kept on deposit with
banks or savings and loan associations for a stated period of time at a fixed rate of interest; and
(7) shares of money market funds in accordance with the applicable provisions of the 1940 Act.
Our Portfolio
Under normal market conditions, our portfolio investments will be allocated (i) between 50%
and 70% in equity securities of Private MLPs, (ii) between 30% and 50% in equity securities of
Public MLPs and (iii) between 0% and 20% in debt securities of public and private Energy
Companies. Such allocations may change based on market conditions or the sale of one of our
Private MLPs.
The following summarizes the securities that we currently own or are expected to invest in
based on current market conditions:
Private MLP Equity Securities. Our investments in Private MLPs are generally in the form of
common units, preferred units, or IDRs. We may, under certain circumstances also invest in
subordinated units and general partner interests. These securities are generally designed to pay
cash distributions, but we may agree to receive distributions in the form of additional securities
(which we refer to as Pay in Kind or PIK distributions) in certain circumstances.
Public MLP Securities. Our investments in Public MLPs and their affiliates are generally in
the form of common units or I-Shares. We may, under certain circumstances also invest in preferred
units, subordinated units, general partner interests or IDRs.
Debt Securities. The debt securities in which we invest are generally either senior or
subordinated securities, which may be secured with a first lien, a second lien or are unsecured.
The interest rates on such securities can be either fixed rate or variable rate. Such securities
may include a conversion feature which allows the holder to convert the debt into shares of the
issuer. We are permitted, but do not currently expect to make, investments in debt securities that
are perpetual in that they have no maturity date and debt securities that have zero coupon,
contingent or deferred interest or pay-in-kind features.
Additional Information About Our Portfolio Investments
To a lesser extent, we also may invest in the investments discussed below.
Mezzanine Investments. We may invest in rated or unrated subordinated debt or preferred
stock, in each case with warrants or other equity components (Mezzanine Investments). These
Mezzanine Investments will have a stated interest rate or preferred dividend, payable in cash, as
well as warrants or other equity features that will allow us to participate in the potential
increase in equity value. We may lend to such Energy Companies on a subordinated basis in
arrangements where the Energy Companies will have incurred or be permitted to incur debt that ranks
in right of payment equally with, or senior to, the companies obligations to us. By the terms of
such senior debt instruments, the holders of senior debt will be entitled to full payment of
principal or interest prior to us, which may prevent us from obtaining some or any value of our
investment in the event of an insolvency, liquidation, dissolution, reorganization or bankruptcy.
In the case of debt ranking equally with the subordinated debt that we own, we would have to share
on an equal basis any distributions with other creditors holding such debt in the event of an
insolvency, liquidation, dissolution, reorganization or bankruptcy. Subordinated debt will
typically bear interest at a higher rate than senior debt in order to compensate for greater credit
risk.
Preferred stock has a preference over common stock in liquidation but is subordinated to the
liabilities of the issuer in all respects. As a general rule, the market value of preferred stock
with a fixed dividend rate and no conversion element varies inversely with interest rates and
perceived
credit risk, while the market price of convertible preferred stock generally also reflects
some element of conversion value. Because preferred stock is junior to debt securities and other
obligations of the issuer, deterioration in the credit quality of the issuer will cause greater
changes in the value of a preferred stock than in a more senior debt security with similar stated
yield characteristics. Unlike interest payments on debt securities, preferred stock dividends are
payable only if declared by the issuers board of directors. Preferred stock also may be subject to
optional or mandatory redemption provisions.
Warrants are securities issued by companies enabling the owners to subscribe to and purchase a
specified quantity of equity securities of the issuer at a specified price during a specified
period of time. The warrants in which we may invest may become exercisable for common units or
common shares upon the occurrence of specified liquidity events such as an initial public offering.
In certain instances, the class of warrants in which we may invest may convert to common units upon
specified liquidity events based on certain performance measures. The purchase of warrants involves
the risk that we could lose the purchase value of a right or warrant if the right to subscribe to
additional equity securities is not exercised prior to the warrants expiration. Also, the purchase
of warrants involves the risk that the effective price paid for the warrant added to the
subscription price of the related security may exceed the value of the subscribed securitys market
price such as when there is no movement in the level of the underlying security.
SAI-6
Convertible Securities. A convertible security is a bond, debenture, note, preferred stock or
other security that may be converted into or exchanged for a prescribed amount of common stock or
other equity security of the same or a different issuer within a particular period of time at a
specified price or formula. A convertible security entitles the holder to receive interest paid or
accrued on debt or the dividend paid on preferred stock until the convertible security matures or
is redeemed, converted or exchanged.
Temporary Defensive Position. During periods in which the Adviser determines that it is
temporarily unable to follow our investment strategy or that it is impractical to do so, we may
deviate from our investment strategy and invest all or any portion of our assets in cash or cash
equivalents. The Advisers determination that it is temporarily unable to follow our investment
strategy or that it is impractical to do so will generally occur only in situations in which a
market disruption event has occurred and where trading in the securities selected through
application of our investment strategy is extremely limited or absent. In such a case, our shares
may be adversely affected and we may not pursue or achieve our investment objective.
Investment Practices
Interest Rate Swaps. We currently expect to utilize hedging techniques such as interest rate
swaps to mitigate potential interest rate risk on a portion of our Leverage Instruments. Such
interest rate swaps would principally be used to protect us against higher costs on our Leverage
Instruments resulting from increases in short-term interest rates. We anticipate that the majority
of our interest rate hedges will be interest rate swap contracts with financial institutions.
Covered Calls. To a lesser extent, we may write call options with the purpose of generating
realized gains or reducing our ownership of certain securities. We will only write call options on
securities that we hold in our portfolio (i.e., covered calls). A call option on a security is
a contract that gives the holder of such call option the right to buy the security underlying the
call option from the writer of such call option at a specified price at any time during the term of
the option. At the time the call option is sold, the writer of a call option receives a premium (or
call premium) from the buyer of such call option. If we write a call option on a security, we have
the obligation upon exercise of such call option to deliver the underlying security upon payment of
the exercise price. When we write a call option, an amount equal to the premium received by us will
be recorded as a liability and will be subsequently adjusted to the current fair value of the
option written. Premiums received from writing options that expire unexercised are treated by us as
realized gains from investments on the expiration date. If we repurchase a written call option
prior to its exercise, the difference between the premium received and the amount paid to
repurchase the option is treated as a realized gain or realized loss. If a call option is
exercised, the premium is added to the proceeds from the sale of the underlying security in
determining whether we have realized a gain or loss. We, as the writer of the option, bear the
market risk of an unfavorable change in the price of the security underlying the written option.
Use of Arbitrage and Other Derivative-Based Strategies. To a lesser extent, we may use short
sales, arbitrage and other strategies to try to generate additional return. As part of such
strategies, we may (i) engage in paired long-short trades to arbitrage pricing disparities in
securities held in our portfolio; (ii) purchase call options or put options, or (iii) sell
securities short. Paired trading consists of taking a long position in one security and
concurrently taking a short position in another security within the same or an affiliated issuer.
With a long position, we purchase a stock outright; whereas with a short position, we would sell a
security that we do not own and must borrow to meet our settlement obligations. We will realize a
profit or incur a loss from a short position depending on whether the value of the underlying stock
decreases or increases, respectively, between the time the stock is sold and when we replace the
borrowed security. See Risk Factors Risks Related to Our Investments and Investment Techniques
Short Sales Risk in our prospectus.
Other Risk Management Strategies. To a lesser extent, we may use various hedging and other
risk management strategies to seek to manage market risks. Such hedging strategies would be
utilized to seek to protect against possible adverse changes in the market value of securities held
in our portfolio, or to otherwise protect the value of our portfolio. We may execute our hedging
and risk management strategy by engaging in a variety of transactions, including buying or selling
options or futures contracts on indexes. See Risk Factors Risks Related to Our Investments and
Investment Techniques Derivatives Risk in our prospectus.
Portfolio Turnover. We anticipate that our annual portfolio turnover rate will range between
10% and 30%, but the rate may vary greatly from year to year. Portfolio turnover rate is not
considered a limiting factor in the Advisers execution of investment decisions. A higher
portfolio turnover rate results in correspondingly greater brokerage commissions and other
transactional expenses that are borne by us. See Tax
Matters in our prospectus.
SAI-7
MANAGEMENT
Directors and Officers
Our business and affairs are managed under the direction of our Board of Directors, including
the duties performed for us under the Investment Management Agreement. The directors set broad
policies for us and choose our officers. The members of our Board of Directors are as follows:
William R. Cordes, Kevin S. McCarthy, Barry R. Pearl, Albert L. Richey, Robert V. Sinnot and
William L. Thacker. The directors who are not interested persons of Kayne Anderson or our
underwriters as defined in the 1940 Act are referred to herein as Independent Directors.
Under our Charter, our directors are divided into three classes. Each class of Directors hold
office for a three year term. At each annual meeting of our stockholders, the successors to the
class of Directors whose terms expire at such meeting will be elected to hold office for a term
expiring at the annual meeting of stockholders held in the third year following the year of their
election. Each director will hold office for the term to which he or she is elected and until his
or her successor is duly elected and qualifies.
None of our Independent Directors nor any of their immediate family members, has ever been a
director, officer or employee of our Adviser or its affiliates. We have no employees. Our officers
are compensated by our Adviser. Our Board of Directors is divided into three classes of directors
serving staggered three-year terms. The term of the second class expires in 2011, terms of the
third and first classes expire in 2012 and 2013, respectively. Upon expiration of their current
terms, directors of each class will be elected to serve for three-year terms and until their
successors are duly elected and qualify and each year one class of directors will be elected by our
stockholders.
The following table includes information regarding our directors and officers, and their
principal occupations and other affiliations during the past five years. The addresses for all
directors are 1800 Avenue of the Stars, Second Floor Los Angeles, CA 90067 and 717 Texas Avenue,
Suite 3100, Houston, Texas 77002. Mr. McCarthy serves on the Board of Directors of Kayne Anderson
MLP Investment Company (KYN) and Kayne Anderson Energy Total Return Fund, Inc. (KYE), each a
closed-end investment company registered under the 1940 Act that is advised by our Adviser.
Independent Directors
|
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Number of |
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|
|
|
|
|
|
Portfolios in Fund |
|
Other Directorships |
|
|
Position(s) Held |
|
|
|
Principal |
|
Complex |
|
Held by Director |
Name |
|
With |
|
Term of Office / |
|
Occupations During |
|
(1) Overseen by |
|
During the |
(Year Born) |
|
Registrant |
|
Time of Service |
|
Past Five Years |
|
Director |
|
Past Five Years |
William R.
Cordes (born 1948)
|
|
Director
|
|
3-year term (until
the 2011 Annual Meeting of
Stockholders).
Served since 2008.
|
|
Retired from
Northern Border
Pipeline Company in
April 2007 after
serving as
President from
October 2000 to
April 2007. Chief
Executive Officer
of Northern Border
Partners, LP from
October 2000 to
April 2006.
President of Northern Natural
Gas Company from
1993 to 2000.
President of Transwestern
Pipeline Company
from 1996 to 2000.
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1 |
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Current: |
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Boardwalk
Pipeline Partners,
LP (pipeline MLP)
Prior: |
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Northern Border
Partners, L.P.
(midstream MLP) |
SAI-8
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Number of |
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Portfolios in Fund |
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Other Directorships |
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Position(s) Held |
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Principal |
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Complex |
|
Held by Director |
Name |
|
With |
|
Term of Office / |
|
Occupations During |
|
(1) Overseen by |
|
During the |
(Year Born) |
|
Registrant |
|
Time of Service |
|
Past Five Years |
|
Director |
|
Past Five Years |
Barry R. Pearl (born 1949)
|
|
Director
|
|
3-year term (until the 2011 Annual
Meeting of
Stockholders).
Served since 2006.
|
|
Executive Vice President of
Kealine, LLC, a
private developer
and operator of
petroleum
infrastructure
facilities (and its
affiliate WesPac
Energy LLC, an
energy infrastructure
developer), since
February 2007.
Provided management
consulting services
from January 2006
to February 2007.
President of Texas
Eastern Products
Pipeline Company,
LLC (the general
partner of TEPPCO
Partners, L.P.)
from February 2001
to December 2005.
Chief Executive
Officer and
director of TEPPCO
Partners, L.P. from
May 2002 to
December 2005; and
Chief Operating
Officer from
February 2001 to
May 2002.
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1 |
|
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Current: |
|
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Targa
Resources Partners
LP (midstream MLP)
Magellan
Midstream Partners,
L.P. (midstream
MLP)
Prior: |
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Seaspan
Corporation
(containership
chartering)
TEPPCO
Partners, L.P.
(midstream MLP) |
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William L. Thacker
(born 1945)
|
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Director
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3-year term (until the 2011 Annual
Meeting of
Stockholders).
Served since 2006.
|
|
Retired from the Board of Texas
Eastern Products
Pipeline Company,
LLC in May 2002
after serving as
Chairman from
March 1997 to
May 2002; Chief
Executive Officer
from January 1994
to May 2002; and President, Chief
Operating Officer
and Director from
September 1992 to
January 1994.
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1 |
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Current: |
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Copano Energy,
L.L.C. (midstream
MLP)
Mirant
Corporation
(electricity
generation and
sales)
Prior: |
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Pacific Energy
Partners, L.P.
(midstream MLP) |
|
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Albert L. Richey
(born 1949)
|
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Director
|
|
3-year term (until
the 2013 Annual
Meeting of
Stockholders).
Served since 2006.
|
|
Vice President of
Anadarko Petroleum
Corporation since
2008; Vice
President of
Corporate
Development from 2005 to 2008; Vice
President and
Treasurer from 1995
to 2005; and
Treasurer from 1987
to 1995.
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1 |
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Current: |
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Boys & Girls
Clubs of Houston
Boy Scouts of
America |
SAI-9
Interested Director
|
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Number of |
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Position(s) Held |
|
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Principal |
|
Portfolios in Fund |
|
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Name |
|
With |
|
Term of Office / |
|
Occupations During |
|
Complex Overseen by |
|
Other Directorships |
(Year Born) |
|
Registrant |
|
Time of Service |
|
Past Five Years |
|
Director |
|
Held by Director |
Kevin
S. McCarthy (2) (born 1959)
|
|
Chairman of the Board of Directors;
President and Chief
Executive Officer
|
|
3-year term as a director (until the
2012 Annual Meeting
of Stockholders),
elected annually as
an officer. Served
since 2006.
|
|
Senior Managing Director of KACALP
since June 2004 and
of KAFA since 2006.
President and Chief
Executive Officer
of KYN, KYE and KED
since inception
(KYN inception in
2004, KYE inception
in 2005 and KED
inception in 2006).
President and Chief
Executive Officer
of Kayne Anderson
Midstream/Energy
Fund, Inc. since
inception,
September 2010.
Global Head of
Energy at UBS
Securities LLC from
November 2000 to
May 2004.
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4 |
|
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Current:
|
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|
KYN
KYE;
Kayne
Anderson Midstream/Energy
Fund, Inc.
Range
Resources Corporation
(oil and natural gas
company)
International Resource Partners LP (coal
mining)
Direct
Fuel Partners, L.P.
(transmix refining and
fuels distribution
ProPetro Services,
Inc. (oil field
services)
K-Sea Transportation Partners LP (shipping MLP) |
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Robert V. Sinnott (born 1949)(3)
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Director
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3-year term (until the 2013 Annual
Meeting of
Stockholders).
Served since 2006.
|
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President, Chief Executive Officer
and Senior Managing
Director of Energy
Investments of
KACALP since 1992.
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1 |
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Current: |
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Plains
All American, Pipeline
L.P. (Pipeline MLP) |
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(1) |
|
The 1940 Act requires the term Fund Complex to be defined to
include registered Investment Companies advised by our Adviser,
and, as a result, as of August 31, 2010, the Fund Complex
included KYN, KYE and Kayne Anderson Midstream/Energy Fund, Inc. |
|
(2) |
|
Mr. McCarthy is an interested person of Kayne Anderson MLP
Investment Company by virtue of his employment relationship with
our Adviser. |
|
(3) |
|
Mr. Sinnott is an interested person of us by virtue of his
employment relationship as a Senior Managing Director with Kayne
Anderson. |
SAI-10
Officers
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|
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Principal |
|
Other Directorships |
Name |
|
Position(s) Held |
|
Term of Office / |
|
Occupations During |
|
Held by |
(Year Born) |
|
with Registrant |
|
Time of Service |
|
Past Five Years |
|
Officer |
Kevin S.
McCarthy
(born 1959)
|
|
Chairman of the
Board of Directors;
President and Chief
Executive Officer
|
|
3-year term as a
director (until the
2012 Annual Meeting
of Stockholders),
elected annually as
an officer. Served
since inception
|
|
Senior Managing
Director of KACALP
since June 2004 and
of KAFA since 2006.
President and Chief
Executive Officer
of KYN, KYE and KED
since inception.
(KYN inception in
2004, KYE inception
in 2005 and KED
inception in 2006).
President and Chief
Executive Officer
of Kayne Anderson
Midstream/Energy
Fund, Inc. since
inception,
September 2010.
Global Head of
Energy at UBS
Securities LLC from
November 2000 to
May 2004.
|
|
Current:
KYN
KYE
Kayne
Anderson Midstream/Energy Fund Inc.
Range
Resources Corporation
(oil and natural gas
company)
International Resource Partners LP (coal mining)
Direct Fuel
Partners, L.P.
(transmix refining and
fuels distribution)
ProPetro
Services, Inc. (oil
field services)
K-Sea Transportation Partners LP (shipping MLP) |
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Terry A. Hart
(born 1969)
|
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Chief Financial
Officer and
Treasurer
|
|
Elected
annually. Served
since inception.
|
|
Chief Financial
Officer and
Treasurer of KYN
and KYE since
December 2005, of
KED since
September 2006 and
of Kayne Anderson
Midstream/Energy
Fund, Inc. since
September 2010.
Director of
Structured Finance,
Assistant
Treasurer, Senior
Vice President and
Controller of
Dynegy, Inc. from
2000 to 2005.
|
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None |
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|
David J. Shladovsky
(born 1960)
|
|
Secretary and Chief
Compliance Officer
|
|
Elected
annually. Served
since inception
|
|
Managing Director
and General Counsel
of KACALP since
1997 and of KAFA
since 2006.
Secretary and Chief
Compliance Officer
of KYN since 2004,
KYE since 2005, of
KED since 2006 and
of Kayne Anderson
Midstream/Energy
Fund, Inc. since
September 2010.
|
|
None |
SAI-11
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|
|
Principal |
|
Other Directorships |
Name |
|
Position(s) Held |
|
Term of Office / |
|
Occupations During |
|
Held by |
(Year Born) |
|
with Registrant |
|
Time of Service |
|
Past Five Years |
|
Officer |
J.C.
Frey
(born 1968)
|
|
Executive Vice
President,
Assistant
Treasurer,
Assistant Secretary
|
|
Elected
annually. Served as
Assistant Treasurer
and Assistant
Secretary since
inception; served
as Executive Vice
President since
2008
|
|
Senior Managing
Director of KACALP
since 2004 and of
KAFA since 2006,
and Managing
Director of KACALP
since 2000.
Portfolio Manager
of KACALP since
2000, Portfolio
Manager, Vice
President,
Assistant Secretary
and Assistant
Treasurer of KYN
since 2004, KYE
since 2005 and of
KED since 2006.
Executive Vice
President of KYN,
KYE and KED since
June 2008.
Executive Vice
President,
Assistant Treasurer
and Assistant
Secretary of Kayne
Anderson
Midstream/Energy
Fund, Inc. since
September 2010.
|
|
None |
|
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|
|
Ron
M. Logan (born
1960)
|
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Senior Vice
President
|
|
Elected annually.
Served since 2006
|
|
Managing Director
of KACALP and KAFA
since September
2006. Independent
consultant to
several leading
energy firms.
Senior Vice
President of
Ferrellgas Inc from
2003 to 2005. Vice
President of Dynegy
Midstream Services
from 1997 to 2002.
|
|
VantaCore
Partners, LP
(aggregates MLP)
|
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|
|
James C. Baker
(born 1972)
|
|
Executive Vice
President
|
|
Elected
annually. Served as
Vice President from
2005 to 2008.
Served as Executive
Vice President
since 2008
|
|
Senior Managing
Director of KACALP
and KAFA since
February 2008,
Managing Director
of KACALP and KAFA
since December 2004
and 2006,
respectively.
Executive Vice
President of KYN,
KYE and KED since
June 2008 and of
Kayne Anderson
Midstream/Energy
Fund, Inc. since
September 2010.
Vice President of
KYN from 2004 to
2008; KYE from 2005
to 2008 and KED
from 2006 to 2008.
|
|
ProPetro
Services, Inc.
(oilfield services)
Petris
Technology, Inc. (data
management for energy
companies
K-Sea Transportation Partners LP (shipping MLP) |
SAI-12
Committees of the Board of Directors
Our Board of Directors has three standing committees: the Nominating, Corporate Governance and
Compensation Committee (the Nominating Committee), the Valuation Committee and the Audit
Committee.
The Nominating Committee is responsible for appointing and nominating independent persons to
our Board of Directors. The members of the Nominating Committee are William R. Cordes, Barry R.
Pearl, Albert L. Richey and William L. Thacker, each of whom is independent for purposes of the
1940 Act and applicable NYSE Corporate Governance Listing Standards. The Nominating Committee met
one time during the fiscal year ended November 30, 2009. If there is no vacancy on the Board, the
Board of Directors will not actively seek recommendations from other parties, including
stockholders. When a vacancy on the Board of Directors occurs and nominations are sought to fill
such vacancy, the Nominating Committee may seek nominations from those sources it deems appropriate
in its discretion, including our stockholders. To submit a recommendation for nomination as a
candidate for a position on the Board, stockholders shall mail such recommendation to David
Shladovsky, Secretary, at our address: 717 Texas Avenue, Suite 3100 Houston, TX 77002. Such
recommendation shall include the following information: (a) evidence of stock ownership of the
person or entity recommending the candidate (if submitted by one of our stockholders), (b) a full
description of the proposed candidates background, including their education, experience, current
employment, and date of birth, (c) names and addresses of at least three professional references
for the candidate, (d) information as to whether the candidate is an interested person in
relation to us, as such term is defined in the 1940 Act and such other information that may be
considered to impair the candidates independence and (e) any other information that may be helpful
to the Nominating Committee in evaluating the candidate. If a recommendation is received with
satisfactorily completed information regarding a candidate during a time when a vacancy exists on
the Board of Directors or during such other time as the Nominating Committee is accepting
recommendations, the recommendation will be forwarded to the Chair of the Nominating Committee and
counsel to the Independent Directors. Recommendations received at any other time will be kept on
file until such time as the Nominating Committee is accepting recommendations, at which point they
may be considered for nomination.
The Valuation Committee is responsible for the oversight of our pricing procedures and the
valuation of our securities in accordance with such procedures. The members of our Valuation
Committee are Barry R. Pearl, Albert L. Richey, William L. Thacker and Kevin S. McCarthy. The
Valuation Committee met four times during the fiscal year ended November 30, 2009
The Audit Committee is responsible for overseeing our accounting and financial reporting
process, our system of internal controls, audit process and evaluating and appointing our
independent auditors (subject also to Board approval). The members of our Audit Committee are
William R. Cordes, Albert L. Richey and William L. Thacker, each of whom is independent for
purposes of the 1940 Act and applicable New York Stock Exchange (the NYSE) Corporate Governance
Listing Standards. Mr. Cordes currently serves as Chairman of the Audit Committee. The Audit
Committee met four times during the fiscal year ended November 30, 2009.
Director Compensation
Our directors and officers who are interested persons by virtue of their employment by Kayne
Anderson serve without any compensation from us. Each of our Independent Directors receives a
$55,000 annual retainer for serving as a director. In addition, our Independent Directors receive
fees for each meeting attended, as follows: $2,000 per Board meeting; $1,000 per Audit Committee
meeting; and $1,000 for other committee meetings. The Chairman of the Audit Committee receives an
additional $5,000 annually for serving as Chairman. Committee meeting fees are not paid unless the
meeting is held on a day when there is not a Board meeting and the meeting is more than 15 minutes
in length. The Independent Directors are reimbursed for expenses incurred as a result of attendance
at meetings of the Board and its committees.
The following table sets forth compensation by us for the fiscal year ended November 30, 2009
to the Independent Directors. We have no retirement or pension plans.
Pursuant to its charter, our Nominating, Corporate Governance and Compensation Committee,
which is established by our Board, is responsible for overseeing the compensation of our
Independent Directors. The following table sets forth the compensation paid by us during the fiscal
year ended November 30, 2009 to the Independent Directors. No compensation is paid to directors who
are interested persons. We have no retirement or pension plans or any compensation plans under
which our equity securities were authorized for issuance.
SAI-13
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Aggregate |
|
|
Total Compensation |
|
|
|
Compensation |
|
|
from Us and Fund |
|
Director |
|
from Us |
|
|
Complex (1) |
|
Independent Directors |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
William R. Cordes |
|
$ |
71,000 |
|
|
$ |
71,000 |
|
Barry R. Pearl |
|
$ |
72,000 |
|
|
$ |
72,000 |
|
Albert R. Richey |
|
$ |
67,000 |
|
|
$ |
67,000 |
|
William L.
Thacker |
|
$ |
71,000 |
|
|
$ |
71,000 |
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
The Directors do not oversee any other Funds in the Fund Complex. |
Security Ownership of Management
As of November 30, 2009, certain officers of Kayne Anderson, including all of our officers,
own, in the aggregate, approximately $2.2 million of our common stock.
The following table sets forth the dollar range of our equity securities beneficially owned by
our directors and equity securities in other investment companies overseen by the directors within
the same family of investment companies beneficially owned by our directors as of November 30,
2009. Investment companies are considered to be in the same family if they share the same
investment adviser or principal underwriter and hold themselves out to investors as related
companies for purposes of investment and investor services.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Aggregate Dollar Range of |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Equity Securities in All |
|
|
|
Dollar Range (1) of |
|
|
Registered Investment |
|
|
|
Our Equity Securities |
|
|
Companies Overseen by |
|
Name of Director |
|
Owned by Director(2) |
|
|
Director in Fund Complex(3) |
|
Independent Directors |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
William R. Cordes |
|
$ |
10,001- $50,000 |
|
|
$ |
10,001- $50,000 |
|
Barry R. Pearl |
|
$ |
50,001- $100,000 |
|
|
$ |
50,001- $100,000 |
|
Albert L. Richey |
|
Over $100,000 |
|
Over $100,000 |
William L. Thacker |
|
$ |
10,001- $50,000 |
|
|
$ |
10,001- $50,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interested Director |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Kevin S. McCarthy |
|
Over $100,000 |
|
Over $100,000 |
Robert V. Sinnott |
|
Over $100,000 |
|
Over $100,000 |
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Dollar ranges are as follows: none; $1-$10,000; $10,001-$50,000; $50,001-$100,000; over $100,000. |
|
(2) |
|
As of November 30, 2009, our officers and directors, as a group, owned less than 1% of any class
of our outstanding equity Securities. |
|
(3) |
|
Mr. McCarthy is the only one of our directors who also serves on the Boards of Directors of KYN,
KYE and Kayne Anderson Midstream/Energy Fund, Inc., each registered investment companies advised
by our Adviser. |
As of November 30, 2009, our Independent Directors (and their immediate family members) do not
beneficially own securities in entities directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by, or under
common control with, our Adviser.
Information about Each Directors Qualifications, Experience, Attributes or Skills
The Board of Directors believes that each director has the qualifications, experience,
attributes and skills (Director Attributes) appropriate to their continued service as our
directors in light of our business and structure. Each of the directors has a demonstrated record
of business and/or professional accomplishment that indicates that they have the ability to
critically review, evaluate and access information provided to them. Certain of these business and
professional experiences are set forth in detail in the charts above. In addition, all of the
directors have served as a member of the board of one other fund in our Fund Complex, public
companies, or non-profit entities or other organizations other than us, and each of the directors
has served on our Board for a number of years. They therefore have substantial boardroom experience
and, in their service to us, have gained substantial insight as to our operation and have
demonstrated a commitment to discharging oversight duties as directors in the interests of
stockholders.
In addition to the information provided in the charts above, certain additional information
regarding the directors and their Director Attributes is provided below. The information provided
below, and in the charts above, is not all-
SAI-14
inclusive. Many Director Attributes involve intangible elements, such as intelligence,
integrity and work ethic, along with the ability to work together, to communicate effectively, to
exercise judgment and ask incisive questions, and commitment to stockholder interests. The Board
annually conducts a self-assessment wherein the effectiveness of the Board and individual directors
is reviewed. In conducting its annual self-assessment, the Board has determined that the directors
have the appropriate attributes and experience to continue to serve effectively as our directors.
Kevin S. McCarthy. Mr. McCarthy is our Chairman, President, Chief Executive Officer and
co-portfolio manager. In this position, Mr. McCarthy has extensive knowledge of us, our operations,
personnel and financial resources. Prior to joining Kayne Anderson in 2004, Mr. McCarthy was most
recently global head of energy at UBS Securities LLC. In this role, he had senior responsibility
for all of UBS energy investment banking activities, including direct responsibilities for
securities underwriting and mergers and acquisitions in the MLP industry. From 1995 to 2000,
Mr. McCarthy led the energy investment banking activities of Dean Witter Reynolds and then
PaineWebber Incorporated. He began his investment banking career in 1984. In addition to his
directorships at KYE, KYN and Kayne Anderson Midstream/Energy Fund, Inc., he is also on the
board of directors of Range Resources Corporation, International Resource Partners LP, Pro Petro
Services, Inc., Direct Fuel Partners, L.P., and K-Sea Transportation Partners LP. Mr. McCarthy
earned a B.A. in Economics and Geology from Amherst College in 1981 and an M.B.A. in Finance from
the Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania in 1984. Mr. McCarthys position of influence
and responsibility with us and the Adviser, combined with his experience advising energy companies
as an investment banker, make him a valued member of the Board.
Robert V. Sinnott. Mr. Sinnott is President, Chief Executive Officer and Senior Managing
Director of Energy Investments of KACALP. Mr. Sinnott is a member of the Board of Directors of
Plains All American Pipeline, L.P. He joined Kayne Anderson in 1992. From 1986 to 1992, Mr. Sinnott
was Vice President and senior securities officer of Citibanks Investment Banking Division,
concentrating in high-yield corporate buyouts and restructuring opportunities. From 1981 to 1986,
he served as Director of Corporate Finance for United Energy Resources, a pipeline company.
Mr. Sinnott began his career in the financial industry in 1976 as a Vice President and Debt Analyst
for Bank of America in its oil and gas finance department. Mr. Sinnott graduated from the
University of Virginia in 1971 with a BA degree in Economics. In 1976, he received an MBA degree in
Finance from Harvard University. Mr. Sinnotts extensive experience investing in energy companies
and serving as a board member of a public MLP enable him to provide valuable insights to the Board.
William R. Cordes. Mr. Cordes has worked in the natural gas industry for more than 35 years,
including positions as Chief Executive Officer of Northern Border Partners, L.P. (now ONEOK
Partners, L.P.) and President of Northern Natural Gas Company and Transwestern Pipeline Company.
Mr. Cordes began his career with Northern Natural Gas Company in 1970, and held a number of
accounting, regulatory affairs and executive positions in the natural gas retail and interstate
pipeline divisions of the company. Mr. Cordes currently serves on the Board of Directors of
Boardwalk Pipeline Partners, LP, where he serves as a member of the Audit and Conflicts Committee,
and he has served on the board of the Interstate Natural Gas Association of America and as past
Chairman of the Midwest Energy Association. Mr. Cordes graduated from the University of Nebraska
with a degree in Business Administration. Mr. Cordes extensive executive experience in the MLP
sector and the energy industry, as well as his board experience as a director of several
energy-related companies, allows him to provide the Board with insight into the energy industry in
general and natural gas pipelines in particular.
Barry R. Pearl. Mr. Pearl is Executive Vice President of Kealine LLC (and its affiliate WesPac
Energy LLC), a private developer and operator of petroleum infrastructure facilities. Mr. Pearl is
a member of the Board of Directors of Targa Resources Partners LP, where he serves as Chairman of
the Audit and Conflicts Committee. Mr. Pearl is also a member of the Board of Directors of Magellan
Midstream Partners, L.P., where he serves as a member of the Audit Committee. From 2006 to 2010
Mr. Pearl was a member of the Board of Directors of Seaspan Corporation. Mr. Pearl was elected
President of Texas Eastern Products Pipeline Company, LLC in February 2001 and Chief Executive
Officer and director of TEPPCO Partners, L.P. (TEPPCO) in May 2002, where he served until
December 31, 2005. Mr. Pearl was previously Chief Operating Officer of TEPPCO from February 2001
until May 2002. Prior to joining TEPPCO, Mr. Pearl was Vice President Finance and Administration,
Treasurer, Secretary and Chief Financial Officer of Maverick Tube Corporation from June 1998.
Mr. Pearl was Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Santa Fe Pacific Pipeline
Partners, L.P. from 1995 until 1998, and Senior Vice President, Business Development from 1992 to
1995. Mr. Pearl is past Chairman of the Executive Committee of the Association of Oil Pipelines.
Mr. Pearl graduated from Indiana University in 1970 with a Bachelor of Arts degree in Mathematics.
He received a Master of Arts degree in Operations Research from Yale University in 1972 and a
Master in Business
SAI-15
Administration degree from Denver University in 1975. In addition to his extensive executive
experience in the MLP sector and the energy industry, as well as his board experience as a director
of several energy-related companies, Mr. Pearl brings to the Board many years of experience as the
chairman of the audit committees of several public companies.
Albert L. Richey. Mr. Richey is a Vice President at Anadarko Petroleum Corporation. From 2005
through 2008 he served as Vice President, Corporate Development. Mr. Richey joined Anadarko in 1987
as Manager of Treasury Operations. He was named Treasurer later that year and was named Vice
President in 1995. Mr. Richeys background in the oil and gas industry includes The Offshore
Company (a predecessor company to Transocean Ltd.), United Energy Resources and Sandefer Oil & Gas.
Mr. Richey received a Bachelor of Science degree in Commerce in 1971 from the University of
Virginia. In 1974, he earned a Master of Business Administration degree from the Darden Graduate
School of Business at the University of Virginia. He serves as a member of the Board of Directors
for the Boys & Girls Clubs of Houston and Boy Scouts of America. In addition to his background in
the energy industry, Mr. Richeys professional experience related to financial matters and his role
as an executive in one of the largest independent domestic exploration and production companies
equip him to offer further insights to the Board.
William L. Thacker. Mr. Thacker is a member of the Board of Directors of Copano Energy,
L.L.C., where he serves as Chairman of the Board of Directors, and as a member of the Compensation
and Nominating and Governance Committees. Mr. Thacker is a member of the Board of Directors of
Mirant Corporation where he serves as Chairman of the Compensation Committee. From April 2004 until
November 2006 he was also a member of the Board of Directors of Pacific Energy Management, LLC, the
general partner of Pacific Energy GP, LP, which was in turn the general partner of Pacific Energy
Partners, L.P. He served as Chairman of the Nominating and Governance Committee of Pacific Energy
Management, LLC. Mr. Thacker joined Texas Eastern Products Pipeline Company, LLC (the general
partner of TEPPCO) in September 1992 as President, Chief Operating Officer and Director. He was
elected Chief Executive Officer in January 1994. In March 1997, he was named to the additional
position of Chairman of the Board, which he held until his retirement in May 2002. Prior to joining
Texas Eastern Products Pipeline Company, LLC, Mr. Thacker was President of Unocal Pipeline Company
from 1986 until 1992. Mr. Thacker is past Chairman of the Executive Committee of the Association of
Oil Pipelines and has served as a member of the Board of Directors of the American Petroleum
Institute. Mr. Thacker holds a Bachelor of Mechanical Engineering degree from the Georgia Institute
of Technology and a Master of Business Administration degree from Lamar University. Mr. Thacker has
extensive experience in the MLP sector and the energy industry. In addition, Mr. Thacker brings to
the Board many years of experience as a board member of several publicly traded energy companies.
Board Leadership Structure
Our business and affairs are managed under the direction of its Board of Directors, including
the duties performed for us pursuant to our investment management agreement. Among other things,
the directors set broad policies for us, approve the appointment of our Adviser, administrator and
officers, and approves the engagement, and reviews the performance of, our independent registered
accounting firm. The role of the Board and of any individual director is one of oversight and not
of management of our day-to-day affairs.
The Board of Directors currently consists of six directors, four of whom are not interested
persons, as defined in the 1940 Act. We refer to these individuals as our Independent Directors.
As part of each regular Board meeting, the Independent Directors meet separately from our
Adviser and, as part of at least one Board meeting each year, with our Chief Compliance Officer.
The Board reviews its leadership structure periodically as part of its annual self-assessment
process and believes that its structure is appropriate to enable the Board to exercise its
oversight of us.
Under
our Bylaws, the Board of Directors may designate a Chairman to preside over
meetings of the Board of Directors and meetings of stockholders, and to perform such other duties
as may be assigned to him or her by the Board. We do not have an established policy as to whether
the Chairman of the Board shall be an Independent Director and believe that the Board of Directors
flexibility to determine its Chairman and reorganize its leadership structure from time to time is
in the best interests of our stockholders.
SAI-16
Presently, Mr. McCarthy serves as Chairman of the Board of Directors. Mr. McCarthy is an
interested person, as defined in the 1940 Act, by virtue of his employment
relationship with our Adviser. We believe that Mr. McCarthys history with the Kayne Anderson
investment platform and extensive experience in the field of energy-related investments qualifies
him to serve as the Chairman of the Board. The Board has determined that the composition of the
Audit and Nominating Committees are appropriate means to address any potential conflicts of
interest that may arise from the Chairmans status as an interested person. The
Board of Directors believes that this Board leadership structurea combined Chairman of the Board
and Chief Executive Officer and committees led by Independent Directorsis the optimal structure
for us at this time. Since the Chief Executive Officer has the most extensive knowledge of the
various aspects of our business and is directly involved in managing both our day-to-day operations
and long-term strategy, the Board has determined that Mr. McCarthy is the most qualified individual
to lead the Board and serve in the key position as Chairman. The Board has also concluded that this
structure allows for efficient and effective communication with the Board.
Our Board of Directors does not currently have a designated lead independent director.
Instead, all of the Independent Directors play an active role on the Board of Directors. The
Independent Directors compose a majority of our Board of Directors, and are closely involved in all
our material deliberations. The Board of Directors believes that, with these practices, each
Independent Director has an equal stake in the Boards actions and oversight role and equal
accountability to us and our stockholders.
Board Role in Risk Oversight
The Board oversees the services provided by our Adviser, including certain risk management
functions. Risk management is a broad concept comprised of many disparate elements (such as, for
example, investment risk, issuer and counterparty risk, compliance risk, operational risk and
business continuity risk). Consequently, Board oversight of different types of risks is handled in
different ways, and the Board implements its risk oversight function both as a whole and through
Board committees. In the course of providing oversight, the Board and its committees receive
reports on our activities, including regarding our investment portfolio and its financial
accounting and reporting. The Board also meets at least quarterly with our Chief Compliance
Officer, who reports on our compliance with the federal securities laws and our internal compliance
policies and procedures. The Audit Committees meetings with our independent public accounting firm
also contribute to its oversight of certain internal control risks. In addition, the Board meets
periodically with our representatives and our Adviser to receive reports regarding our
management, including certain investment and operational risks, and the Independent Directors are
encouraged to communicate directly with senior management.
We believe that Board roles in risk oversight must be evaluated on a case-by-case basis and
that its existing role in risk oversight is appropriate. Management believes that we have robust
internal processes in place and a strong internal control environment to identify and manage risks.
However, not all risks that may affect us can be identified or processes and controls developed to
eliminate or mitigate their occurrence or effects, and some risks are
beyond our control or the control of our Adviser, its affiliates or other service providers.
SAI-17
CONTROL PERSONS
As of June 30, 2010, there were no persons who owned 25% or more of our outstanding voting
securities, and we believe no person should be deemed to control us, as such term is defined in the
1940 Act.
As of June 30, 2010, based on statements publicly filed with the SEC, we are aware of three
persons who beneficially own more than 5% of our outstanding common stock as noted in the table
below.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number of |
|
Percent of |
Name of Beneficial Owner of Common Stock |
|
Shares |
|
Class(1) |
Cedar Hill and Associates |
|
|
|
|
120 South LaSalle St, Suite 1750
Chicago, IL 60603-3447 |
|
953,437 |
|
9.4% |
|
|
|
|
|
Burgundy Asset Management Ltd. |
|
|
|
|
181 Bay Street, Suite 4510
Toronto, Ontario M5J 2T3 |
|
683,646 |
|
6.7% |
|
|
|
|
|
Tiedemann Trust Company |
|
|
|
|
1201 N. Market Street, 14th Floor
Wilmington, DE 19801 |
|
511,483 |
|
5.0% |
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Based on 10,242,094 shares of common stock outstanding as of September 30, 2010 |
INVESTMENT ADVISER
KAFA, is registered with the SEC under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended.
Our Adviser provides us with professional investment supervision and management and permits any of
its officers or employees to serve without compensation as our Directors or officers if elected to
such positions. Our Adviser is located at 717 Texas Avenue, Suite 3100, Houston, Texas 77002.
KAFA
acts as our investment adviser pursuant to an Investment Management Agreement. The Investment Management
Agreement will continue in effect from year to year after its current one-year term so long as its
continuation is approved at least annually by our Directors including a majority of Independent
Directors or the vote of a majority of our outstanding voting securities. The Investment Management
Agreement may be terminated at any time without the payment of any penalty upon 60 days written
notice by either party, or by action of the Board of Directors or by a majority vote of our
outstanding voting securities (accompanied by appropriate notice), and will terminate automatically
upon assignment. The Investment Management Agreement may also be terminated, at any time, without
payment of any penalty, by the Board of Directors or by vote of a majority of our outstanding
voting securities (as defined under the 1940 Act), in the event that it shall have been established
by a court of competent jurisdiction that the Adviser or any officer or director of the Adviser has
taken any action which results in a breach of the covenants of the Adviser set forth in the
Investment Management Agreement. The Investment Management Agreement provides that the Adviser
shall not be liable for any loss sustained by reason of the purchase, sale or retention of any
security, whether or not such purchase, sale or retention shall have been based upon the
investigation and research made by any other individual, firm or corporation, if such
recommendation shall have been selected with due care and in good faith, except loss resulting from
willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence on the part of the Adviser in performance of its
obligations and duties, or by reason of its reckless disregard of its obligations and duties under
the Investment Management Agreement. As compensation for the Advisers services, we pay the Adviser
a fee as described in our prospectus. See Management Investment Management Agreement in our
prospectus.
In addition to our Advisers management fee, we pay all other costs and expenses of our
operations, such as compensation of our Directors (other than those affiliated with Kayne Anderson)
and expenses relating to Directors meetings, custodian, transfer agency, administrative,
accounting and disbursement expenses, legal fees, leverage expenses, expenses of independent
auditors, expenses of personnel including those who are affiliates of our Adviser reasonably
incurred in connection with arranging or structuring portfolio transactions for us, expenses of
repurchasing our securities, expenses of preparing, printing and distributing stockholder reports,
notices, proxy statements and
SAI-18
reports to governmental agencies, and taxes, if any. All fees and expenses are accrued and
deducted before payment of Distributions to investors.
CODE OF ETHICS
We and our Adviser have each adopted a code of ethics, as required by federal securities laws.
Under both codes of ethics, employees who are designated as access persons may engage in personal
securities transactions, including transactions involving securities that are currently held by us
or, in limited circumstances, that are being considered for purchase or sale by us, subject to
certain general restrictions and procedures set forth in our code of ethics. The personal
securities transactions of our access persons and those of our Adviser will be governed by the
applicable code of ethics.
Our Adviser and its affiliates manage other investment companies and accounts. Our Adviser
may give advice and take action with respect to any of the other funds it manages, or for its own
account, that may differ from action taken by our Adviser on our behalf. Similarly, with respect to
our portfolio, our Adviser is not obligated to recommend, buy or sell, or to refrain from
recommending, buying or selling any security that our Adviser and access persons, as defined by
applicable federal securities laws, may buy or sell for its or their own account or for the
accounts of any other fund. The Adviser is not obligated to refrain from investing in securities
held by us or other funds it manages.
We and our Adviser have text-only versions of the codes of ethics that will be available on
the EDGAR Database on the SECs internet web site at www.sec.gov. Those documents can be inspected
and copied at the public reference facilities maintained by the SEC in Washington, D.C. Information
about the operation of the public reference facilities may be obtained by calling the SEC at (202)
551-8090. Copies of such material may also be obtained from the Public Reference Section of the SEC
at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549, at prescribed rates. In addition, copies of the
codes of ethics may be obtained from us free of charge at (713) 493-2020. You may also e-mail
requests for these documents to publicinfo@sec.gov or make a request in writing to the SECs Public
Reference Section, 100 F Street, N.E., Room 1580, Washington, D.C. 20549.
PROXY VOTING PROCEDURES
SEC-registered advisers that have the authority to vote (client) proxies (which authority may
be implied from a general grant of investment discretion) are required to adopt policies and
procedures reasonably designed to ensure that the adviser votes proxies in the best interests of
its clients. Registered advisers also must maintain certain records on proxy voting. In many cases,
we will invest in securities that do not generally entitle us to voting rights in our portfolio
companies. When we do have voting rights, we will delegate the exercise of such rights to our
Adviser, to whom our Board has delegated the authority to develop policies and procedures relating
to proxy voting. Our Advisers proxy voting policies and procedures are summarized below.
In determining how to vote, officers of our Adviser will consult with each other and our other
investment professionals, taking into account the interests of us and our investors as well as any
potential conflicts of interest. When our Advisers investment professionals identify a potentially
material conflict of interest regarding a vote, the vote and the potential conflict will be
presented to our Advisers Proxy Voting Committee for a final decision. If our Adviser determines
that such conflict prevents our Adviser from determining how to vote on the proxy proposal in our
best interest, our Adviser shall either (1) vote in accordance with a predetermined specific policy
to the extent that our Advisers policies and procedures include a pre-determined voting policy
for such proposal or (2) disclose the conflict to our Board and obtain the Boards consent prior to
voting on such proposal.
An officer of our Adviser will keep a written record of how all such proxies are voted. Our
Adviser will retain records of (1) its proxy voting policies and procedures, (2) all proxy
statements received regarding investors securities (or it may rely on proxy statements filed on
the SECs EDGAR Database in lieu thereof), (3) all votes cast on behalf of investors, (4) investor
written requests for information regarding how Kayne Anderson voted proxies of that investor and
any written response to any (written or oral) investor requests for such information, and (5) any
documents prepared by our Adviser that are material to making a decision on a proxy vote or that
memorialized such decision. The aforementioned proxy voting records will be maintained, preserved
and easily accessible for a period of not less than five years. The Adviser may rely on one or more
third parties to make and retain the records of proxy statements and votes cast.
SAI-19
Information regarding how proxies relating to our portfolio securities are voted during the
12-month period ended June 30th of any year will be made available on or around August 30th of that
year, (i) without charge, upon request, by calling (713) 493-2020 (toll-free/collect); and (ii) on
the SECs website at www.sec.gov.
Our Adviser has adopted proxy voting guidelines that provide general direction regarding how
it will vote on a number of significant and recurring ballot proposals. These guidelines are not
mandatory voting policies, but rather are an indication of general voting preferences. The
following are a few examples of these guidelines:
|
|
|
The Adviser generally votes against proposals to classify the board and for proposals to
repeal classified boards and to elect directors annually. |
|
|
|
|
The Adviser generally votes against proposals to ratify a poison pill and for proposals
that ask a company to submit its poison pill for shareholder ratification. |
|
|
|
|
The Adviser generally votes against proposals to require a supermajority shareholder vote
to approve charter and bylaw amendments and for proposals to lower such supermajority
shareholder vote requirements. |
|
|
|
|
The Adviser generally votes for management proposals to increase the number of shares of
common stock authorized for issue provided management demonstrated a satisfactory reason for
the potential issuance of the additionally authorized shares. |
|
|
|
|
The Adviser generally votes for proposals to increase common share authorization for a
stock split provided management demonstrates a reasonable basis for the split and for
proposals to implement a reverse stock split provided management demonstrates a reasonable
basis for the reverse split. |
|
|
|
|
Absent special circumstances (e.g., actions taken in the context of a hostile takeover
attempt) indicating an abusive purpose, the Adviser, on a case-by-case basis, votes on
proposals that would authorize the creation of new classes of preferred stock with
unspecified voting, conversion, dividend and distribution, and other rights. |
|
|
|
|
Proposals to change a companys state of incorporation are examined on a case-by-case
basis. |
|
|
|
|
The Adviser, on a case-by-case basis, votes on mergers and acquisitions taking into
account at least the following: |
|
|
|
anticipated financial and operating benefits; |
|
|
|
|
offer price (cost vs. premium); |
|
|
|
|
prospects of the combined companies; |
|
|
|
|
how the deal was negotiated; and |
|
|
|
|
changes in corporate governance and their impact on shareholder rights. |
|
|
|
The Adviser generally supports shareholder social and environmental proposals, and votes
such matters, on a case-by-case basis, where the proposal enhances the long-term value of
the shareholder and does not diminish the return on investment. |
PORTFOLIO MANAGER INFORMATION
The following section discusses the accounts managed by our portfolio managers, the structure
and method of our portfolio managers compensation, and their ownership of our securities. This
information is current as of November 30, 2009. We are a closed-end management investment company
managed by our portfolio managers, Kevin McCarthy and J.C. Frey. We pay our Adviser a management
fee at an annual rate of 1.75% of our average total assets.
SAI-20
Messrs. McCarthy and Frey are compensated by
Kayne Anderson through distributions based on the
amount of assets they manage and receive a portion of the advisory fees applicable to those
accounts, which, with respect to certain accounts, are based in part, on the performance of those
accounts. Some of the other accounts managed by Mr. Frey may have investment strategies that are
similar to ours. However, Kayne Anderson manages potential conflicts of interest by allocating
investment opportunities in accordance with its allocation policies and procedures.
Other Accounts Managed by Portfolio Managers
The following table reflects information regarding accounts for which the portfolio managers
have day-to-day management responsibilities (other than us). Accounts are grouped into three
categories: (i) registered investment companies, (ii) other pooled investment accounts, and
(iii) other accounts. To the extent that any of these accounts pay advisory fees that are based on
account performance, this information will be reflected in a separate table below. Information is
shown as of November 30, 2009. Asset amounts are approximate and have been rounded.
|
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Registered |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investment Companies |
|
Other Pooled |
|
|
|
|
|
(Excluding Us) |
|
Investment Vehicles |
|
Other Accounts |
|
|
Number of |
|
Total Assets in the |
|
Number of |
|
Total Assets in the |
|
Number of |
|
Total Assets in the |
Portfolio Manager |
|
Accounts |
|
Accounts |
|
Accounts |
|
Accounts |
|
Accounts |
|
Accounts |
|
|
|
|
($ in millions) |
|
|
|
($ in millions) |
|
|
|
($ in millions) |
Kevin McCarthy |
|
2 |
|
$2,470.6 |
|
|
|
NA |
|
|
|
NA |
J.C. Frey |
|
2 |
|
$2,470.6 |
|
|
|
NA |
|
2 |
|
$22.7 |
Other Accounts That Pay Performance-Based Advisory Fees Managed by Portfolio Managers
The following table reflects information regarding accounts for which the portfolio managers
have day-to-day management responsibilities (other than us) and with respect to which the advisory
fee is based on account performance. Information is shown as of November 30, 2009. Asset amounts
are approximate and have been rounded.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Registered |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investment Companies |
|
Other Pooled |
|
|
|
|
|
(Excluding Us) |
|
Investment Vehicles |
|
Other Accounts |
|
|
Number of |
|
Total Assets in the |
|
Number of |
|
Total Assets in the |
|
Number of |
|
Total Assets in the |
Portfolio Manager |
|
Accounts |
|
Accounts |
|
Accounts |
|
Accounts |
|
Accounts |
|
Accounts |
|
|
|
|
($ in millions) |
|
|
|
($ in millions) |
|
|
|
($ in millions) |
Kevin McCarthy |
|
|
|
NA |
|
1 |
|
$348.6 |
|
|
|
NA |
J.C. Frey |
|
|
|
NA |
|
11 |
|
$1,724.5 |
|
2 |
|
$29.3 |
Messrs. McCarthy and Frey are compensated by Kayne Anderson through partnership distributions
based on the amount of assets they manage and they receive a portion of the
advisory fees applicable to those accounts, which, with respect to certain amounts, as noted above,
are based in part on the performance of those accounts. Some of the other accounts managed by
Messrs. McCarthy and Frey have investment strategies that are similar to ours. However, Kayne
Anderson manages potential conflicts of interest by allocating investment opportunities in
accordance with its allocation policies and procedures. At November 30, 2009, Messrs. McCarthy and
Frey owned approximately $0.3 million and $0.2 million of our equity, respectively, and through
their limited partnership interests in the parent company of the Adviser, which indirectly owns
4,000 shares of our common stock (with a value of approximately $0.1 million), Messrs. McCarthy and
Frey could be deemed to also indirectly own a portion of our securities.
PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS AND BROKERAGE
Subject
to the oversight of the Board of Directors, our Adviser is responsible for
decisions to buy and sell securities for us and for the placement of our securities business, the
negotiation of the commissions to be paid on brokered transactions, the prices for principal trades
in securities, and the allocation of portfolio brokerage and principal business. It is the policy
of Kayne Anderson to seek the best execution at the best security price available with respect to
each transaction, and with respect to brokered transactions in light of the overall quality of
brokerage and research services provided to our Adviser and its advisees. The best price to the us
means the best net price
SAI-21
without regard to the mix between purchase or sale price and commission, if any. Purchases may
be made from underwriters, dealers, and, on occasion, the issuers. Commissions will be paid on our
futures and options transactions, if any. The purchase price of portfolio securities purchased from
an underwriter or dealer may include underwriting commissions and dealer spreads. We may pay
mark-ups on principal transactions. In selecting broker/dealers and in negotiating commissions,
Kayne Anderson considers, among other things, the firms reliability, the quality of its execution
services on a continuing basis and its financial condition. The selection of a broker-dealer may
take into account the sale of products sponsored or advised by Kayne Anderson and/or its
affiliates. If approved by our Board, our Adviser may select an affiliated broker-dealer to
effect transactions in our fund, so long as such transactions are consistent with Rule 17e-1 under
the 1940 Act.
Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (Section 28(e)), permits an
investment adviser, under certain circumstances, to cause an account to pay a broker or dealer who
supplies brokerage and research services a commission for effecting a transaction in excess of the
amount of commission another broker or dealer would have charged for effecting the transaction.
Brokerage and research services include (a) furnishing advice as to the value of securities, the
advisability of investing, purchasing or selling securities, and the availability of securities or
purchasers or sellers of securities; (b) furnishing analyses and reports concerning issuers,
industries, securities, economic factors and trends, portfolio strategy, and the performance of
accounts; and (c) effecting securities transactions and performing functions incidental thereto
(such as clearance, settlement, and custody).
In light of the above, in selecting brokers, Kayne Anderson may consider investment and market
information and other research, such as economic, securities and performance measurement research,
provided by such brokers, and the quality and reliability of brokerage services, including
execution capability, performance, and financial responsibility. Accordingly, the commissions
charged by any such broker may be greater than the amount another firm might charge if Kayne
Anderson determines in good faith that the amount of such commissions is reasonable in relation to
the value of the research information and brokerage services provided by such broker to Kayne
Anderson or to us. The Adviser believes that the research information received in this manner
provides us with benefits by supplementing the research otherwise available to us. The investment
advisory fees paid by us to our Adviser under the Investment Management Agreement are not reduced
as a result of receipt by Kayne Anderson of research services.
The Adviser may place portfolio transactions for other advisory accounts that it advises, and
research services furnished by firms through which we effect our securities transactions may be
used by Kayne Anderson in servicing some or all of its accounts; not all of such services may be
used by Kayne Anderson in connection with us. Because the volume and nature of the trading
activities of the accounts are not uniform, the amount of commissions in excess of those charged by
another broker paid by each account for brokerage and research services will vary. However, Kayne
Anderson believes such costs to us will not be disproportionate to the benefits received by us on a
continuing basis. Kayne Anderson seeks to allocate portfolio transactions equitably whenever
concurrent decisions are made to purchase or sell securities by us and another advisory account. In
some cases, this procedure could have an adverse effect on the price or the amount of securities
available to us. In making such allocations between the us and other advisory accounts, the main
factors considered by Kayne Anderson are the investment objective, the relative size of portfolio
holding of the same or comparable securities, the availability of cash for investment and the size
of investment commitments generally held, and the opinions of the persons responsible for
recommending investments to us and such other accounts and funds.
For the fiscal years ended November 30, 2007, November 30, 2008 and November 30, 2009, we paid
aggregate brokerage commissions of $1, $0 and $0, respectively.
LIMITATION ON LIABILITY OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS
Maryland law permits a Maryland corporation to include in its charter a provision limiting the
liability of its directors and officers to the corporation and its stockholders for money damages
except for liability resulting from (a) actual receipt of an improper benefit or profit in money,
property or services or (b) active and deliberate dishonesty established by a final judgment as
being material to the cause of action. Our Charter contains such a provision which eliminates
directors and officers liability to the maximum extent permitted by Maryland law, subject to the
requirements of the 1940 Act.
SAI-22
Our Charter authorizes us, to the maximum extent permitted by Maryland law and subject to the
requirements of the 1940 Act, to obligate us to indemnify any present or former Director or officer
or any individual who, while serving as our Director or officer and, at our request, serves or has
served another corporation, real estate investment trust, partnership, joint venture, trust,
employee benefit plan or other enterprise as a director, officer, partner or trustee, from and
against any claim or liability to which that individual may become subject or which that individual
may incur by reason of his or her service in any such capacity and to pay or reimburse his or her
reasonable expenses in advance of final disposition of a proceeding.
Our Bylaws obligate us, to the maximum extent permitted by Maryland law and subject to the
requirements of the 1940 Act, to indemnify any present or former Director or officer or any
individual who, while serving as our Director or officer and, at our request, serves or has served
another corporation, real estate investment trust, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee
benefit plan or other enterprise as a director, officer, partner or trustee and who is made, or
threatened to be made, a party to the proceeding by reason of his or her service in any such
capacity from and against any claim or liability to which that individual may become subject or
which that individual may incur by reason of his or her service in any such capacity and to pay or
reimburse his or her reasonable expenses in advance of final disposition of a proceeding. Our
Charter and Bylaws also permit us to indemnify and advance expenses to any individual who served
any predecessor of us in any of the capacities described above and any employee or agent of ours or
our predecessor, if any.
Maryland law requires a corporation (unless its charter provide otherwise, which is not the
case for our Charter) to indemnify a director or officer who has been successful, on the merits or
otherwise, in the defense of any proceeding to which he or she is made, or threatened to be made, a
party by reason of his or her service in that capacity. Maryland law permits a corporation to
indemnify its present and former directors and officers, among others, against judgments,
penalties, fines, settlements and reasonable expenses actually incurred by them in connection with
any proceeding to which they may be made, or threatened to be made, a party by reason of their
service in those or other capacities unless it is established that (a) the act or omission of the
director or officer was material to the matter giving rise to the proceeding and (1) was committed
in bad faith or (2) was the result of active and deliberate dishonesty, (b) the director or officer
actually received an improper personal benefit in money, property or services or (c) in the case of
any criminal proceeding, the director or officer had reasonable cause to believe the act or
omission was unlawful. However, under Maryland law, a Maryland corporation may not indemnify for an
adverse judgment in a suit by or in the right of the corporation or for a judgment of liability on
the basis that a personal benefit was improperly received, unless in either case a court orders
indemnification, and then only for expenses. In addition, Maryland law permits a corporation to pay
or reimburse reasonable expenses to a director or officer in advance of final disposition of a
proceeding upon the corporations receipt of (a) a written affirmation by the director or officer
of his or her good faith belief that he or she has met the standard of conduct necessary for
indemnification by the corporation and (b) a written undertaking by him or her or on his or her
behalf to repay the amount paid or reimbursed by the corporation if it is ultimately determined
that the standard of conduct was not met.
In accordance with the 1940 Act, we will not indemnify any person for any liability to which
such person would be subject by reason of such persons willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross
negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his or her office.
TAX MATTERS
The following discussion of federal income tax matters is based on the advice of Paul,
Hastings, Janofsky & Walker LLP, our counsel.
SAI-23
Matters Addressed
This section and the discussion in our prospectus (see Tax Matters) provide a general
summary of the material U.S. federal income tax consequences to the persons who purchase, own and
dispose of our securities. It does not address all federal income tax consequences that may apply
to an investment in our securities or to particular categories of investors, some of which may be
subject to special rules. Unless otherwise indicated, this discussion is limited to taxpayers who
are U.S. persons, as defined herein. The discussion that follows is based on the provisions of the
Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the Code) and Treasury regulations promulgated
thereunder as in effect on the date hereof and on existing judicial and administrative
interpretations thereof. These authorities are subject to change and to differing interpretations,
which could apply retroactively. Potential investors should consult their own tax advisors in
determining the federal, state, local, foreign and any other tax consequences to them of the
purchase, ownership and disposition of our securities. This discussion does not address all tax
consequences that may be applicable to a U.S. person that is a beneficial owner of our securities,
nor does it address, unless specifically indicated, the tax consequences to, among others,
(i) persons that may be subject to special treatment under U.S. federal income tax law, including,
but not limited to, banks, insurance companies, thrift institutions, regulated investment
companies, real estate investment trusts, tax-exempt organizations and dealers in securities or
currencies, (ii) persons that will hold our securities as part of a position in a straddle or as
part of a hedging, conversion or other integrated investment transaction for U.S. federal
income tax purposes, (iii) persons whose functional currency is not the United States dollar or
(iv) persons that do not hold our securities as capital assets within the meaning of Section 1221
of the Code.
For purposes of this discussion, a U.S. person is (i) an individual citizen or resident of
the United States, (ii) a corporation or partnership organized in or under the laws of the United
States or any state thereof or the District of Columbia (other than a partnership that is not
treated as a United States person under any applicable Treasury regulations), (iii) an estate the
income of which is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source, or (iv) a
trust if a court within the United States is able to exercise primary supervision over the
administration of such trust and one or more U.S. persons have the authority to control all the
substantial decisions of such trust. Notwithstanding clause (iv) above, to the extent provided in
regulations, certain trusts in existence on August 20, 1996, and treated as U.S. persons prior to
such date that elect to continue to be so treated also shall be considered U.S. persons.
Tax Characterization for U.S. Federal Income Tax Purposes
We are treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Thus, we are subject to
U.S. corporate income tax on our net taxable income. Such taxable income would generally include
all of our net income from our limited partner investments in MLPs. The current U.S. federal
maximum graduated income tax rate for corporations is 35%. In addition, the United States also
imposes a 20% alternative minimum tax on the recalculated alternative minimum taxable income of an
entity treated as a corporation. Any such U.S. corporate income tax or alternative minimum tax
could materially reduce cash available to make Distributions or interest payments on our
securities. We are also obligated to pay state income tax on our taxable income, either because the
states follow our federal classification as a corporation or because the states separately impose a
tax on us.
The MLPs in which we invest are generally treated as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax
purposes. As a partner in such MLPs, we will be required to report our allocable share of
partnership income, gain, loss, deduction and expense, whether or not any cash is distributed from
the MLPs.
The MLPs in which we invest are in the energy sector, primarily operating midstream energy
assets; therefore, we anticipate that the majority of our items of income, gain, loss, deductions
and expenses are related to energy ventures. However, some items are likely to relate to the
temporary investment of our capital, which may be unrelated to energy ventures.
In general, energy ventures have historically generated taxable income less than the amount of
cash distributions that they produced, at least for periods of the investments life cycle. We
anticipate that we will not incur U.S. federal income tax on a significant portion of our cash flow
received, particularly after taking into account our current operating expenses. However, our
particular investments may not perform consistently with historical patterns in the industry, and
as a result, tax may be incurred by us with respect to certain investments.
SAI-24
Although we hold our interests in MLPs for investment purposes, we are likely to sell
interests in a particular MLP from time to time. On any such sale, we will recognize gain or loss
based upon the difference between the consideration received for tax purposes on the sale and our
adjusted tax basis in the interest sold. The consideration received is generally the amount paid by
the purchaser plus any debt of the MLP allocated to us that will shift to the purchaser on the
sale. Our initial tax basis in an MLP is generally the amount paid for the interest, but is
decreased for any distributions of cash received by us in excess of our allocable share of taxable
income and decreased by our allocable share of net losses. Thus, although cash in excess of taxable
income and net tax losses may create a temporary economic benefit to us, they will increase the
amount of gain (or decrease the amount of loss) on the sale of an interest in an MLP. Favorable
federal income tax rates do not apply to our long-term capital gains because we are a corporation.
Thus, we are subject to federal income tax on our long-term capital gains at ordinary corporate
income tax rates of up to 35%.
In calculating our alternative minimum taxable income, certain percentage depletion deductions
and intangible drilling costs may be treated as items of tax preference. Items of tax preference
increase alternative minimum taxable income and increase the likelihood that we may be subject to
the alternative minimum tax.
We have not elected, and we do not expect to elect, to be treated as a regulated investment
company for federal income tax purposes. In order to qualify as a regulated investment company, the
income, assets and distributions of the company must meet certain minimum threshold tests. Because
we invest principally in MLPs, we cannot meet such tests. In contrast to the tax rules that will
apply to us, a regulated investment company generally does not pay corporate income tax, taking
into consideration a deduction for dividends paid to its stockholders. At the present time, the
regulated investment company taxation rules have no application to us, including the current
limitation on investment in MLPs by regulated investment companies.
Tax Consequences to Investors
The owners of our securities will be viewed for federal income tax purposes as having income
or loss on their investment in our securities rather than in the underlying MLPs. The owners of our
common stock will receive a Form 1099 from us based upon the Distributions made (or deemed to have
been made) rather than based upon the income, gain, loss or deductions of the MLPs.
SAI-25
PERFORMANCE RELATED AND COMPARATIVE INFORMATION
We may quote certain performance-related information and may compare certain aspects of our
portfolio and structure to other substantially similar closed-end funds. In reports or other
communications to our stockholders or in advertising materials, we may compare our performance with
that of (i) other investment companies listed in the rankings prepared by Lipper, Inc. (Lipper),
Morningstar Inc. or other independent services; publications such as Barrons, Business Week,
Forbes, Fortune, Institutional Investor, Kiplingers Personal Finance, Money, Morningstar Mutual
Fund Values, The New York Times, The Wall Street Journal and USA Today; or other industry or
financial publications or (ii) the Standard and Poors Index of 500 Stocks, the Dow Jones
Industrial Average, NASDAQ Composite Index and other relevant indices and industry publications.
Comparison of ourselves to an alternative investment should be made with consideration of
differences in features and expected performance. We may obtain data from sources or reporting
services, such as Bloomberg Financial and Lipper, that we believe to be generally accurate.
Our performance will vary depending upon market conditions, the composition of our portfolio
and our operating expenses. Consequently any given performance quotation should not be considered
representative of our performance in the future. In addition, because performance will fluctuate,
it may not provide a basis for comparing an investment in our portfolio with certain bank deposits
or other investments that pay a fixed yield for a stated period of time. Investors comparing our
performance with that of other investment companies should give consideration to the quality and
type of the respective investment companies portfolio securities.
Past performance is not indicative of future results. At the time owners of our securities
sell our securities, they may be worth more or less than the original investment.
EXPERTS
Our financial statements included in our Annual Report for the fiscal year ended November 30,
2009, incorporated by reference into this SAI, have been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP,
independent registered public accounting firm, as set forth in their report thereon incorporated by
reference herein, and is included in reliance upon such report given upon the authority of such
firm as experts in accounting and auditing. PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP provides auditing services
to us. The principal business address of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP is 350 South Grand Avenue, Los
Angeles, California 90071.
OTHER SERVICE PROVIDERS
JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., located at 14201 North Dallas Parkway, Second Floor, Dallas, Texas
75254, acts as our custodian. Ultimus Fund Solutions, LLC, located at 225 Pictoria Drive, Suite
450, Cincinnati, Ohio 4524665, provides certain administrative services for us and also acts as our
fund accountant providing accounting services.
SAI-26
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
A Registration Statement on Form N-2, including amendments thereto, relating to our common
stock offered hereby, has been filed by us with the SEC, Washington, D.C. Our prospectus,
prospectus supplement and this statement of additional information do not contain all of the
information set forth in the Registration Statement, including any exhibits and schedules thereto.
For further information with respect to us and our common stock offered hereby, reference is made
to our Registration Statement. Statements contained in our prospectus, prospectus supplement and
this SAI as to the contents of any contract or other document referred to are not necessarily
complete and in each instance reference is made to the copy of such contract or other document
filed as an exhibit to the Registration Statement, each such statement being qualified in all
respects by such reference. Copies of the Registration Statement may be inspected without charge at
the SECs principal office in Washington, D.C., and copies of all or any part thereof may be
obtained from the SEC upon the payment of certain fees prescribed by the SEC.
SAI-27
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND REPORT OF INDEPENDENT
REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
Our financial statements and financial highlights, the accompanying notes thereto and the
report of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP thereon, contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the
year ended November 30, 2009 filed with the SEC on February 16, 2010 and our financial statements
and the accompanying notes thereto contained in our Report to Stockholders on Form N-CSR for the
semi-annual period ended May 31, 2010 filed with the SEC on July 15, 2010 are hereby incorporated
by reference into, and are made a part of, this SAI.
A copy of such Annual Report and Stockholder Report must accompany the delivery of this SAI.
F-1
KAYNE ANDERSON ENERGY DEVELOPMENT COMPANY
PART C Other Information
Item 25. Financial Statements and Exhibits
1. Financial Statements:
|
Part A |
|
None. |
|
|
Part B |
|
Audited financial statements for the year ended November 30, 2009, notes thereto and
the report of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP. |
|
|
|
Unaudited financial statements and notes thereto for the semi-annual period ended May
31, 2010. |
2. Exhibits:
|
|
|
(a)
|
|
Form of Articles of Amendment and Restatement(1) |
|
|
|
(b)
|
|
Amended and Restated Bylaws(2) |
|
|
|
(c)
|
|
Voting Trust Agreement Not Applicable |
|
|
|
(d)
|
|
Form of Common Stock Certificate(3) |
|
|
|
(e)
|
|
Amended Dividend Reinvestment Plan(4) |
|
|
|
(f)
|
|
Amended and Restated Senior Secured Revolving Credit Agreement dated as of March 30, 2010 by
and among Registrant, the lenders party thereto, SunTrust Bank, as Administrative Agent for
the Lenders, Citibank N.A., as Syndication Agent, and UBS Securities LLC as Documentation
Agent (13) |
|
|
|
(g)
|
|
Form of Investment Management Agreement between Registrant and KA Fund Advisors, LLC(5) |
|
|
|
(h)
|
|
Underwriting/Distribution Agreements(12) |
|
|
|
(i)
|
|
Bonus, Profit Sharing, Pension Plans Not Applicable |
|
|
|
(j)
|
|
Form of Custody Agreement between Registrant and The Custodial Trust Company (as assigned to
JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.)(6) |
|
|
|
(k)(1)
|
|
Administration Agreement between Registrant and Ultimus Fund Solutions, LLC(7) |
|
|
|
(k)(2)
|
|
Form of Transfer Agency Agreement between Registrant and American Stock Transfer & Trust
Company(8) |
|
|
|
(k)(3)
|
|
Form of Accounting Services Agreement between Registrant and Ultimus Fund Solutions, LLC(9) |
|
|
|
(l)
|
|
Opinion and Consent of Venable LLP(12) |
|
|
|
(m)
|
|
Non-Resident Officers/Directors Not Applicable |
|
|
|
(n)
|
|
Other Opinions and Consents Consent of Registrants Independent Auditors(13) |
|
|
|
(o)
|
|
Omitted Financial Statements Not Applicable |
|
|
|
(p)
|
|
Subscription Agreement Not Applicable |
|
|
|
(q)
|
|
Model Retirement Plans Not Applicable |
|
|
|
(r)(1)
|
|
Code of Ethics of Registrant(10) |
C-1
|
|
|
(r)(2)
|
|
Code of Conduct of KA Fund Advisors, LLC(11) |
|
(s)
|
|
Power of Attorney(13) |
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Previously filed as Exhibit (a)(2) to Registrants Pre-Effective
Amendment No. 5 to its Registration Statement on Form N-2 (File
No. 333-134829) as filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on September 18, 2006 and incorporated herein by
reference. |
|
(2) |
|
Previously filed as Exhibit (b)(2) to Registrants Pre-Effective
Amendment No. 5 to its Registration Statement on Form N-2 (File
No. 333-134829) as filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on September 18, 2006 and incorporated herein by
reference. |
|
(3) |
|
Previously filed as Exhibit (d) to Registrants Pre-Effective
Amendment No. 5 to its Registration Statement on Form N-2 (File
No. 333-134829) as filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on September 18, 2006 and incorporated herein by
reference. |
|
(4) |
|
Previously filed as Exhibit 10.4 to Registrants Quarterly Report
on Form 10-Q (File No. 814-00725), as filed with the Securities
and Exchange Commission on April 9, 2009 and incorporated by
reference herein. |
|
(5) |
|
Previously filed as Exhibit (g) to Registrants Pre-Effective
Amendment No. 5 to its Registration Statement on Form N-2 (File
No. 333-134829) as filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on September 18, 2006 and incorporated herein by
reference. |
|
(6) |
|
Previously filed as Exhibit (j) to Registrants Pre-Effective
Amendment No. 5 to its Registration Statement on Form N-2 (File
No. 333-134829) as filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on September 18, 2006 and incorporated herein by
reference. |
|
(7) |
|
Previously filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Registrants Current Report
on Form 8-K (File No. 814-00725), as filed with the Securities
and Exchange Commission on March 6, 2009 and incorporated by
reference herein. |
|
(8) |
|
Previously filed as Exhibit (k)(2) to Registrants Pre-Effective
Amendment No. 5 to its Registration Statement on Form N-2 (File
No. 333-134829) as filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on September 18, 2006 and incorporated herein by
reference. |
|
(9) |
|
Previously filed as Exhibit (k)(3) to Registrants Pre-Effective
Amendment No. 5 to its Registration Statement on Form N-2 (File
No. 333-134829) as filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on September 18, 2006 and incorporated herein by
reference. |
|
(10) |
|
Previously filed as Exhibit (r)(1) to Registrants Pre-Effective
Amendment No. 5 to its Registration Statement on Form N-2 (File
No. 333-134829) as filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on September 18, 2006 and incorporated herein by
reference. |
|
(11) |
|
Previously filed as Exhibit (r)(2) to Registrants Pre-Effective
Amendment No. 5 to its Registration Statement on Form N-2 (File
No. 333-134829) as filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on September 18, 2006 and incorporated herein by
reference. |
|
(12) |
|
To be Filed by Amendment. |
|
(13) |
|
Filed Herewith. |
Item 26. Marketing Arrangements
Reference is made to the form of underwriting agreements and distribution agreements for the
Registrants common stock to be filed as exhibits in an amendment(s) to the Registrants
Registration Statement and the section entitled Plan of Distribution contained in the
Registrants Prospectus, filed herewith as Part A of Registrants Registration Statement.
C-2
Item 27. Other Expenses and Distribution
The following table sets forth the estimated expenses to be incurred in connection with the
offering described in this Registration Statement:
|
|
|
|
|
Securities and Exchange Commission Fees |
|
$ |
35,650 |
|
Printing and engraving expenses |
|
|
95,000 |
|
FINRA fee |
|
|
15,500 |
|
NYSE listing fees |
|
|
32,400 |
* |
Accounting fees and expenses |
|
|
50,000 |
|
Legal fees and expenses |
|
|
320,000 |
|
Miscellaneous fees and expenses |
|
|
10,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
558,550 |
|
|
|
|
|
* Estimated
based on the last sale price for our common stock on October 6, 2010
on the New York Stock Exchange.
Item 28. Persons Controlled by or Under Common Control
None.
Item 29. Number of Holders of Securities
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Title of Class |
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Number of Record Holders |
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Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share (as of September 30, 2010) |
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10,242,094 |
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Long-Term Debt |
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5 |
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C-3
Item 30. Indemnification
Maryland law permits a Maryland corporation to include in its charter a provision limiting the
liability of its directors and officers to the corporation and its stockholders for money damages
except for liability resulting from (a) actual receipt of an improper benefit or profit in money,
property or services or (b) active and deliberate dishonesty established by a final judgment as
being material to the cause of action. The Registrants charter contains such a provision which
eliminates directors and officers liability to the maximum extent permitted by Maryland law,
subject to the requirements of the 1940 Act.
The Registrants charter and bylaws require the Registrant, to the maximum extent permitted by
Maryland law and subject to the requirements of the 1940 Act, to indemnify any present or former
director or officer or any individual who, while a director and at the Registrants request, serves
or has served another corporation, real estate investment trust, partnership, joint venture, trust,
employee benefit plan or other enterprise as a director, officer, partner or trustee and who is
made a party to the proceeding by reason of his or her service in that capacity from and against
any claim or liability to which that person may become subject or which that person may incur by
reason of his or her status as a present or former director or officer and to pay or reimburse
their reasonable expenses in advance of final disposition of a proceeding. The charter and bylaws
also permit the Registrant to indemnify and advance expenses to any person who served a predecessor
of the Registrant in any of the capacities described above and any of the Registrants employees or
agents or any employees or agents of the Registrants predecessor. In accordance with the 1940 Act,
the Registrant will not indemnify any person for any liability to which such person would be
subject by reason of such persons willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless
disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his office.
Maryland law requires a corporation (unless its charter provides otherwise, which the
Registrants charter does not) to indemnify a director or officer who has been successful, on the
merits or otherwise, in the defense of any proceeding to which he or she is made a party by reason
of his or her service in that capacity. Maryland law permits a corporation to indemnify its present
and former directors and officers, among others, against judgments, penalties, fines, settlements
and reasonable expenses actually incurred by them in connection with any proceeding to which they
may be made a party by reason of their service in those or other capacities unless it is
established that (a) the act or omission of the director or officer was material to the matter
giving rise to the proceeding and (1) was committed in bad faith or (2) was the result of active
and deliberate dishonesty, (b) the director or officer actually received an improper personal
benefit in money, property or services or (c) in the case of any criminal proceeding, the director
or officer had reasonable cause to believe the act or omission was unlawful. In addition, Maryland
law permits a corporation to advance reasonable expenses to a director or officer upon the
corporations receipt of (a) a written affirmation by the director or officer of his or her good
faith belief that he or she has met the standard of conduct necessary for indemnification by the
corporation and (b) a written undertaking by him or her or on his or her behalf to repay the amount
paid or reimbursed by the corporation if it is ultimately determined that the standard of conduct
was not met.
Insofar as indemnification for liability arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to
directors, officers and controlling persons of the Registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions,
or otherwise, the Registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange
Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is,
therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities
(other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or
controlling person of the Registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding)
is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being
registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled
by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such
indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Act and will be governed by the
final adjudication of such issue.
Item 31. Business and Other Connections of Investment Adviser
The information in the SAI under the caption Management Directors and Officers is hereby
incorporated by reference.
C-4
Part B and Schedules A and D of Form ADV of the Adviser (SEC File No. 801- 67089),
incorporated herein by reference, sets forth the officers of the Adviser and information as to any
business, profession, vocation or employment of a substantial nature engaged in by those officers
during the past two years.
Item 32. Location of Accounts and Records
The accounts, books or other documents required to be maintained by Section 31(a) of the
Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, and the rules promulgated thereunder, are kept by the
Registrant or its custodian, transfer agent, administrator and fund accountant.
Item 33. Management Services
Not applicable.
Item 34. Undertakings
1. Registrant undertakes to suspend the offering of its common stock until it amends the
prospectus filed herewith if (1) subsequent to the effective date of its registration statement,
the NAV declines more than 10 percent from its NAV as of the effective date of the registration
statement, or (2) the NAV increases to an amount greater than its net proceeds as stated in the
prospectus.
2. Not Applicable.
3. Not Applicable.
4. Registrant undertakes:
(a) to file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective
amendment to this registration statement:
(1) to include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act of 1933 as
amended (the Securities Act);
(2) to reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the
registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually
or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the
registration statement; and
(3) to include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not
previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in
the registration statement;
(b) that, for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act, each such
post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the
securities offered therein, and the offering of those securities at that time shall be deemed to be
the initial bona fide offering thereof; and
(c) to remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities
being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering;
(d) that, for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act to any purchaser,
if the Registrant is subject to Rule 430C: each prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 497(b), (c), (d)
or (e) under the Securities Act as part of this registration statement relating to an offering,
other than prospectuses filed in reliance on Rule 430A under the Securities Act, shall be deemed to
be part of and included in this registration statement as of the date it is first used after
effectiveness. Provided, however, that no statement made in this registration
statement or prospectus that is part of this registration statement or made in a document
incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into this registration or prospectus that is part
of this registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to
such first use, supersede or modify any statement that was made in this registration statement or
prospectus that was part of this registration statement or made in any such document immediately
prior to such date of first use.
C-5
(e) that for the purpose of determining liability of the Registrant under the Securities Act
to any purchaser in the initial distribution of securities:
The undersigned Registrant undertakes that in a primary offering of securities of the
undersigned Registrant pursuant to this registration statement, regardless of the underwriting
method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such
purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned Registrant will be a
seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to the purchaser:
(1) any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned Registrant relating to the
offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 497 under the Securities Act;
(2) the portion of any advertisement pursuant to Rule 482 under the Securities Act relating
to the offering containing material information about the undersigned Registrant or its
securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned Registrant; and
(3) any other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned
Registrant to the purchaser.
5. Registrant undertakes that:
(a) For purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act, the information
omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of this registration statement in reliance upon
Rule 430A and contained in the form of prospectus filed by the Registrant under Rule 497(h) under
the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of this registration statement as of the time it
was declared effective; and
(b) For the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each
post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed to be a new
registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of the
securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
6. The Registrant undertakes to send by first class mail or other means designed to ensure
equally prompt delivery, within two business days of receipt of a written or oral request, any
Statement of Additional Information.
7. Upon each issuance of securities pursuant to this Registration Statement, the Registrant
undertakes to file a form of prospectus and/or form of prospectus supplement pursuant to Rule 497
and a post-effective amendment to the extent required by the Securities Act and the rules and
regulations thereunder, including, but not limited to a post-effective amendment pursuant to Rule
462(c) or Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act.
8. The Registrant undertakes to file a post-effective amendment upon each issuance of
securities pursuant to this registration statement in which such securities are sold other than for
cash, including in exchange transactions for non-control securities or for a combination of cash
and non-control securities.
C-6
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the Investment
Company Act of 1940, as amended, the Registrant has duly caused this Registration Statement on Form
N-2 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of
Houston, and the State of Texas, on the 7th day of October, 2010.
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KAYNE ANDERSON ENERGY DEVELOPMENT
COMPANY
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By: |
/s/
KEVIN S. MCCARTHY*
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Kevin S. McCarthy |
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Chairman and Chief Executive Officer |
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Pursuant to the requirements of the 1933 Act, this Registration Statement has been signed
below by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated:
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Signature |
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Title |
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Date |
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/s/ KEVIN S. MCCARTHY*
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Director, Chief Executive Officer and President
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October 7, 2010 |
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(Principal Executive Officer) |
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/s/ TERRY A. HART*
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Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
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October 7, 2010 |
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(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) |
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/s/ WILLIAM R. CORDES*
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Director
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October 7, 2010 |
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/s/ BARRY R. PEARL*
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Director
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October 7, 2010 |
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/s/ ALBERT R. RICHEY*
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Director
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October 7, 2010 |
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/s/ ROBERT V. SINNOTT*
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Director
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October 7, 2010 |
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/s/ WILLIAM L. THACKER*
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Director
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October 7, 2010 |
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* By: /s/ DAVID A. HEARTH
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Attorney-in-Fact (Pursuant to a Power of |
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October 7, 2010 |
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Attorney filed herewith) |
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C-7
INDEX TO EXHIBITS
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(a)
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Form of Articles of Amendment and Restatement(1) |
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(b)
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Amended and Restated Bylaws(2) |
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(c)
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Voting Trust Agreement Not Applicable |
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(d)
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Form of Common Stock Certificate(3) |
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(e)
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Amended Dividend Reinvestment Plan(4) |
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(f)
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Amended and Restated Senior Secured Revolving Credit Agreement dated as of March 30, 2010 by
and among Registrant, the lenders party thereto, SunTrust Bank, as Administrative Agent for
the Lenders, Citibank N.A., as Syndication Agent, and UBS Securities LLC as Documentation
Agent (13) |
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(g)
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Form of Investment Management Agreement between Registrant and KA Fund Advisors, LLC(5) |
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(h)
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Underwriting/Distribution Agreements(12) |
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(i)
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Bonus, Profit Sharing, Pension Plans Not Applicable |
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(j)
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Form of Custody Agreement between Registrant and The Custodial Trust Company (as assigned to
JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.)(6) |
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(k)(1)
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Administration Agreement between Registrant and Ultimus Fund Solutions, LLC(7) |
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(k)(2)
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Form of Transfer Agency Agreement between Registrant and American Stock Transfer & Trust
Company(8) |
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(k)(3)
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Form of Accounting Services Agreement between Registrant and Ultimus Fund Solutions, LLC(9) |
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(l)
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Opinion and Consent of Venable LLP(12) |
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(m)
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Non-Resident Officers/Directors Not Applicable |
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(n)
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Other Opinions and Consents Consent of Registrants Independent Auditors(13) |
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(o)
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Omitted Financial Statements Not Applicable |
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(p)
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Subscription Agreement Not Applicable |
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(q)
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Model Retirement Plans Not Applicable |
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(r)(1)
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Code of Ethics of Registrant(10) |
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(r)(2)
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Code of Conduct of KA Fund Advisors, LLC(11) |
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(s)
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Power of Attorney(13) |
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(1) |
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Previously filed as Exhibit (a)(2) to Registrants Pre-Effective
Amendment No. 5 to its Registration Statement on Form N-2 (File
No. 333-134829) as filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on September 18, 2006 and incorporated herein by
reference. |
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(2) |
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Previously filed as Exhibit (b)(2) to Registrants Pre-Effective
Amendment No. 5 to its Registration Statement on Form N-2 (File
No. 333-134829) as filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on September 18, 2006 and incorporated herein by
reference. |
C-8
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(3) |
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Previously filed as Exhibit (d) to Registrants Pre-Effective
Amendment No. 5 to its Registration Statement on Form N-2 (File
No. 333-134829) as filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on September 18, 2006 and incorporated herein by
reference. |
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(4) |
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Previously filed as Exhibit 10.4 to Registrants Quarterly Report
on Form 10-Q (File No. 814-00725), as filed with the Securities
and Exchange Commission on April 9, 2009 and incorporated by
reference herein. |
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(5) |
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Previously filed as Exhibit (g) to Registrants Pre-Effective
Amendment No. 5 to its Registration Statement on Form N-2 (File
No. 333-134829) as filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on September 18, 2006 and incorporated herein by
reference. |
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(6) |
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Previously filed as Exhibit (j) to Registrants Pre-Effective
Amendment No. 5 to its Registration Statement on Form N-2 (File
No. 333-134829) as filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on September 18, 2006 and incorporated herein by
reference. |
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(7) |
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Previously filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Registrants Current Report
on Form 8-K (File No. 814-00725), as filed with the Securities
and Exchange Commission on March 6, 2009 and incorporated by
reference herein. |
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(8) |
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Previously filed as Exhibit (k) (2) to Registrants Pre-Effective
Amendment No. 5 to its Registration Statement on Form N-2 (File
No. 333-134829) as filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on September 18, 2006 and incorporated herein by
reference. |
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(9) |
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Previously filed as Exhibit (k) (3) to Registrants Pre-Effective
Amendment No. 5 to its Registration Statement on Form N-2 (File
No. 333-134829) as filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on September 18, 2006 and incorporated herein by
reference. |
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(10) |
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Previously filed as Exhibit (r) (1) to Registrants Pre-Effective
Amendment No. 5 to its Registration Statement on Form N-2 (File
No. 333-134829) as filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on September 18, 2006 and incorporated herein by
reference. |
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(11) |
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Previously filed as Exhibit (r) (2) to Registrants Pre-Effective
Amendment No. 5 to its Registration Statement on Form N-2 (File
No. 333-134829) as filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on September 18, 2006 and incorporated herein by
reference. |
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(12) |
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To be Filed by Amendment. |
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(13) |
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Filed Herewith. |
C-9